Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 4. P. 18–24

Changes in the Cortex Neurons in Single and Fractional Gamma Radiation

I.B. Ushakov, V.P. Fyodorov

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: Vladimir Petrovich Fyodorov: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.  

Abstract

Purpose: Comparative assessment of radiation-induced changes in neurons of the cerebral cortex after a single and fractionated exposure to ionizing radiation in doses of 0.1 – 1.0 Gy.

Material and methods. The study was carried out in compliance with the rules of bioethics on 180 white outbred male rats at the age of 4 months. by the beginning of the experiment, exposed to a single or fractionated exposure to γ-quanta of 60Co in total doses of 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0 Gy. Neuromorphological and histochemical methods were used to assess morphometric and tinctorial parameters of nerve cells, as well as changes in the content of protein and nucleic acids in neurons in the early and late periods of the post-radiation period. Using one-way analysis of variance, a comparative assessment of neuromorphological indicators under various modes of radiation exposure is given.

Results: In the control and irradiated animals throughout their life, undulating changes in the indicators of the state of the neurons of the brain occur with a gradual decrease by the end of the experiment. Despite a number of features of the dynamics of neuromorphological parameters, these irradiation regimes do not cause functionally significant changes in the neurons of the cortex. However, in some periods of the post-radiation period, the changes under the studied irradiation regimes were multidirectional and did not always correspond to age control. Significant differences in the response of neurons to these modes of radiation exposure in the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex have not been established.

Conclusion: No functionally significant radiation-induced changes in neurons were found either with single or fractionated irradiation. At the same time, different modes of irradiation in general caused the same type of changes in neurons. However, in some periods of observation, changes in neuromorphological parameters under the studied irradiation regimes were not unidirectional and differed from age control, which indicates a possible risk of disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system against the background of other harmful and dangerous factors.

Keywords: low doses of radiation, irradiation, brain, changes in neurons, rats

For citation: Ushakov IB, Fyodorov VP. Changes in the Cortex Neurons in Single and Fractional Gamma Radiation. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(4):18-24.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-4-18-24

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 16.03.2021. 

Accepted for publication: 21.04.2021.