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The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022. Vol. 67. № 3
V.Yu. Soloviev, E.A. Gudkov
Application of Hematological Test Results for Severity Assessment
of Acute Radiation Injury on Early Stages
A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: V.Yu. Soloviev, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Investigation of the predictive value of information on the concentrations of neutrophils and lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of victims of radiation accidents in the first days (2 to 9) after exposure to predict the severity of acute radiation injury.
Material and methods: Data on the post-radiation dynamics of the concentrations of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the peripheral blood of victims of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986 from the database on acute radiation injuries to humans
of the A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center was used. Correlation analysis was used as a research method.
Results: Due to the fact that in the period from the 2nd to the 9th day after irradiation, the concentration of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood does not change significantly, and the concentration of neutrophils has a persistent tendency to decrease in the dose range of more than 2 Gy, in addition to the widespread lymphocyte test, operative characteristics for dose-response analysis such as average relative rates of decline in neutrophil concentrations (neutrophil test) and the ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte concentrations (NLR test) in peripheral blood were proposed. The results of the isolated use of the proposed tests are investigated. The analyzed parameters were the average concentration of lymphocytes on days 2–4 after irradiation and the average relative rates of decrease in the concentration of neutrophils and the ratio of the concentrations of neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR) in the peripheral blood of the victims. Estimates show that the neutrophil test (σ = 1.16 Gy) has the highest accuracy in the dose range up to 8 Gy with the isolated use of tests compared to the lymphocyte test
(σ = 1.42 Gy) and the NLR test (σ = 1.31 Gy). An algorithm for using the so-called combined test, which is a functional superposition of data on the post-radiation dynamics of the concentration of lymphocytes and neutrophils in peripheral blood in the period from 2 to 9 days after irradiation, which gives a higher predictive accuracy of the dose estimate (σ = 0.9 Gy).
Conclusion: The proposed combined test has a higher predictive value in assessing the severity of acute radiation injury compared with the use of isolated lymphocytic, neutrophilic and NLR tests in clinical practice.
Keywords: radiation accident, ionizing radiation, radiation dosimetry, acute radiation syndrome, lymphocytes, neutrophils
For citation: Soloviev VYu, Gudkov EA. Application of Hematological Test Results for Severity Assessment of Acute Radiation Injury on Early Stages. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022;67(3):26–29. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-3-26-29
References
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2. Soloviev V.Yu., Samoilov A.S., Lebedev A.O., et al. Application of Time to Emesis Data for Primary Triage of Radiation Accident Victims. Mediko-Biologicheskiye i Sotsialno-Psikhologicheskiye Problemy Bezopasnosti v Chrezvychaynykh Situatsiyakh = Medicо-Biological and Socio-Psychological Problems of Safety in Emergency Situations. 2021;1:14-7. DOI: 10.25016/2541-7487-2021-0-1-14-21 (In Russian).
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4. Parker D.D., Parker J.C. Estimating Radiation Dose from Time to Emesis and Lymphocyte Depletion. Health Physics. 2007;93;6:701-704. DOI: 10.1097/01.HP.0000275289.45882.29.
5. Koenig K.L., Goans R.E., Hatchett R.J. et al. Medical Treatment of Radiological Casualties: Current Concepts. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 2005;45;6:643-652. DOI:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.01.020.
6. Acute Radiation Syndrome. Atlas. Eds. Samoilov A.S., Soloviev V.Yu. M.: SRC-FMBC, 2019. 232 p.
7. Goans R.E., Iddins C.J. The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Triage Tool in Criticality Accidents. Health Physics. 2021;120;4:410-416. DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001342.
PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 17.01.2022. Accepted for publication: 15.03.2022.