SCIENTIFIC AND INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL MAGAZINE

ISSN 1024-6177 (Print), ISSN 2618-9615 (Online)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 5. P. 50-58

NUCLEAR MEDICINE

I.P. Aslanidis1, D.M.Pursanova1, O.V. Mukhortova1, A.V. Silchenkov1, O.B. Karyakin2, V.A. Biryukov2, V.I. Shirokorad3

Detection of Prostate Cancer Relapse with 11C-choline PET/CT in Patients after Radical Prostatectomy

1. A.N. Bakoulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre, Obninsk, Russia; 3. Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62, Moscow, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic impact of 11C-choline PET/CT in the detection of recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy and to assess the correlation between PSA levels and PET/CT detection rate of PCa relapse.

Methods and materials: 11C-choline PET/CT was performed in 58 patients (age range 50-79) with biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy. Examinations were performed on PET/CT scanner (Biograph-64, Siemens) 10 min after injection of 11C-choline (700-950 MBq). The mean PSA value was 2.25 ± 2.87 (0.22-17.8) ng/ml. Patients were divided into three groups according to PSA level: ≤ 2 ng/ml, 2 to 9 ng/ml and ≥ 9 ng/ml.

Results: Overall, 11C-choline PET/CT detected PCa relapse in 18 of 58 patients (31 %). Positive PET/CT results were obtained in 8 of 39 patients (21 %) with PSA of ≤ 2 ng/ml, in 8 of 17 patients (47 %) with PSA of 2 to 9 ng/ml, and in 2 of 2 patients (100 %) with PSA of ≥ 9 ng/ml. Local relapse was detected in 55 % (10/18) patients. Both local and distant metastases were diagnosed in 28 % (5/18) cases: bone lesions (2), lymph nodes (2), lymph nodes and adrenal gland (1). Distant relapse was identified in 17 % (3/18) cases: bone (2) and lungs (1). PET/CT allowed to assess the efficacy of treatment in 25 % (10/40) PET-negative patients under hormone therapy at the scan time. However, PET/CT wasn’t able to localize the site of PCa recurrence in these hormone-sensitive patients what might have affected the overall detection rate.

Conclusion: 1) 11C-choline PET/CT was able to detect and correctly identify the site of PCa relapse in 46 % cases and therefore was useful in determining the further therapeutic approach. 2) Our data confirmed the strong correlation between PSA levels and 11C-choline PET/CT detection rate of PCa relapse (r = 0.9). 3) 11C-choline PET/CT has limited utility in localizing the site of PCa recurrence in some patients under hormone therapy.

Key words: prostate cancer recurrence, PET/CT, 11C-choline, PSA

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For citation: Aslanidis IP, Pursanova DM, Mukhortova OV, Silchenkov AV, Karyakin OB, Biryukov VA, Shirokorad VI. Detection of Prostate Cancer Relapse with 11C-choline PET/CT in Patients after Radical Prostatectomy. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(5):50-8. Russian.

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