Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 2

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-2-83-88

I.L. Efimova

Angelina Konstantinovna Guskova
(for the 100th Anniversary of her Birth)

A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: I.L. Efimova, е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Resume

Angelina Konstantinovna Guskova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Laureate of the Lenin Prize, Honoured Scientist of the RSFSR, Laureate of the Sievert Prize, worked for 50 years at the
A.I. Burnazyan FMBC.

She was born on 29 March 1924 in the family of doctor Konstantin Vasilievich and pianist Zoya Vasilievna Guskov.  In 1941, she entered the Sverdlovsk State Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine, and successfully graduated in 1946. A.K. Guskova did her residency at the Clinic of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery. After her graduation, Angelina Konstantinovna was sent to Chelyabinsk-40 (Ozersk), where she started working in medical institutions serving the operating personnel of Plutonium Combine No. 817. There she gained her first experience in treating patients with acute and chronic radiation sickness. In 1957, A.K. Guskova became a senior researcher at the Institute of Biophysics in Moscow, from 1961 she headed the Radiology Department of the Institute of Occupational Hygiene and Occupational Diseases of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences. In 1974 she returned to the Institute of Biophysics of the Ministry of Health of the USSR as Head of the Clinical Department. Under the leadership of A.K. Guskova in the Clinical Department of the Institute of Biophysics a number of methods of diagnostics and prediction of severity of radiation syndromes, as well as their treatment were developed and introduced into practice. This allowed the staff of the Department to successfully cope with the most difficult task of treating a large group of victims of the Chornobyl accident in 1986.

A.K. Guskova is the author of more than 200 publications, 11 monographs (co-authored), and sections in monographs and manuals (independent). The most important of them are: «Human Radiation Disease» (1971), «Medical Assistance given to personnel of the Chernobyl N.P., after 1986 Accident». (1996). (editor and co-author), «Guidelines for Organisation of Medical Care for Persons Exposed to Radiation» (1986), «Guidelines for Radiation Medicine» (2001).

Keywords: A.K. Guskova, nuclear industry, biophysics, radiation sickness, neurology, hematology, leukemia, Chernobyl accident, occupational hygiene, clinic, local radiation lesions

For citation: Efimova IL. Angelina Konstantinovna Guskova (for the 100th Anniversary of her Birth). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(2):83–88. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-2-83-88

References

1. Krinitsyn V.G. Angelina. Ya Schastlivyy Chelovek = Angelina. I am a Happy Man. Nizhniy Tagil Publ., 2013. P. 7 (In Russ.).

2. Guskova A.K. Moi Uchitelya i Soratniki = My Teachers and Comrades. Fund of the FMBC Museum Named After. A.I.Burnazyan. Moscow Publ., 1990 (In Russ.).

3. Death is odorless and colorless. Conversation between Alexander Emelyanenkov and Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Angelina Konstantinovna Guskova. April 26, 2004. (In Russ.).

4. Prilepina O. Vrach po Imeni Angelina = A Doctor Named Angelina. Russkiy Mir. 2010. (In Russ.).

5. Ibid (In Russ.).

6. Analytical Report of the Order of Lenin Institute of Biophysics of the USSR Ministry of Health on the Work Done to Eliminate the Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and Provide Medical Assistance to the Victims and Evacuees (for the Period from 04/26/86 to 08/01/86). Fund of the FMBC Museum Named After. A.I.Burnazyan (In Russ.).

7. Galin V., Elin V., Sidorova G. Beda. Trouble. Hope. Warning. Conversation with Robert Gale. Novoye Vremya. 1986
(In Russ.).

8. Leskova N. The Nuclear threat Still Exists Today. Conversation with Academician L.A. Ilyin. December 3, 2018 (In Russ.).

9. Guskova A.K. Memories. Fund of the FMBC Museum Named after. A.I.Burnazyan. (In Russ.).

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Conflict of interest. The author declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with one participation of the author.

Article received: 20.11.2023. Accepted for publication: 27.12.2023.