JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
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The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.
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The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2014. Vol. 59. No. 2. P. 30-38
RADIATION MEDICINE
А.V. Barabanova, А.А. Gordeeva, N.V. Zinovyeva
Early Erythropenia in Acute Radiation Disease after Non-Uniform Exposure: Possible Pathogenetic Mechanisms
Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the features of acute radiation disease in group of patients exposed to radiation with non-uniform distribution of absorbed dose within the body; the time and grade of possible early erythropenia estimation; clarify its pathogenesis.
Material and methods: Medical histories of 25 patients suffered with acute radiation disease from non-uniform exposure: more than three times gradient of dose by body with maximal local dose higher 10 Gy. Three groups of patients were considered dependently on type of radiation: gamma-radiation 11 patients, gamma-neutron and gamma-beta groups by 7 patients each. Clinical picture in all patients was characterized by compound of bone marrow syndrome (BMS) with local radiation injury (LRI). The time of appearance and the grade of erythropenia were registered and were compared with the main clinical signs of the disease.
Results: Early erythropenia (drop to 3.5×1012/l and lower) in period not later than end of the second week was registered in 14 cases with the most severe and spread local radiation injury (LRI). Some slightly expressed decrease of erythrocytes’ number, or the same later its’ appearing, was found in cases with some less expressed, or not so spread LRI. There was no decrease of erythrocytes in three patients with the most limited by surface LRI. There was no correlation between the grade of erythropenia and bone marrow syndrome (BMS) severity. Decrease of erythrocyte was registered at the same time (or slightly later), as an oedema and necrosis in zone of LRI developed, and that corresponded to the period of significant microcirculation’s disorders and following endogenous intoxication developing.
Conclusion: The absence of correlation between the grade and time of erythropenia and BMS severity, as well as coincidence in time of erythropenia appearance with severe edema and necrosis in zone of local injuries lets us to suppose that intravascular hemolysis is the main cause of erythropenia in patients with acute radiation syndrome resulted from non-uniform irradiation.
Key words: acute radiation disease, non-uniform exposure, bone marrow syndrome, local radiation injury, erythropenia