JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
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The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 3. P. 40–47
G.P. Frolov1, K.N. Melkova2, T.I. Gimadova1, E.I. Klimenko1
Historical Aspects and Practice of the Use of Total Therapeutic Human Exposure
1A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
2ALC Kompas Zdorovya, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: Gennady Pavlovich Frolov: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
The article discusses the historical experience of introducing into practice the clinic of the State Research Center Institute of Biophysics, Ministry of Health of the USSR, the method of irradiation of the whole patient's body on a device containing 137 Cs at a dose of 10–12 Gy before bone marrow transplantation. To ensure the safety of the total therapeutic irradiation method (TTI, total body irradiation – TBI in the world literature), as well as to maintain the specified irradiation parameters, a dose control system was used using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) attached to the patient's body at each irradiation fraction to correct the total dose to the last fraction. In addition to the therapeutic procedure, the TTO model was used to study aspects of verification of emergency exposure and other issues of supporting cases of acute radiation disease. The practical part of the article illustrates the method of radiation dose control using TLD at 22 points when changing the TTI (TBI) technique to a linear accelerator for radiotherapy 6 MeV to perform the procedure with a more preferable dose rate and reduce the patient's exposure time for a fraction of radiation at a dose of 2 Gy for 40 to 20 minutes. The article presents the parameters of the irradiation according to the method and the data obtained on the basis of TLD during the irradiation of the patient according to the modified method. The correspondence of the radiation dose, as well as the irregularity of the irradiation to the specified parameters (less than 10 %), as well as the effectiveness of the use of lung protection with dose reduction from 12 to 8 Gy, is shown. The specified measurements using TLD should be carried out when changing the method at the first actual application, especially in the absence of preliminary phantom measurements. A clear understanding of the principles of radiation therapy in the case of TTI (TBI) is an invaluable experience of doctors, which is used in the treatment of rare cases of acute radiation sickness as a result of emergency (uncontrolled) exposure, both at radiation-hazardous enterprises and with known calculation errors in planning therapeutic radiation.
Key words:radiation therapy, total body irradiation, thermoluminescent dosimeter, bone marrow transplant, equipment for irradiation of the human body, radiation dose control, exposure in a radiation accident.
For citation: Frolov GP, Melkova KN, Gimadova TI, Klimenko EI. Historical Aspects and Practice of the Use of Total Therapeutic Human Exposure. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety 2021;66(3):40-47.
DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-4-40-47
References
- Wheldon TE The Radiological Basis of Total Body Irradiation. Br. J Radiol. 1997;70:1204-1207.
- Tae HK, Faiz MK, Galvin JM A Report of the Work Party: Comparison of Total Body Irradiation Techniques for Bone Marrow Transplantation. Int. J Radiol. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 1980;6:779-83.
- Bortin MM. A Compendium of Reported Human Bone Marrow Transplants. Transplantation. 1970;9(6):571-83.
- Melkova KN, Gorbunova NV, Chernyavskaya TZ, et al. Total Body Irradiation for Bone Marrow Trasplantation. Journal of Clinical Oncohematology. 2012;5(2):96-116 (In Russian).
- Gorlachev GE, Trofimova OP, Zaychenko OS, Krylova TA, Gutnik RA, Yazhgunovich IP. Rules and Technique in Total Body Irradiation. Journal of Medical Physics. 2018;1:17-18 (In Russian).
- Bochvar IA, Gimadova TI, Keirim-Markus IB, Kushnerev AYa, Yakubik VV. IKS Method of Dosimentry. Мoscow, Atomizdat Publ., 1977. 222 p. (In Russian).
- Nugis V.Yu. Medical Radiology. 1986;(9):30-35 (In Russian).
PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 23.12.2020.
Accepted for publication: 20.01.2021.