JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.
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The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 6
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-6-108-114
T.V. Vishnevskaya1, E.V. Bronikovskaya1, M.Yu. Tsyplenkova1,
D.S. Isubakova1, O.S. Tsymbal1, I.V. Milto1, 2, R.M. Takhauov1, 2
The Importance of an Increased Frequency of Chromosomal Aberrations of Blood Lymphocytes in the Formation of Malignant Neoplasms in Workers of an Atomic Energy Facility
1 Seversk Biophysical Research Center, Seversk, Russia
2 Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
Contact person: Tatyana V. Vishnevskaya, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To carry out a comparative analysis of the frequency of chromosomal aberrations of blood lymphocytes in conditionally healthy workers of an atomic energy facility and workers with malignant neoplasms who were exposed to external gamma radiation in the course of their professional activities.
Material and methods: The material for the study was the venous blood of workers exposed to ionizing radiation during the performance of their work duties (external exposure to gamma radiation). The study included 58 male production workers, who were divided into two groups: group I (n = 42, workers with no history of hypertension at the time of blood collection) and group II (n = 16 workers with malignant neoplasm). When forming the sample, workers with internal and/or combined radiation were excluded. Cytogenetic analysis was performed on cultured blood lymphocytes after routine staining with Giemsa dye.
Results: When comparing the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes of conditionally healthy workers of an ionizing radiation facility and workers of an ionizing radiation facility with malignant neoplasms, an increase in the frequency of chromosomal fragments (p = 0.0207) was revealed in workers of an ionizing radiation facility with malignant neoplasms. The frequencies of other types of chromosomal aberrations studied (chromatid fragments, dicentric and ring chromosomes) do not differ between the groups.
Discussion: Cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal aberrations in blood cells is a reliable and highly sensitive method for assessing radiation exposure. Chromosomal abnormalities serve as a biological marker of ionizing radiation. An increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations may indicate damage to the DNA structure, which is mainly due to a decrease in the ability of cells to repair it in workers of an atomic energy facility with malignant neoplasms.
Conclusion: Considering that ionizing radiation is one of the harmful production factors of an atomic energy facility, the main pathogenetic mechanism of action on a cell is DNA damage, employees of an atomic energy facility who are exposed in the course of their professional activities belong to the group of increased risk of malignant neoplasms. In this regard, careful medical supervision of employees of an atomic energy facility who are exposed to man-made ionizing radiation during their professional activities is necessary for the prevention and timely detection of malignant neoplasms. Based on the results obtained, it is advisable to recommend routine cytogenetic blood testing of employees of an atomic energy facility during preliminary and periodic medical examinations to form groups at increased risk of developing malignant neoplasms.
Keywords: chromosomal aberrations, professional exposure, malignant neoplasms, cytogenetic study, blood lymphocytes
For citation: Vishnevskaya TV, Bronikovskaya EV, Tsyplenkova MYu, Isubakova DS, Tsymbal OS, Milto IV, Takhauov RM. The Importance of an Increased Frequency of Chromosomal Aberrations of Blood Lymphocytes in the Formation of Malignant Neoplasms in Workers of an Atomic Energy Facility. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(6):108–114. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-6-108-114
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study was carried out as part of a state assignment, the topic of which was ‟Studying the Association of Gene Variability in Cell Signal Transduction Pathways with Increased Frequency of Chromosomal Aberrations in Blood Lymphocytes of Employees at the Siberian Chemical Plant”.
Contribution. Vishnevskaya T.V. – preparation of the article text, analysis and interpretation of data, collection and analysis of the manuscript material, development of the research concept and design; Bronikovskaya E.V. – conducting experiments, Tsyplenkova M.Yu., Tsymbal O.S. – conducting experiments and statistical data processing; Isubakova D.S. – development of the research concept, internal audit, Milto I.V. – scientific editing of the text, verification of critical intellectual content; Takhauov R.M. – scientific editing of the text, approval of the final version of the manuscript.
Article received: 20.07.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.08.2025.