Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 6
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-6-102-107
I.A. Galstyan, A.Yu. Bushmanov, M.V. Konchalovsky,
V.Yu. Nugis, N.A. Metlyaeva, O.V. Shcherbatykh, L.A. Yunanova
Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis of Chronic Radiation Syndrome (Literature Review)
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: I.A. Galstyan, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
The literature data on the state of bone marrow hematopoiesis in patients with chronic radiation syndrome (CRS) are presented. Former employees of the Mayak software who were diagnosed with CRS showed moderate hypoplasia of granulocytopoiesis and megakaryocytopoiesis during the period of disease formation, while maintaining or activating erythropoiesis. At the same time, there was no marked suppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis in residents of the polluted territory in the Southern Urals during the period of CRS formation, however, a statistically significant decrease in the number of erythroblasts and an increase in the number of oxyphilic normocytes (more than 5.6 %) were detected, which may indicate accelerated maturation of erythrocaryocytes. Partial erythropoiesis hyperplasia was noted with high statistical significance in 34.2 % of the irradiated patients, and in 81.6 % there was a delay in maturation of neutrophil granulocytes at the myelocyte level (neutrophil maturation index >1.0), which may be due to functional insufficiency of granulopoiesis. In the long-term period (12–25 years after the cessation of radiation), hematopoiesis remained normal in individuals exposed to doses up to 2 Gy and with absorbed doses in the skeleton up to 1 Sv, according to the study of bone marrow punctures and trepan biopsies. Hypoplastic changes in the bone marrow were observed during irradiation with a dose rate of more than 1 Gy /year and with the incorporation of plutonium exceeding the maximum permissible content by more than 5 times.
Keywords: bone marrow hematopoiesis, chronic radiation syndrome, period of formation, period of long-term consequences, bone marrow punctate, trepanobioptat
For citation: Galstyan IA, Bushmanov AYu, Konchalovsky MV, Nugis VYu, Metlyaeva NA, Shcherbatykh OV, Yunanova LA. Bone Marrow Hematopoiesis of Chronic Radiation Syndrome (Literature Review). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(6):102–107. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-6-102-107
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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.07.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.08.2025.