JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019. Vol. 64. No. 5. P. 42–47
DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-5-42-47
Yu.A. Kurachenko1, H.A. Onischuk2,3, Eu.S. Matusevich3, V.V. Korobeynikov4
High-Intensity Bremsstrahlung of Electron Accelerator in Photoneutron and Radioisotopes Production for Medicine
1. Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia. E-mail:
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;
2. Rosatom Technical Academy, Obninsk, Russia;
3. Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, NRNU MEPhI, Russia;
4. A.I. Leypunsky Institute for Physics and Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia
Yu.A. Kurachenko – Chief Researcher, Dr. Sci. Phys.-Math.;
H.A. Onischuk – Postgraduate Student;
Eu.S. Matusevich – Professor of MEPhI, Dr. Sci. Phys.-Math.;
V.V. Korobeynikov – Chief Researcher, Dr. Sci. Phys.-Math.
Abstract
Purpose: To study the binary possibility of using the available linear electron accelerators for the neutron therapy and radioisotopes production. For both applications, calculations were performed and the results were normalized to the characteristics of the Mevex accelerator (average electron current 4 mA at a monoenergetic electron beam 35 MeV). It turns out that the production of both photoneutrons and radioisotopes is effective when using bremsstrahlung radiation generated in the giant dipole resonance of a heavy metal target.
Material and methods: The unifying problem for both applications is the task of target cooling: at beam power ~ 140 kW, half of it or more is deposited directly in the target. Therefore the liquid heavy metal was selected as a target, in order to conjoin high thermohydraulics quality with maximal productivity both bremsstrahlung radiation and photoneutrons. The targets were optimized using precise codes for radiation transport and thermohydraulics problems. The optimization was also carried out for the installations as a whole: 1) for the composition of the material and configuration of the photoneutron extraction unit for neutron capture therapy (NCT) and 2) for the scheme of bremsstrahlung generation for radioisotopes production.
Results: The photoneutron block provides an acceptable beam quality for NCT with a high neutron flux density at the output ~2·1010 cm–2s–1, which is an order of magnitude higher than the values at the output of the reactor beams that worked in the past and are currently being designed for neutron capture therapy. As for radioisotopes production, using optimal reaction channel (γ, n) 43 radioisotopes in 5 groups were received. For example, by the Mo100(γ,n)99Mo reaction the precursor 99Mo of main diagnostic nuclide 99mTc with specific activity ~6 Ci/g and total activity of the target 1.8 kCi could be produced after 1 day irradiation exposure.
Conclusion: The proposed schemes of neutron and bremsstrahlung generation and extraction have a number of obvious advantages over traditional techniques: a) the applying of the electron accelerators for neutron production is much safer and cheaper than to use conventional reactor beams; b) accelerator with the target, the beam output unit with the necessary equipment and tooling can be placed on the territory of the clinic without any problems; c) the proposed target for NCT is liquid gallium, which also serves as a coolant; it is an “environmentally friendly” material, its activation is rather low and rapidly (in ~4 days) falls to the background level.
Key words: industrial electron accelerator, bremsstrahlung, photoneutrons, neutron capture therapy, radioisotopes for medicine
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For citation: Kurachenko YuA, Onischuk HA, Matusevich EuS, Korobeynikov VV. High-Intensity Bremsstrahlung of Electron Accelerator in Photoneutron and Radioisotopes Production for Medicine. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019;64(5):42-7. (English).
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