Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 2. C. 39-45

RADIATION MEDICINE

T.A. Varfolomeyeva¹, A.A. Akleyev^1,2, A.S. Mandrykina¹

The Characteristics of Homeostasis in Individuals Chronically Exposed to Radiation in the South Urals at Late Time After Exposure

1. Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To conduct a study on the characteristics of the quantitatively-cellular, functional and oxidation-reduction homeostasis of the blood system at late time after exposure in residents of the territories contaminated with radionuclides in the South Urals.

Material and methods: The study included a comprehensive analysis of the morpho-functional and oxidant-antioxidant status of the peripheral blood cells in residents of the Techa riverside villages all of whom was exposed to a prolonged non-uniform radiation with a broad dose range (4.7 Gy to the RBM ad maximum, up to 0.4 Gy to the organs of the peripheral immunopoiesis), and of whom the majority of whom had attained old or senile age. The approach used included up-to-date methods of laboratory diagnostics (multipleparameter method for carrying out blood analyses, integrated study of the immune system, assessment of the rates of the oxidative stress). The control group consisted of individuals residing either on uncontaminated territories or on territories with minimum levels of contamination (accumulated dose to the RBM was up to 0.06 Gy, the dose rate reached 0.001 Gy/year).

Results: The obtained data thus allowed us to draw a conclusion regarding the safety of the quantitative-cellular, functional and oxidation-reduction homeostasis of the blood system in persons exposed within the range of accumulative doses to RBM from 0.07 to 4.7 Gy (to the organs of the peripheral immunopoiesis up to 0.4 Gy) in spite of the long-term habitation on contaminated territories and the currently attained old age and senility. The following aberrations were observed only in particular blood indices: a reduced number of thrombosytes in 20.2 % of exposed persons and a tendency towards an increase in the number of CD95-positive lymphocytes may indirectly testify to some concealed injuries in the genome of the cells which representig the offspring of the pool of hematopoietic stem cells that had incurred damages during the period of maximum radiation exposures. No changes were observed in the indices characterizing the functional status of the immune cells and the components of the oxidant stress: the level of oxidants (malonedialdehyde (MDA), endogenous nitrite), and the principal enzyme of the antioxidant protection copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) were at the level of equal-age control.

Key words: chronic radiation exposure, peripheral blood, cellular homeostasis, immune system, lipid peroxidation, Soth Urals, population

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For citation: Varfolomeyeva TA, Akleyev AA, Mandrykina AS. The Characteristics of Homeostasis in Individuals Chronically Exposed to Radiation in the South Urals at Late Time after Exposure. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(2):39-45. Russian.

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