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The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2023. Vol. 68. № 2
DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2023-68-2-67-74
O.A. Sinelshchikova
The State of the Genome during Intrauterine Irradiation
Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk, Russia
Contact person: O.A. Sinelshchikova, e-mail:
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Abstract
The widespread use of sources of ionizing radiation for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes dictates the need to study the effect of intrauterine exposure on health. The search for literature sources was carried out using the MEDLINE databases in the PubMed, CyberLeninka, elibrary.ru search engine using the key words: intrauterine exposure, gene, genome, genomic instability, cytogenetics, mutations, chromosomal aberrations, gene expression. The review uses full-text literature sources in Russian and English. The literature search ended in November 2021. The paper presents a review of the literature on the state of the genome during intrauterine irradiation. The paper presents a review of the literature on the state of the genome during intrauterine irradiation. The results of a study of persons exposed to intrauterine exposure during the atomic bombing in Japan, during medical and diagnostic procedures, as well as data obtained in experimental studies on animals indicate that the main radiation-induced effects of intrauterine exposure were early death of the embryo/fetus, congenital malformations, growth and intellectual development retardation with a threshold of at least 100 mGy. Genetic disorders have been studied both in animal experiments and in individuals exposed to intrauterine exposure as a result of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan, the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, in the offspring of parents exposed to occupational exposure, as well as in medical and man-made exposure. It was shown that changes in the genome depended on the type, dose, irradiation power and the phase of intrauterine development. Most aberrations of a stable type were represented by deletions and translocations. Unstable aberrations were also detected: paired fragments, centromeric breaks, dicentrics, rings.
Keywords: intrauterine exposure, genome, genomic instability, chromosomal aberrations
For citation: Sinelshchikova OA. The State of the Genome during Intrauterine Irradiation. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2023;68(2):67–74. (In Russian). DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2023-68-2-67-74
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.11.2022. Accepted for publication: 25.01.2023.