Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 2. P. 60-65

NUCLEAR MEDICINE

V.F. Demin^1,2, A.A. Antsiferova², Yu.P. Buzulukov², V.A. Demin^2,1, V.Yu. Soloviev¹

Nuclear Physical Method for the Detection of Chemical Elements in Biological and Other Samples Using Activation by Charged Particles*

1. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia

* Applied research is carried out with financial support from the state on behalf of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science (RFMEFI60414X0114)

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To develop a method of radioactive tracers by the activation by charged particles for the studying quantitative content of chemical elements and nanoparticles in biological samples and in the environment.

Material and methods: Theoretical analysis and test experiment were carried out to study the possibility of using various nuclear methods for detection of chemical elements and nanoparticles in biological and other samples, using the activation of different isotopes by a charged particles flux. The characteristics of the products and the various nuclear reactions, taken from the IAEA’s nuclear databases, have been considered. The irradiation of natural isotopes of titanium by fast neutron flux produces radioactive isotopes ⁴⁶Sc and ⁴⁷Sc (with half-life T_1/2, respectively, equal to 83.8 and 3.35 days), by fast protons flux - ⁴⁸V (T_1/2 = 16 days) and by alpha-particles flux - ⁵¹Cr (T_1/2 = 27.7 days). The flux of fast protons after interaction with the natural isotopes of platinum mixture generates radioactive isotope ¹⁹⁵Au (T_1/2 = 186 days), with the isotopes of iron - ⁵⁶Co (T_1/2 = 77.7 days), with the isotopes of manganese - ⁵⁴Mn (T_1/2 = 312 days), with europium isotopes - ¹⁵¹Gd (T_1/2 = 124 days) and ¹⁵³Gd (T_1/2 = 241.6 days). We also consider the possibility of exposure to iron isotopes by fast deuterons flux with the formation of isotope ⁵⁶Co. All radioactive isotopes are gamma-emitters and are suitable for the measuring on gamma-spectrometers. Particular attention is paid to the detection of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide, which takes one of the first places in the list of priority nanomaterials. For estimate the proportion of silver nanoparticles or another nanoparticles passing through the blood-brain barrier, evaluation of the content of iron in the blood can give a key information.

Results: The use of such methods in addition to the traditional neutron activation analysis expands the list of chemical elements, which can be successfully detected by the nuclear activation. This expansion includes such elements as titanium, iron, platinum, manganese, europium and some others.

Key words: nuclear-physical methods, radioactive tracer, charged particles, biokinetics, laboratory animals, the environment, nanoparticles

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For citation: Demin VF, Antsifirova AA, Buzulukov YuP, Demin VA, Soloviev VY. FNuclear Physical Methods for the Detection of Chemical Elements in Biological and Other Samples Using Charged Particles Activation. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(2):60-5.

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