Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 2. P. 9-14

RADIATION BIOLOGY

Yu.E. Kvacheva

Emperipolesis and Mechanism of Post-Irradiation Megakaryocytopoietic Aplasia

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To investigate the phenomenon of megakaryocytic emperipolesis (the interrelations between megakaryocytes and hemopoietic cells) in situ in the bone marrow of dogs under conditions of acute radiation injury.

Material and methods: Pathomorphologic study of the bone marrow samples of 28 animals exposed to external gamma-irradiation with a single dose of 4 Gy (LD_100/45) was undertaken. The indices of partial megakaryocytogramme and incidence of emperipolesis (%) were assessed in sections of the spinal vertebra stained with routine and special (In Situ End Labeling, ISEL) histological methods.

Results: As a result of this study it was established that irradiation causes two-phase alterations in the total megakaryocytes (MKs) cellularity. Within the first 24 h (the 1st phase) there was an obvious increase of MKs number along with radiation-induced acceleration of commited precursors and accumulation of mature megakaryocytic cells. Within the 2^nd post-exposure phase (3-7 days after irradiation) the total MKs cellularity was decreasing rapidly. This process was not found to be associated with bone marrow megakaryocytic apoptosis (MKs negativity to ISEL-staining). In addition there were no morphologic features of extensive platelet budding, and the number of naked MKs was not apparently imcreased. At the same time megakaryocytic emperipolesis was shown to be increased in all bone marrow slides studied and was revealed to be occurring via both non-cytolytic and cytolytic (28-35 %) morphologic variants.

Conclusion: On the basis of the results obtained here the phenomenon of megakaryocytic emperipolesis is suggested to be an independent mechanism of postirradiation aplasia of megakaryocytic lineage.

Key words: emperipolesis, megakaryocytes, post-irradiation aplasia, hemopoiesis, bone marrow

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For citation: Kvacheva YuE. Emperipolesis and Mechanism of Post-Irradiation Megakaryocytopoietic Aplasia. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(2):9-14. Russian.

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