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The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 5
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-5-75-81
I.A. Galstyan, A.Yu. Bushmanov, M.V. Konchalovsky,
V.Yu. Nugis, N.A. Metlyaeva, O.V. Shcherbatykh, L.A. Yunanova
Peripheral Blood Indices at Different Periods of Chronic Radiation Syndrome (Literature Review)
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: I.A. Galstyan, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
The article reviews literature data on the state of peripheral blood in different periods of chronic radiation syndrome (CRS). In the period of disease formation in workers of the Mayak Production Association when working under high dose rate irradiation conditions, the time of development of clinical manifestations was determined by the rate of accumulation of the threshold dose value and ranged from 1–2 to 5–8 years. Patients showed moderate leukopenia (2.6–4.0 × 109/l with normal values of 5.0–8.0 × 109/l), thrombocytopenia (70.0-160.0 × 109/l with the normal values of 200.0–300.0 × 109/l). In more severe cases, mainly at high dose rates (more than 1.0 Gy/year), anemic syndrome developed. Damage to hematopoiesis in most cases (except for 2 patients) did not reach the degree of aplastic anemia.
The population of the Techa River basin was more heterogeneous in age and health at the time of the onset of radiation exposure, which predetermined the characteristics of the clinical manifestations of CRS. A shortening of the latent period of CRS in children was noted. There were no cases of CRS of grade III severity. Anemic syndrome of radiation genesis was not observed. All identified anemias were associated with iron deficiency.
After the cessation of contact with gamma radiation, blood counts were restored, reaching physiological levels in the near future. The concentration of platelets reached the normal value, as a rule, within the next 5 years after withdrawal from production conditions. Leukopenia persisted for up to 25 years, especially in patients with CRS of grade III severity.
The reaction of the hematopoietic system to chronic intake of radionuclides is determined by the patterns of their distribution in the body. In the presence of incorporated osteotropic radionuclides, signs of incomplete hematopoiesis regeneration persisted in patients after cessation of irradiation.
Keywords: chronic radiation syndrome, peripheral blood, accumulated dose, dose rate, osteotropic radionuclides, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia
For citation: Galstyan IA, Bushmanov AYu, Konchalovsky MV, Nugis VYu, Metlyaeva NA, Shcherbatykh OV, Yunanova LA. Peripheral Blood Indices at Different Periods of Chronic Radiation Syndrome (Literature Review). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(5):75–81. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-5-75-81
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.05.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2025.