Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2013. Vol. 58. No. 3. P. 56-70

REVIEW

I.K. Belyaev, E.S. Zhorova, V.S. Kalistratova, P.G. Nisimov, I.M. Parfenova, G.S. Тischenko

Radio-active Caesium. Report 2: Acceleration of Elimination

Burnasyan Federal Medical Byophisical Center of the FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Purpose: To systematize literature and our own data on the accelerated elimination of radioactive cesium from the body, analysis of the problem on therapy and prophylaxis of cesium injuries.

Results: We present an analytical overview on the mechanisms of internal with radioactive cesium irradiation and corresponding protective means. A comparative analysis of decorporative preparations has been conducted.

Conclusions: The most effective mechanism for accelerated elimination of radiocaesium from the body and reducing the absorbed dose is sorption. Natural minerals, natural pectins and other foodstuff fibres are able to absorb up to 30–40 % of radioactive caesium, preventing its entering to blood circulation from the gastrointestinal tract. However their decorporative efficiency is not more than moderate. Ferrocyanide preparations, including ferrocyn, efficiency of which can reach 99 %, are leaders in the line of preparations tested as the blockers of 137Cs intake.

It is important to determine the level of radiocaesium intake at which the antidotes intervention is necessary.

The probleme of prevention of late consequences after prolong fwerrocin use remains unexplored since it is recommended for use not longer than 30 days.

Key words: Caesium, radionuclide, ionizing radiation, incorporation, dekorporation, sorbents, minerals, pectin, ferrocyanides