Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 5. P. 39–44
Search of Predictors of Radiosensitivity in Rectal Adenocarcinoma
M.A. Vologirova1, N.N. Volchenko1, I.V. Droshneva1, I.A. Zamulaeva2, A.V. Boyko1, D.V. Sidorov1
1P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
2A.P. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Obninsk, Russia
Contact person: Milana Aslanovna Vologirova: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To analyze a number of immunohistochemical markers as predictors of the radiosensitivity of rectal adenocarcinoma.
Material and methods: The study included 122 patients with histologically verified rectal adenocarcinoma, varying degrees of differentiation, and the stage of the tumor process I-IIIС, T2-T4b /N0-N2b/ M0, with the localization of the tumor in the lower-middle-ampullary parts of the rectum. Predictors included in the research: Ki67, р53, EGFR, Bcl2, COX2, P21, E-cadherin. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy was performed up to 48–50 Gy with the use of medications (5-FU, Cisplatin) as a radio modifiers. The analysis was carried out according to the degree of severity of therapeutic pathomorphosis (according to Mandard), a decrease in the stage before surgery.
Results: A full course of preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery was performed at 121 patients, one patient died of concomitant cardiac pathology during the break. The first degree of Mandard pathomorphosis (complete resorption) registered at 12 patients. The second degree (preservation of a few tumor cells against the background of fibrotic changes) – at 27 patients. The third degree (a large number of preserved tumor cells against the background of the predominance of fibrosis) – at 38 patients. The fourth degree (tumor cells predominate over fibrotic changes) – at 27 patients. The fifth degree (complete absence of signs of tumor regression, absence of fibrosis) – at 2 patients. A decrease in the stage of the tumor process according to the preoperative comprehensive examination registered in 114 (94.2%) patients, in 9 (7.4%) patients – there was no dynamics. During the observation period from 2006 until nowadays, 10 people are known to have died. Years in remission range from 3 months to 22 years. According to the results of multivariate and multiple regression analyses, it is possible to successfully predict the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy, both with the use of biomarkers (Ki67, р53, EGFR, Bcl2, COX2, P21, E-cadherin), and traditional indicators (histological type, stage of the disease, gender, degree of differentiation). It turned out, that both traditional indicators and immunohistochemical indicators work equally well, regardless of each other.
Conclusion: Studied immunohistochemical predictors of radiosensitivity of rectal adenocarcinoma, allow to assess the degree of radiosensitivity or radioresistance of the tumor in each patient before the start of preoperative chemoradiotherapy by doing so, it warns us about the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of chemoradiotherapy in a specific clinical situation, which allows us to individualize the approach to treatment, choosing a more suitable treatment method for the patient: neoadjuvant chemotherapy or surgery.
Key words: locally advanced rectal cancer, preoperative chemoradiotherapy, therapeutic pathomorphosis, radiosensitivity predictors
For citation: Vologirova MA, Volchenko NN, Zamulaeva IA, Sidorov DV, Boyko AV, Droshneva IV. Search of Predictors of Ra6iosensitivity in Rectal Adenocarcinoma. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(5):39-44.
DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-5-39-44
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The author declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors
Article received: 18.01.2021.
Accepted for publication: 25.03.2021.