Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020. Vol. 65. No. 2. P. 27–33
V.A. Rozhko1, I.V. Veyalkin2, T.M. Sharshakova1
Primary Incidence of Autoimmune Tyroiditis in the Republic of Belarus and Radiation Factor
1 Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus
2 Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel, Belarus
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Abstract
Actuality: In the Belarus, the primary incidence of thyroid pathology is in the 2d rank among endocrine diseases after diabetes. Studying the trends in the primary incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in the Belarus is important for improving organizational decisions and further improving the quality of medical care for the population.
Purpose: Is to conduct a comparative analysis of the incidence of AIT in the population and in the affected population based on an epidemiological study in the Belarus, taking into account the radiation and organizational components in the formation of pathology.
Material and methods: The data of the republican statistical reports and the data of the Chernobyl Register from 1997 to 2017 were analyzed. Standard methods of descriptive epidemiology were used in the work.
Results: According to Chernobyl Registry, during the observation period (1997–2017), the primary incidence of AIT decreased by 1.4 times (1997 – 135.1 ± 15.77 0/0000; 2017 – 98.4 ± 7.55 0/0000). The incidence was statistically significantly higher in women than men (ratios ranged from 2.39:1 in 2004 to 4.0:1 in 2000). Moreover, the incidence according to Chernobyl Registry was higher than in the adult population, but in children where was no difference with population data. This indicates a high-quality clinical examination of the children’s population. Two organizational and medical approaches have been formed in the republic. The first approach (Grodno, Brest, Minsk regions and Minsk) is characterized by periods of moderate growth, decline, and growth again. In the second approach (Vitebsk, Mogilev and Gomel regions), there are two periods when the increase in incidence sharply changes to decrease before the end of the study period. An analysis of the odds ratio allowed us to conclude that insignificant effect of radioactive iodine on the incidence of AIT in children at the time of the accident and its absence in the adult population.
Conclusion: The study confirms the importance of the organizational component in the early diagnosis of AIT.
Key words: autoimmune thyroiditis, primary incidence, organizational medical approach, radiation factor, Belarus
For citation: Rozhko VA, Veyalkin IV, Sharshakova TM. Primary Incidence of Autoimmune Tyroiditis in the Republic of Belarus and Radiation Factor. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020;65(2):27-33. (In Russ.).
DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-2-27-33
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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 26.02.2020.
Accepted for publication: 12.03.2020.