Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020. Vol. 65. No. 1. P. 5–12

V.A. Brunchukov, T.A. Astrelina, V.A. Nikitina, I.V. Kobzeva, Yu.B. Suchkova, D.Yu. Usupzhanova, A.A. Rastorgueva, T.V. Karaseva, T.V. Gordeev, O.A. Maxsimova, L.A. Naumova, S.V. Lischuk, E.A. Dubova, K.A. Pavlov, V.A. Brumberg, A.E. Makhova, E.E. Lomonosova, E.I. Dobrovolsskaya, I.M. Barabash, A.Yu. Bushmanov, A.S. Samoilov

Experimental Treatment of Radiation Skin Lesions with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Conditioned Media

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Purpose: To study the regeneration processes in the treatment of radiation skin lesions with the mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from human gingiva and their conditional medium concentrate (CCM) during animal studies.

Material and methods: The study includes 80 white male Wistar rats weighing 210 ± 30 g at the age of 8–12 weeks, randomized into 4 groups (20 animals in each): control group (C), animal did not receive treatment; control with the introduction of the conditional medium concentrate (CCM) three times on days 1, 14 and 21; the introduction of MSC in a dose of 2 million cells per 1 kg three times on days 1, 14 and 21; the introduction of CCM in the estimated dose of 2 million cells per 1 kg three times on days 1, 14 and 21. Radiation burn simulation was performed (using on an X-ray unit at a dose of 110 Gy) and each animal was observed 17 times: at days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91, 98, 105 and 112. Histological (stained with hematoxylin-eosin) and immunohistochemical (CD31, CD68, and VEGF) studies were performed. MSC was cultivated according to the standard procedure up to passages 3–5, the conditioned medium was collected and concentrated 10 times. The MSC immunophenotype (CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105, CD73, HLA-DR) and viability (7-ADD) were determined using flow cytometry.

Results: Under the assessment of the animal skin on the day 7 in the CCM group, the area was significantly larger compared to the C, MSC, CM groups (р ≤ 0.05). In the CM group on the day 14 the area of the open wound surface and ulcers from day 28 to day 42 was significantly less, compared with the C, MSC and CCM groups (р ≤ 0.05). In group C, from 42 to 77 days of observation, an increase in the area of skin ulcers was observed compared with the CM and CCM groups (р ≤ 0.05). On the day 112, healing of skin ulcers in the CM group was observed in 40 %, in the MSC group in 60 %, and only in 20 % of animals in the CCM group, and in the C group it was not registered. Expression of VEGF marker on endothelial cells and stromal cells was observed in groups C and CM on day 28 and in groups MSCs and CCM on day 112. On the 28th day in the MSC group, the average number of vessels (CD31) in the field of view was 6.0, and on day 112 it was 12.75, р ≤ 0.05, in the CCM group – 19.10 and 28.6, respectively, р ≤ 0.05. An increase in the number of macrophages (CD68) was found in group C from 28 to 112 days (11.6 and 24.73, р ≤ 0.05), and in the CM group the decrease was 22.1 and 13.07, respectively, р ≤ 0.05.

Conclusion: Thus, all used treatment modes of radiation skin lesions, including 3-fold administration of CM, MSC and CCM at a dose of 2 million cells per 1 kg, were effective and resulted in a reduction in the damage area, accelerated ulcer healing, and improvement of the regenerative processes. In addition, the use of MSCs led to the improvement of inflammatory processes’ vascularization and reduction in the radiation skin lesions.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, radiation skin lesions, conditioned medium, cellular technologies, X-rays, skin

For citation: Brunchukov VA, Astrelina TA, Nikitina VA, Kobzeva IV, Suchkova YuB, Usupzhanova DYu, Rastorgueva AA, Karaseva TV, Gordeev TV, Maxsimova OA, Naumova LA, Lischuk SV, Dubova EA, Pavlov KA, Brumberg VA, Makhova AE, Lomonosova EE, Dobrovolsskaya EI, Barabash IM, Bushmanov AYu, Samoilov AS. Experimental Treatment of Radiation Skin Lesions with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Conditioned Media. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020;65(1):5-0. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-1-5-12

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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study was financially supported by the Federal Target Program “Ensuring Nuclear and Radiation Safety for 2016–2020. and for the period until 2030”. A series of publications is planned based on the results of the studies.

Contribution: Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Compliance with the rules of bioethics. The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards for the treatment of animals adopted by the European Convention for the protection of vertebrates used for research and other scientific purposes.

Article received: 12.10.2018. Accepted for publication: 11.12.2019

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020. Vol. 65. No. 1. P. 17–21

A.R. Tukov¹, O.N. Prohorova¹, Y.V. Orlov¹, T.G. Talalaeva², E.M. Markova², A.S. Balkanov², T.G. Bushmanova²

Health Assessment of the Liquidators of the Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident – Workers of the Nuclear Industry of Russia and Residents of the Moscow Region

1. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia.
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ;
2. M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia

Abstract

Purpose: A comparative analysis of the health of the liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident, employees of enterprises and enterprises of the nuclear industry, and residents of the Moscow region.

Material and methods: The information bases of the Industrial Register of Persons Exposed to Radiation from the Chernobyl Accident and the Register of the Liquidators of the Consequences of the Chernobyl NPP Residents of the Moscow Region were used in the work. The development of the material was carried out according to the total morbidity and mortality rates of men + women in 2017 by disease classes (ICD-10). Statistical processing of the material was carried out in the Excel system; morbidity, mortality, their error, indicator structure (%), ratio indicator and reliability of the difference in indicators were calculated (p = 0.05 %).

Results: The results of the study showed that the incidence of some diseases is higher among the liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident – residents of the Moscow region: incidence of diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (ratio 2.0), urogenital system (ratio 1.7). There was a higher mortality from diseases of the digestive system among the liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident – residents of the Moscow region (ratio 1.8).

Conclusion: The difference in the health indicators of the studied cohorts can be explained by the difference in their age structure and the difference in dispensary observation. The need for further observation of this cohort of individuals to increase the power of the study is shown.

Key words: radiation accident, Chernobyl nuclear power plant, liquidators, morbidity, mortality, nuclear industry workers, residents of the Moscow region

For citation: Tukov AR, Prohorova ON, Orlov YuV, Talalaeva TG, Markova EM, Balkanov AS, Bushmanova TG. Health Assessment of the Liquidators of the Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident – Workers of the Nuclear Industry of Russia and Residents of the Moscow Region. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020;65(1):17-21. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-1-17-21

Список литературы / References

1. Богова ВС, Махонько МН, Шелехова ТВ, Шкробова НВ, Зайцева МР. Опыт наблюдения за состоянием здоровья ликвидаторов последствий аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС. Bulletin of Medical Internet Conferences. 2012;2(11):656. [Bogova VS, Maxon’ko MN, Shelexova TV, Shkrobova NV, Zajceva MR. The experience of monitoring the health of liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident. Bulletin of Medical Internet Conferences. 2012;2(11):656 (In Russ.)].
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 06.11.2019. Accepted for publication: 11.12.2019

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020. Vol. 65. No. 1. P.13–16

S.S. Somov

Determination of Radiation Exposure for Patients with Dental X-Ray Studies

Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Samara Region, Samara, Russia
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Purpose: Improving the quality of radiation assessment of patients of the medical institution of the dental profile using the calculated values of effective doses.

Material and methods: Using the RED-2018 and ORTO-2018 programs, the values of effective patient exposure doses for 29 medical organizations of the dental profile were calculated. The obtained values of the effective dose were compared with the values specified in the methodological recommendations MP 0100 / 1659-07-26 of February 16, 2007 “Filling of forms of federal state statistical observation 3-DOZ”.

Results: The analysis showed that the doses obtained using the RED-2018 and ORTO-2018 computer programs, respectively, are 21 and 14 times lower than the doses indicated in the methodological recommendations MP 0100 / 1659-07-26.

Conclusion: It is shown that the developed computer programs can be applied by a dentist practicing physician who performs an x-ray examination in order to automatically and reliably determine the patient’s dose when performing x-ray-mathematical studies in accordance with the guidelines of MU 2.6.1.2944-11 “Monitoring effective doses of patients during x-ray examinations” also used in the preparation of radiation hygienic passports of organizations and statistical form 3-DOZ. The indication of the actually calculated values of the effective dose of the patient, rather than repeatedly overestimated averages, will reduce the level of radiophobia in society.

Key words: absorbed radiation dose, dose determination, dose per procedure, X-ray diagnostic, dentistry

For citation: Somov SS. Determination of Radiation Exposure for Patients with Dental X-Ray Studies. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020;65(1):13-6. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-1-13-16

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6. Свидетельство о государственной регистрации программы для ЭВМ № 2018613383 «Программа для расчета эффективной дозы облучения пациентов РЭД-2018» (дата государственной регистрации в Реестре программ для ЭВМ 13 марта 2018 г.) [Certificate of state registration of computer program No. 2018613383 «Program for calculating the effective dose of radiation to patients RED-2018» (date of state registration in the Register of computer programs on March 13, 2018) (In Russ.)].
7. Свидетельство о государственной регистрации программы для ЭВМ № 2018616170 «Программа для расчета эффективной дозы облучения пациентов при рентгенологических стоматологических исследованиях ОРТО-2018» (дата государственной регистрации в Реестре программ для ЭВМ 24 мая 2018 г.) [Certificate of state registration of computer program No. 2018616170 «Program for calculating the effective dose of radiation of patients with dental x-ray studies ORTO-2018» (date of state registration in the Register of computer programs May 24, 2018) (In Russ.)].

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ORCID авторов/ ORCID authors’
С.С. Сомов / S.S. Somov https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-5815

Conflict of interest. The author declares no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Article received: 15.01.2019. Accepted for publication: 11.12.2019

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020. Vol. 65. No. 1. P. 22–26

A.S. Samoylov, Yu.G. Grigoriev

Brain Tumors and Cell EMF Radiobiological Criteria for Assessment Hazardous Population

A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia.
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Over the past ten years, the possibility of developing long-term consequences, in particular brain cancer in mobile phone users, has been actively discussed among the world scientific community. A number of international organizations still have the view that there is no absolute evidence for this. However, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (WHO) issued an official press release No. 208 of May 31, 2011, which classified radio frequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to the public (Group 2B), which is associated with the use of a mobile phone. This decision was based on the increased risk of developing glioma brain cancer, high malignancy brain cancer.
The IARC decision was preceded by a very long period of scientific confrontation. However, Russian radiobiologists predicted the possibility of developing brain tumors, auditory and vestibular analyzers.

Two classical experiments conducted in the USA (2016) and Italy (2018) – total irradiation of animals for two years or throughout their life from the perinatal period to their natural death, strengthened the opinion of most scientists about the possibility of developing a tumor process with prolonged exposure to RF EMF.

The article discusses the risks of developing brain cancer in users of mobile phones in the early stages of the development of cellular communications. No corresponding correlation was obtained. Further, the results of epidemiological studies obtained in a number of countries (USA, Sweden, Great Britain, Finland) were analyzed during the period of mass use of cellular communications by all segments of the population, including children.

Until now, studies have not been conducted by the international scientific community to justify standards, taking into account the local effects of cellular EMF on the user’s brain. There is no corresponding scientific base. In our opinion, the population is at high risk. We consider it necessary to inform the population about the possible danger of developing a brain tumor. There are serious reasons to strengthen preventive measures aimed at reducing the electromagnetic effect on the population.

Key words: radio-frequency electromagnetic fields, mobile phones, carcinogenic factor, brain tumors

For citation: Samoylov AS, Grigoriev YuG. Brain Tumors and Cell EMF Radiobiological Criteria for Assessment Hazardous Population. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020;65(1):22-6. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-1-22-26

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 05.11.2019. Accepted for publication: 11.12.2019