JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
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The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026. Vol. 71. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-4-76-84
S.S. Silkin, L.Yu. Krestinina, E.A. Shishkina
RADIOGENIC RISK OF HEMOBLASTOSES DEVELOPMENT IN THE COHORT OF SOUTHERN URALS POPULATIONS EXPOSED TO RADIATION COHORT OVER A 65-YEAR FOLLOW-UP PERIOD
Federal Southern Urals Research and Clinical Center for Medical Biophysics, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Contact person: Stanislav S. Silkin, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Relevance: Research into the development of hemoblastoses, and in particular leukemia, in populations exposed to radiation is highly relevant, as literature data demonstrates that ionizing radiation is a powerful leukemogenic factor. The greatest risk is associated with acute exposure at high and moderate doses, especially in childhood and adolescence. Understanding of the mechanisms and risks in the cohorts with prolonged irradiation, primarily at low and medium doses, remains a pressing issue in modern radiobiology, radiation safety, and radiation epidemiology.
Purpose: The objective of the study was to obtain direct estimates of the excess relative risk of hemoblastoses in the exposed individuals included in the Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation Cohort.
Material and methods: The manuscript assesses the risk of developing hemoblastoses over a 65-year follow-up period (1956 to 2020) in members of the Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation Cohort chronically exposed to internal and external γ- and β-radiation in the range of predominantly low and medium doses as a result of two radiation accidents at the Mayak Production Association in the 1950-ies. The analytical cohort size is 47195 individuals, the number of person-years at risk is 1.42 million. The study used individualized doses to red bone marrow, the average dose was 0.29 Gy, the maximum dose was 8.6 Gy. Risk analysis was performed using a simple parametric excess relative risk model in the EPICURE statistical package. Dose dependence of disease risk indicators was estimated by the Poisson regression method, the reliability of the results was assessed by the maximum likelihood method with an error probability of 5%.
Results: Statistically significant excess relative risks were obtained in the cohort members for all hemablastoses (ERR 0.46/Gy; 95% CI: 0.14; 0.88, p=0.002), all leukemias (ERR 0.95/Gy; 95% CI: 0.37; 1.81, p<0.001) and leukemias excluding CLL (ERR 1.32/Gy; 95% CI: 0.52; 2.64, p<0.001). The risk of developing chronic lymphocytic leukemia was positive but not statistically significant. No modification of risk values by non-radiation factors (gender, ethnicity, resettlement factor, calendar period of observation, history of malignant neoplasm in relatives, residence in urban or rural areas, parental irradiation or additional intrauterine irradiation, attained age and age at the beginning of irradiation) was revealed. Based on the attributable risk, the proportions of radiation-induced hemoblastoses, leukemia, leukemia excluding chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the cohort of exposed individuals may be 12%, 21%, 28%, and 3%, respectively.
Keywords: Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation Cohort, chronic exposure, hemoblastosis, leukemia, excess relative risk
For citation: Silkin SS, Krestinina LYu, Shishkina EA. Radiogenic Risk of Hemoblastoses Development in the Cohort of Southern Urals Populations Exposed to Radiation Cohort over a 65-year Follow-up Period. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026;71(4):76–84. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-4-76-84
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest.The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study was carried out with the financial support of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia as part of the implementation of a state order on the topic “Remote Effects of Chronic Radiation Exposure in the Ural Region”.
Contribution. Silkin S.S. – study design, risk analysis, and article writing; Krestinina L.Yu. – participation in risk analysis, discussion of results, and editing of the final version of the article. Shishkina E.A. – dose calculation, discussion of results, and writing the article section on doses.
Article received: 28.10.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2026.