JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2023. Vol. 68. № 5
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2023-68-5-44-49
I.A. Galstian, A.Yu. Bushmanov, N.A. Metlyaeva, M.V. Konchalovsky,
V.Yu. Nugis, F.S. Torubarov, O.V. Shcherbatykh, Z.F. Zvereva, L.A. Yunanova
State of Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis in Chronic Radiation Disease Patients, Irradiated with Different Dose Rates
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: I.А. Galstyan, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: to study the features of the state of the bone marrow according to cytological and histological studies at different periods of the course of CRD, caused by exposure to different dose rates, which developed as a result of professional prolonged exposure in a cohort of former employees of a radiation hazardous enterprise who underwent inpatient examination at the clinic of the A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical and Biomedical Center in the period up to 1995.
Material and methods: the study of the results of cytological and histological studies of the bone marrow was carried out in former workers of the Mayak Production Association who were exposed to long-term industrial exposure with a dose rate of 0.008−0.07 Gy / day
(15 people), 0.003−0.007 Gy / day (12 people) and less than 0.001 Gy/day (25 people), during periods of formation, outcomes, immediate and long-term consequences of CRS. At the stage of studying the results of histological examination of the bone marrow, 54 more patients with CRS were added to the third group, irradiated with a dose rate of less than 0.001 Gy / day.
Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics software package.23 using the Kruskal‒Wallis test and the Mann‒Whitney U-test for independent samples. The results obtained were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.
Results: At a dose rate of 0.008−0.07 Gy / day during the formation period, the myelogram revealed narrowing of the granulocyte and expansion of the red germs, acceleration of maturation of granulocytes with a normal erythrocyte maturation index and leuko-erythroblast ratio. In peripheral blood – agranulocytosis. In the period of outcomes and immediate consequences − narrowing of the granulocytic, expansion of erythrocyte germs, acceleration of maturation of neutrophils with other myelogram parameters within normal limits. In the blood − agranulocytosis, anemic syndrome. In the long term, in the case of restoration of hematopoietic function, narrowing of the granulocytic germ with other myelogram parameters within the reference values. However, with a similar course of CRS in 60 % of patients in periods of outcomes and long-term consequences, the development of myelodysplastic syndrome with transformation into acute leukemia or aplastic anemia is possible.
At an irradiation dose rate of 0.003−0.007 Gy / day in the period of CRD formation, the myelogram revealed an expansion of the granulocytic germ, with other indicators within the normal range. In the period of outcomes and immediate consequences, an acceleration of maturation of granulocytes and an increase in the leuko-erythroblastic ratio were found. In the long term, a narrowing of the granulocytic and expansion of the erythrocyte sprouts, a slight acceleration of the maturation of granulocytes were found. Hystological examination: polymorphocellular bone marrow – in 11 out of 25 patients, hypoplasia – in 9 out of 25, signs of hyperplasia – in 5 out of 25. In the long term, 2 patients from this group developed oncohematological diseases.
At an irradiation power of less than 0.001 Gy / day, during all periods of CRD, normal values of granulocytic and erythrocyte sprouts were noted in the myelograms of patients. In the period of CRD formation, the normal size of the granulocytic germ was achieved due to the accelerated maturation of neutrophils. The leuko-erythroblastic ratio in the period of long-term consequences was significantly higher than the norm (5.29 and 4.5, respectively). Hystological examination: 32 out of 64 patients had polymorphocellular bone marrow, 22 out of 64 had hypoplastic bone marrow, 7 out of 64 had bone marrow hyperplasia.
Conclusion: regular changes in hematopoietic tissue and peripheral blood in CRD can serve as diagnostic criteria, based on which it is possible to assume the dose rate of radiation to which the patient was exposed, and also on their basis, it is possible to predict the outcome and long-term consequences of CRD that developed as a result of this exposure.
Keywords: occupational exposure, tissue reactions, radiation dose rate, chronic radiation disease, bone marrow syndrome, cytological examination of bone marrow, histological examination of bone marrow
For citation: Galstian IA, Bushmanov AYu, Metlyaeva NA, Konchalovsky MV, Nugis VYu, Torubarov FS, Shcherbatykh OV, Zvere-
va ZF, Yunanova LA. State of Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis in Chronic Radiation Disease Patients, Irradiated with Different Dose Rates. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2023;68(5):44–49. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2023-68-5-44-49
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.04.2023. Accepted for publication: 27.05.2023.