JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.
The journal is included in the List of Russian Reviewed Scientific Journals of the Higher Attestation Commission. Since 2008 the journal has been available on the Internet and indexed in the RISC database which is placed on Web of Science. Since February 2nd, 2018, the journal "Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety" has been indexed in the SCOPUS abstract and citation database.
Brief electronic versions of the Journal have been publicly available since 2005 on the website of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal: http://www.medradiol.ru. Since 2011, all issues of the journal as a whole are publicly available, and since 2016 - full-text versions of scientific articles. Since 2005, subscribers can purchase full versions of other articles of any issue only through the National Electronic Library. The editor of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal in accordance with the National Electronic Library agreement has been providing the Library with all its production since 2005 until now.
The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.
Since 2017 the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety has switched to digital identification of publications, assigning to each article the identifier of the digital object (DOI), which greatly accelerated the search for the location of the article on the Internet. In future it is planned to publish the English-language version of the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety for its development. In order to obtain information about the publication activity of the journal in March 2015, a counter of readers' references to the materials posted on the site from 2005 to the present which is placed on the journal's website. During 2015 - 2016 years on average there were no more than 100-170 handlings per day. Publication of a number of articles, as well as electronic versions of profile monographs and collections in the public domain, dramatically increased the number of handlings to the journal's website to 500 - 800 per day, and the total number of visits to the site at the end of 2017 was more than 230.000.
The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 6. P. 60-66
DISCUSSION
M.V. Osipov, M.E. Sokolnikov
Challenges in Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Medical Radiation Exposure among Workers at a Nuclear Power Plant
Southern Urals Biophysics Institute of FMBA RF, Ozersk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Explore an approach to the estimation of relative risk from medical radiation exposure and show a complex mechanism of causal relationship between exposure to medical radiation and the risk of cancer among Workers at a nuclear power plant.
Material and methods: The study has been carried out among Workers at the «Mayak» nuclear nuclear power plant. Nuclear workers underwent the combined exposure of chronic gamma and alpha ionizing radiation in a wide range of doses, and regular medical examination at the Central medical-sanitary unit of Ozersk. Information on vital status and cause of death was obtained from the Nuclear Personnel Register and the Oncological Register. The risk assessment was carried out on the basis of the excess relative risk model.
Results: The comparison of the coefficient of excess relative risk per unit dose obtained in the model for external professional and medical exposure showed that ERR per unit dose of medical radiation exposure (5.5 (95 % CI 0.3; 12.2) for solid cancers other than lung, liver and bone, is several times higher than one for occupational external gamma radiation exposure (0.13 (95 % CI 0.05; 0.2)). To a large extent, this is not due to a direct carcinogenic effect of medical radiation, but as a consequence of the effective detection of cancer by the X-ray.
Conclusion: The reason for bias in the estimation of excess relative risk of medical exposure is a reversed causal interaction between the analyzed factor and the effect. One of the possible solutions of to this problem is the risk of medical X-ray screening exposure (i.e. fluorography) analyses. Simple summation of doses of medical and occupational exposure to for calculating the risk is unacceptable due to the different mechanisms of accumulation of radiation dose.
Key words: medical exposure, absorbed dose, excess relative risk, medical radiation dose
REFERENCES
- ICRP Publication 105. Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Ann. ICRP. Vol. 37. No. 6, 2007.
- Publikatsiya 103 Mezhdunarodnoi komissii po radiatsionnoi zashchite (MKRZ). From engl. In M.F. Kiseleva i N.K. Shandaly (eds.). Moscow. 2009.
- Koshurnikova N.A., Shil'nikova N.S., Okatenko P.V. et al. Kharakteristika kogorty rabochikh atomnogo predpriyatiya PO «Mayak». Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 1998. Vol. 43. No. 6. P. 43-57.
- Koshurnikova N.A., Shil'nikova N.S., Okatenko P.V. et al. Kharakteristika kogorty rabochikh atomnogo predpriyatiya PO «Mayak» (chast' I). Voprosy radiats. bezopasnosti. 1998. No. 2. P. 46-55.
- Koshurnikova N.A., Shil'nikova N.S., Okatenko P.V. et al. Kharakteristika kogorty rabotnikov atomnogo predpriyatiya PO «Mayak» (chast' II). Voprosy radiatsionnoi bezopasnosti. 1998. No. 3. P. 48-58.
- Vasilenko E.K. Dozimetriya vneshnego oblucheniya rabotnikov PO «Mayak»: pribory, metody, rezul'taty. V sb.: «Istochniki i effekty oblucheniya ra-botnikov PO «Mayak» i naseleniya prozhivayushchego v zone vliyaniya predpriyatiya». In M.F. Kiseleva i S.A. Romanova (eds.). Chelyabinsk. 2009. Vol. 1. P. 51-100.
- Khokhryakov V.V., Khokhryakov V.F., Suslova K.G. et al. Mayak Worker Dosimetry System 2008 (MWDS-2008): Assessment of internal dose from measurement results of plutonium activity in urine. Health Phys. 2013. Vol. 104. No. 4. P. 366-378.
- Preston D. L. Epicure User’s Guide. USA. 330 p.
- Shilnikova N.S., Preston D.L., Ron E. et al. Cancer mortality risk among workers at the Mayak nuclear complex. Radiat. Res. 2003. Vol. 159. P. 787-798.
- Osipov M.V., Sokol'nikov M.E. Otsenka riska smertnosti ot zlokachestvennykh novoobrazovanii organov zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta u rabotnikov PO «Mayak». Voprosy radiatsionnoi bezopasnosti. 2014. No. 1. P. 76-83.
- Koshurnikova N.A., Gilbert E.S., Sokolnikov M.E. et al. Bone cancers in Mayak workers. Radiat. Res. 2000. Vol. 154. P. 154-237.
- Gilbert E.S., Koshurnikova N.A., Sokolnikov M. et al. Liver cancers in Mayak workers. Radiat. Res. 2000. Vol. 154. P. 246-252.
- Boice J.D. Jr. Paediatric CT and recent epidemiological studies. ICRP 2nd, Abu Dhabi. National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Vanderbilt University. Oct. 24, 2013.
- Lebedev N.I., Osipov M.V., Fomin E.P. O sposobe snizheniya luchevoi nagruzki pri komp'yuternoi tomografii bryushnoi polosti. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2014. Vol. 59. No. 4. P. 48-52.
- Pearce M., Salotti J. et al. Radiation exposure from CT scans in childhood and subsequent risk of leukaemia and brain tumours: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2012. Vol. 380. No. 9840. P. 499-505.
- Howe G.R. Lung cancer mortality between 1950 and 1987 after exposure to fractionated moderate-dose-rate ionizing radiation in the canadian fluoroscopy cohort study and the comparison with lung cancer mortality in the atomic bomb survivors study. Radiat. Res. 1995. Vol. 142. P. 295-304.
For citation: Osipov MV, Sokolnikov ME. Challenges in Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Medical Radiation Exposure among Workers at a Nuclear Power Plant. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(6):60-6. Russian.
PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)