JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020. Vol. 65. No. 3. P. 59–65
A.G. Tsovyanov1, A.E. Karev1, S.M. Shinkarev1, I.P. Korenkov1, A.S. Samoylov1, V.A. Stebelkov2, A.V. Zhukov2, K.M. Izmestyev3, S.G. Terentiev3
Size Distribution, Morphology and Elemental Composition of Aerosol Particles on the Fabrication of Mixed Nitride Uranium-Plutonium Fuel
1 A.I. Burnasyan Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia,
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2 Laboratory for Microparticle Analysis, Moscow, Russia
3 Joint Stock Company “Siberian Chemical Combine”, Tomsk, Russia
Abstract
Purpose: Study of physical and chemical properties of radioactive aerosols formed on the fabrication of mixed nitride uranium-plutonium (MNUP) fuel.
Material and methods: The following impactors were utilized for activity particle-size distribution analysis: AIP-2, PHRT, IRAM-2-4I (SRC FMBC), Andersen cascade impactor (Copley Scientific, UK), SKC Sioutas (SKC inc., USA). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) Tescan LYRA-3 equipped the X-ray microanalyzer X-max 80 (Oxford Instruments) was used for study of morphological characteristics of aerosol particles. Secondary ion-mass spectrometer Cameca IMS-1280 and track analysis were used for search of particles containing the uranium and plutonium radionuclides.
Results: Values of AMAD (Σa) vary from 12 µm till 30 µm, for 239Pu – from 14 till 27 µm. Lowest AMAD values (0.4–2.5 µm for 239Pu) were found in the repair area near the glove box of synthesis and sintering. The samples contain a much larger number of uranium-containing particles, which is likely due to a larger mass fraction of uranium oxide compared with plutonium dioxide in the initial mixture of reagents. Elemental composition of aerosol particles includes U (63–86 %), Pu (5–10 %) and О (9–47 %), Fe – in some samples till 32 %. Other elements like Nа, S, N, Р are contained in rather lowest amounts not exceeding 1–8 %. Only one nitrogen-containing particle was found (3 % of N).
Conclusion: Coarse fraction of radioactive aerosols makes a major contribution in activity concentration in air of the operator zone which is driven by such operations as pressing and crushing. Aerosol particles are presented as individual particles or dense aggregates by size of 0,2–2 µm and also as conglomerates by size 0,5–4 µm consisting of oxides (or carbides) of silicon, iron, calcium, etc. containing inclusions (200–400 nm) or individual particles (20–200 nm) of mixed U-Pu oxide or uranium oxide on the surface of conglomerate as well aslocated in the near-surface layers inside.
Key words: plutonium, radioactive aerosol, AMAD, impactor, mixed nitride uranium-plutonium fuel, scanning electron microscope
For citation: Tsovyanov AG, Karev AE, Shinkarev SM, Korenkov IP, Samoylov AS, Stebelkov VA, Zhukov AV, Izmestyev KM, Terentiev SG. Size Distribution, Morphology and Elemental Composition of Aerosol Particles on the Fabrication of Mixed Nitride Uranium-Plutonium Fuel. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020;65(3):59-65. (In Russ.).
DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-3-59-65
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 24.11.2019.
Accepted for publication: 24.06.2020.