JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.
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The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.
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The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022. Vol. 67. № 5
DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-10-17
A.S. Zhirnik, A.V. Rodina, Yu.P. Semochkina,
O.V. Vysotskaya, O.D. Smirnova, M.G. Ratushnyak,
E.Yu. Moskaleva
COGNITIVE DISTURBANCES AND THE STATE OF BRAIN GLIAL CELLS IN MICE EXPOSED TO FRACTIONATED WHOLE-BRAIN IRRADIATION
National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: A.S. Zhirnik, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To investigate the effect of fractionated whole-brain γ-irradiation at a cumulative dose of 20 Gy on cognitive functions, the state of brain glial cells and expression of multiple cytokines in mice 2 months after exposure.
Material and methods: Male C57Bl/6 mice were exposed to fractionated head γ-irradiation with 5 doses of 4 Gy. Two months after irradiation the behavior and cognitive functions of animals were assessed. After isolation of cells from mice brains the content of resting and activated microglia, microglial cells with M1- and M2-phenotype, astrocytes, proliferating cells were evaluated, and the hippocampal mRNA levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, TGFβ) were determined.
Results: It was shown that fractionated head γ-irradiation didn’t alter the locomotor activity and associative (context fear) memory, but reduced the episodic memory in novel object recognition test (discrimination index was 0.44 ± 0.08 и 0.02 ± 0.09 in control and irradiated groups, respectively) and spatial memory in Morris water maze (time in target quadrant was 46,8 ± 2,4 % and 37,4 ± 2,8 % in control and irradiated groups, respectively). Exposure of γ-radiation significantly reduced the brain contents of microglial cells (Iba1+) and astrocytes (GFAP+) with concurrent 2.5 times increase in proportion of activated microglia (from 2.0 ± 0.2 % in control to 4.9 ± 0.5 % in irradiated mice), changed the M1- / M2-microglia ratio and significantly decreased the number of proliferating cells (BrdU+) and proliferating microglial cells (BrdU+/Iba1+). An increase in mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα, a decrease in mRNA level of anti-inflammatory cytokine TGFβ and concurrent increase in mRNA level of IL-4 were detected in hippocampus 2 months after irradiation.
Conclusion: We show that fractionated head γ-irradiation at a cumulative dose of 20 Gy reduces the episodic and spatial memory in mice 2 months after exposure. Cognitive dysfunctions detected are associated with neuroinflammation characterized by increasing proportion of activated brain microglia and altered hippocampal pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine profile.
Keywords: brain, hippocampus, microglia, activated microglia, astrocytes, neuroinflammation, cytokines, gene expression, fractionated irradiation, cognitive function, mice
For citation: Zhirnik AS, Rodina AV, Semochkina YuP, Vysotskaya OV, Smirnova OD, Ratushnyak MG, Moskaleva EYu. Cognitive Disturbances and the State of Brain Glial Cells in Mice Exposed to Fractionated Whole-Brain Irradiation. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022;67(5):10–17. (In Russian). DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-10-17
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. Research Center Kurchatov Institute.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.06.2022. Accepted for publication: 25.08.2022.