Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026. Vol. 71. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-4-21-31
E.E. Karmanova1, S.B. Parfenyuk1, O.V. Glushkova1, S.V. Gudkov2, V.I. Novoselov1, M.G. Sharapov1
THE ROLE OF PEROXIREDOXINS IN THE RADIORESISTANCE OF CANCER CELLS
1 Institute of Cell Biophysics, Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russia
2 A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: M.G. Sharapov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Peroxiredoxins (Prdxs) are a family of thiol-dependent peroxidases involved in controlling intracellular ROS levels, redox signaling, protein folding, and the regulation of numerous signaling pathways. In cancer cells, Prdxs help maintain redox balance and support oncogenic processes, promoting proliferation, survival, and adaptation to oxidative stress. During radiotherapy, Prdxs act as key mediators of radioresistance. Their contribution to radioresistance stems from their involvement in the reduction of a broad range of hydroperoxides, the repair of DNA damage, metabolic reprogramming, maintenance of phenotypic plasticity, remodeling of the tumor microenvironment, and the regulation of various forms of cell death (apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis).
This review summarizes current knowledge on the structural and functional characteristics of different Prdx isoforms and their regulation, as well as the mechanisms through which they participate in the cellular response to ionizing radiation. Promising strategies for overcoming radioresistance are discussed, including the use of Prdx inhibitors, their combination with targeted therapies, and approaches aimed at redox modulation and suppression of stress-adaptive mechanisms in cancer cells.
Keywords: peroxiredoxins, reactive oxygen species, cancer, radiotherapy, radioresistance, cell death
For citation: Karmanova EE, Parfenyuk SB, Glushkova OV, Gudkov SV, Novoselov VI, Sharapov MG. The Role of Peroxiredoxins in the Radioresistance of Cancer Cells. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2026;71(4):21–31. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2026-71-4-21-31
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Conflict of interest.The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 24-24-00070.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2026. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2026.