Issues journals
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026. Vol. 71. № 3
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-11-18
V.I. Arkhipova¹, A.M. Lyaginskaya¹, O.V. Parinov¹, R.M. Sarimov², S.A. Abdullaev¹,²
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Ovaries and Blood Lymphocytes of Mice and their Offspring after Exposure to X-Ray Radiation
1 A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
² A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: V.I. Arkhipova, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To experimentally investigate the long-term effects of X-ray irradiation at a dose of 2 Gy in female mice and the transgenerational transmission of mitochondrial dysfunction to their offspring.
Materials and methods: In the blood lymphocytes and ovarian tissue of irradiated female mice (one month post-exposure) and their F1 offspring, we assessed damage to nuclear (nDNA) and mitochondrial (mtDNA) DNA using long-range quantitative PCR (Q-PCR); the total mtDNA copy number; the level of mutant mtDNA copies (D-loop 1 gene); and markers of oxidative stress, namely malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH).
Results: A tissue-specific response was observed in irradiated females. Lymphocytes showed no gross nDNA damage (normal Q-PCR), alongside a moderate increase in mtDNA mutations (+8%) and a trend toward reduced mtDNA copy number. In the ovaries of irradiated females, we registered a persistent decrease in Q-PCR product yield, a significant reduction in mtDNA copy number, the highest level of mutations (+11%), and elevated MDA. Offspring of irradiated females exhibited an increased level of mutant mtDNA copies in both lymphocytes (+8%) and ovaries (+11%); however, a decrease in Q-PCR products and elevated MDA were observed only in the ovaries. GSH levels did not change significantly in any of the groups.
Conclusion: The obtained data indicate the inheritance not so much of fixed mtDNA mutations, but rather of a dysfunctional mitochondrial phenotype (characterized by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation). This phenotype is realized in the offspring in a tissue-specific manner, depending on the proliferative activity and metabolic load. These results substantiate the necessity of considering mitochondrial status when assessing long-term reproductive risks in women exposed to radiation.
Keywords: mitochondrial DNA, ionizing radiation, oxidative stress, ovaries, lymphocytes, transgenerational effects, long-range PCR, mtDNA, mitochondrial dysfunction, mice
For citation: Arkhipova VI, Lyaginskaya AM, Parinov OV, Sarimov RM, Abdullaev SA. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Ovaries and Blood Lymphocytes of Mice and their Offspring after Exposure to X-Ray Radiation Express diagnostics of the health condition of workers in hazardous industries. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026;71(3):11–18. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-11-18
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.02.2026. Accepted for publication: 25.03.2026.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026. Vol. 71. № 3
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-19-23
A.V. Simakov1, Yu.V. Abramov1, G.L. Goncharenko2, I.A. Kemsky3, N.L. Proskuryakova1, A.F. Bobrov1
Hygienic Assessment of the Organization of Work on the Removal of SNF from a Basin-Type Storage Facility in the Andreev Bay Branch of the NWC «SevRAO» – Branch of FSUE «Radon»
1 A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
2 North-Western Center (NWC) “SevRAO” ‒ branch of FSUE “Radon”, Murmansk region, Murmansk, Russia
3 Interregional Department No. 120 of the FMBA of Russia, Murmansk region, Snezhnogorsk, Russia
Contact person: N.L. Proskuryakova, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To experimentally investigate the long-term effects of X-ray irradiation at a dose of 2 Gy in female mice and the transgenerational transmission of mitochondrial dysfunction to their offspring.
Materials and methods: In the blood lymphocytes and ovarian tissue of irradiated female mice (one month post-exposure) and their F1 offspring, we assessed damage to nuclear (nDNA) and mitochondrial (mtDNA) DNA using long-range quantitative PCR (Q-PCR); the total mtDNA copy number; the level of mutant mtDNA copies (D-loop 1 gene); and markers of oxidative stress, namely malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH).
Results: A tissue-specific response was observed in irradiated females. Lymphocytes showed no gross nDNA damage (normal Q-PCR), alongside a moderate increase in mtDNA mutations (+8%) and a trend toward reduced mtDNA copy number. In the ovaries of irradiated females, we registered a persistent decrease in Q-PCR product yield, a significant reduction in mtDNA copy number, the highest level of mutations (+11%), and elevated MDA. Offspring of irradiated females exhibited an increased level of mutant mtDNA copies in both lymphocytes (+8%) and ovaries (+11%); however, a decrease in Q-PCR products and elevated MDA were observed only in the ovaries. GSH levels did not change significantly in any of the groups.
Conclusion: The obtained data indicate the inheritance not so much of fixed mtDNA mutations, but rather of a dysfunctional mitochondrial phenotype (characterized by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation). This phenotype is realized in the offspring in a tissue-specific manner, depending on the proliferative activity and metabolic load. These results substantiate the necessity of considering mitochondrial status when assessing long-term reproductive risks in women exposed to radiation.
Keywords: mitochondrial DNA, ionizing radiation, oxidative stress, ovaries, lymphocytes, transgenerational effects, long-range PCR, mtDNA, mitochondrial dysfunction, mice
For citation: Simakov AV, Abramov YuV, Goncharenko GL, Kemsky IA, Proskuryakova NL, Bobrov AF. Hygienic Assessment of the Organization of Work on the Removal of SNF from a Basin-Type Storage Facility in the Andreev Bay Branch of the NWC «SevRAO» – Branch of FSUE «Radon». Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026;71(3):19–23. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-19-23
References
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.02.2026. Accepted for publication: 25.03.2026.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026. Vol. 71. № 3
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-24-29
A.V. Efimov, S.A. Sypko, A.B. Sokolova, E.E. Aladova
Review of Actinide Intake Cases Through Damaged Skin in Workers of the Mayak Production Association for the Period from 2010 to 2024
Southern Urals Biophysics Institute of FMBA of Russia, Ozersk, Chelyabinsk region, Russia
Contact person: E.E. Aladova, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Analysis of the results of special dosimetric monitoring of acute actinides intake through the wound into the body for the Mayak PA workers that have occurred over the past 15 years.
Material and methods: Actinide dosimetry, both in current individual dosimetric monitoring and in cases of acute radionuclide intake, is based on the results of the nuclide body burden determination by two methods: direct human radiation spectrometry and the interpretation of the measurements results of the nuclide activity in excreta.
Results: During the period from 2010 till 2024, 68 cases of acute intake of actinides into the body for the Mayak PA workers were detected, both by inhalation (70% cases) and through damaged skin (30% cases), the number of cases of intake through damaged skin prevails over the inhalation route of intake of actinides. With acute inhalation intake, in 25% of cases, the value of committed effective dose exceeded the limit of 20 mSv, and for wound intake, 11% of cases resulted in increased exposure, while for three cases of increased exposure, the value of committed effective dose exceeded 200 mSv. The effectiveness of specialized medical care and the effectiveness of treatment directly depends on the time of detection of skin damage.
Conclusion: When forming internal doses of Mayak workers, the intake of actinides through damaged skin is no less significant than inhalation. The optimal control system includes not only prompt examination of workers in the first hours after skin damage, but also ensures the detection of latent wounds contaminated with radionuclides. Early detection of wound cases and obtaining the required information on the internal radiation doses of workers is extremely important to improve the medical response and minimize the adverse effects of radiation as much as possible.
Keywords: internal exposure, actinide intake, damaged skin, individual dosimetric monitoring
For citation: Efimov AV, Sypko SA, Sokolova AB, Aladova EE. Review of Actinide Intake Cases Through Damaged Skin in Workers of the Mayak Production Association for the Period from 2010 to 2024. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026;71(3):24–29. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-24-29
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The work was financing by Federal Medical and Biological Agency within the framework of the Federal Target Program “Ensuring nuclear and radiation safety for 2016-2020 and for the period up to 2035”.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.02.2026. Accepted for publication: 25.03.2026.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026. Vol. 71. № 3
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-30-33
E.V. Goloborodko, A.S. Kretov, D.Yu. Makarov
Non-Drug Methods of Increasing the Radioresistance (Literature Review)
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: E.V. Goloborodko, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Ionizing radiation poses a significant health threat, causing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and systemic inflammation. In addition to pharmacological protective measures and radioprotectors, interest in non-pharmacological strategies aimed at enhancing endogenous defenses is growing. This review systematizes current data on non-pharmacological methods for enhancing radioresistance, including diet, lifestyle modification, and the use of natural bioactive compounds. We analyze their mechanisms of action, including activation of antioxidant systems (the Nrf2 pathway), induction of DNA repair, and modulation of the immune response and microbiome. A combination of several approaches is most effective.
Keywords: radioresistance, enhancing, non-drug approaches, oxidative stress, antioxidants, calorie restriction, Nrf2, microbiome, review
For citation: Goloborodko EV, Kretov AS, Makarov DYu. Non-Drug Methods of Increasing the Radioresistance (Literature Review). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026;71(3):30–33. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-30-33
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.02.2026. Accepted for publication: 25.03.2026.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026. Vol. 71. № 3
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-34-41
M.I. Grachev, S.V. Taldytov, I.N. Sheyno, L.E. Karl, A.G. Tsovyanov, V.P. Kryuchkov
Certain Approaches to Validation of the Dominant Network of Monitoring Points for Radiation Situation in Case of an Emergency
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: M.I. Grachev, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , V.P. Kryuchkov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To substantiate the network configuration for the placement of measurement points for ambient dose equivalent rate of γ-radiation (ADER) from fallout resulting from an accidental release, taking into account the settlement’s metric – that is, to determine the minimum number of detectors required while ensuring maximum territorial coverage by detection zones. This approach will reduce both the operational time and, consequently, the radiation doses received by personnel conducting radiological monitoring.
Material and methods: To address the problem of substantiating the ADER measurement network, the principle of maximal spatial coverage was employed, implemented through the calculation of a visibility matrix (VM) for all possible pairs of observation points.
Results: Several computational algorithms were used in this study. The most resource-intensive is the calculation of the VM of a set of vertices, due to the need to render images in the Cycles Blender 3D graphics program. The proposed computational algorithm allows for the calculation of the location and minimum number of the ADER measurement points, taking into account the locality metrics, without preliminary emission assessment and meteorological forecasting.
Conclusion: The proposed approach can be used to justify a program for conducting radiation monitoring in the event of a radiation accident.
Keywords: radiation accident, radioactive fallout, DER measurement points, visibility matrix, Cycles Blender 3D graphics program
For citation: Grachev MI, Taldytov SV, Sheyno IN, Karl LE, Tsovyanov AG, Kryuchkov VP. Certain Approaches to Validation of the Dominant Network of Monitoring Points for Radiation Situation in Case of an Emergency. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026;71(3):34–41. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-3-34-41
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.02.2026. Accepted for publication: 25.03.2026.