Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019. Vol. 64. No. 6. P. 44–50

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-44-50

Yu.L. Rybakov^1,2, V.M. Gukasov^1,2, Yu.P. Kozlov¹

Effect of General Impact of Weak Low Frequency Vortex Magnetic Field on the System of Natural Antitumor Resistance of the Body

1. Interregional Public Organization “Russian Ecological Society”, Moscow, Russia.
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ;
2. Federal Research Centre for Project Evaluation and Consulting Services, Moscow, Russia

Yu.L. Rybakov – Director, Dr. Sci. Biol.;
V.M. Gukasov – Chief Researcher, Dr. Sci. Biol.;
Yu.P. Kozlov – President, Dr. Sci. Biol.

Abstract

Purpose: Experimental study of the antitumor mechanism of increasing the functional activity of phagocytes with a general effect on the body of a weak low-frequency vortex magnetic field (VMP).
Material and methods: The functional activity of phagocytes was assessed upon activation by the intensity of chemiluminescence (CHL) on a Biolumat instrument (model LB 9500, by Berthold, Germany). Samples for in vitro and in vivo experiments were prepared according to generally accepted protocols. The impact of the VMP (Vmax = 3.0 mTl, f = 100 Hz) was performed using a Magnitoturbotron magnetotherapeutic installation (developed by NPF Az).

Results: It was found in vitro experiments that the exposure of a suspension of VMP cells stimulated an increase in CHL by 58 % relative to the control, while the main contribution to the intensity of the signal of the CHL was made by neutrophils. In the study of the blood CHL of mice with subcutaneously inoculated melanoma B-16, it was established that the value of the specific CHL in the experiment with VFM by the end of the observation period (day 17) increased sharply (3 times) relative to the beginning of the observation and to the control at the same observation period was 3.3 times more. Experiments with whole blood of healthy donors and patients with breast cancer showed that the CHL curves over time were biphasic in nature and had two maxima, but the phase ratio was different. At donors, the main luminescence developed by the 100th minute, and a maximum of 30–40 min was mild. In patients with breast cancer, the first maximum at 30–40 min was the main, the second maximum was weak and came later than that of donors. Experiments with the effects of VMP on the organism of healthy and patients with breast cancer of people showed an increase in the functional activity of neutrophils as a result of exposure to VMP, but in patients with breast cancer, the level of CHL was significantly (3 times) higher than of healthy donors. Based on the research, it was concluded that exposure to the VMP is able to form a priming neutrophil.

Сonclusion: It is shown that the overall effect of weak low-frequency VFM increases the level of nonspecific resistance of the organism to the tumor process, which expands the possibilities of rehabilitation of patients, allows expanding the compensatory capabilities of the body and reduce the risk of disease.

Key words: vortex magnetic field, magnetobiological effects, homeostasis, oxidation-reduction reactions, antitumor resistanse

REFERENCES

1. Deichman GI. The role of natural resistance in the body’s response to the occurrence, growth and metastasis of a tumor. Results of science and technology. Ser Oncology. 1984;13:46-97. (In Russian).
2. Carmody RJ, Cotter TG. Signaling apoptosis a radical approach. Redox Rep. 2001;6:77-90.
3. Di Carlo E, Forni G, Lollini P. The intriguing role of polymorphorphonucler neutrophils in antitumor reactions. Rev Am Soc Hematol. 2001;97:339-45.
4. Bru A, Albertos S, Lopez Garcia-Asenjo JA, Bru I. Pinning the Physical Response. Phys Rev Lett. 2004;92(23):238101-4.
5. Kashulina AP, Tereshchenko IP. The role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of malignant growth. Experimental Oncologist. 1985;7(6):3-8. (In Russian).
6. Palzev MA, Ivanov AA. Intercellular interactions. Moscow: Medicine. 1995. 224 p. (In Russian).
7. Fujii Y, Kimura S, Arai S, Sendo F. In vivo antitumor effect of lymphokine-activated rodent polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Cancer Res. 1987;47:6000-5.
8. Wang YL, Kaplan S, Whiteside T, Herberman RB. In vitro effects of an acyltripeptide, FK565, on antitumor effector, monocytes and granulocytes. Immunopharmacol. 989;18:213-22.
9. Igney FH, Behrens CK, Krammer PH. CD95L mediates tumor counterattack in vitro but induces neutrophil-independent tumor rejection in vivo. Int J Cancer. 2004;113:78-87.
10. Sandhu JK, Privora HF, Wenckebach G, Birnoim HCh. Neutrophils, nitric oxide, nitric oxide, and mutations in the mutatect murine tumor model. Am J Patbol. 2000;156:509-18.
11. McCourt M, Wang JH, Sookhai S, Redmond HP. Proinflammatory mediators stimulate neutrophil-directed angiogenesis. Arch Surg. 1999;134:1325-31.
12. Rybakov YuL, Kizhaev EV, Letyagin VP, Nikolaeva TG. System-wide magnetic therapy in oncology. Medical Physics. 2005(2):70-6. (In Russian).
13. Knyszynski AH. Fischer’s sprouting of the blood cells in the bloodstream, as measured by the zymosan-induced chemiluminescence. J Immunol. 1981;127(8):2508-11.
14. Letyagin VP, Protchenko NV, Rybakov YuL, Dobrynin YaV. Experience of use of the vortex magnetic field in the treatment of breast cancer. Questions of Oncology. 2003;49(6):748-51. (In Russian).
15. Mayansky AN, Mayansky DN. Essays on the neutrophil and macrophage. Novosibirsk: Science. 1983. 256 p. (In Russian).

For citation: Рыбаков Ю.Л., Гукасов В.М., Козлов Ю.П. Влияние низкочастотного вихревого магнитного поля на состояние системы естественной противоопухолевой резистентности организма. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019;64(6):44–50. (in Russian).

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-44-50

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019. Vol. 64. No. 6. P. 57–63

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-57-63

V.А. Lisin

On the Selection of the Neutron to Photon Dose Ratio in Neutron-Photon Therapy for Cancer

Cancer Research Institute of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center. Tomsk, Russia.
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

V.А. Lisin – Dr. Sci. Tech., Prof.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the methodological approaches to the prevention of radiation-induced complications after neutron-photon therapy considering the neutron-photon dose ratio in the tumor.

Material and methods: The linear-quadratic model (LQM) and principles of neutron and photon dose distributions in a tissue-equivalent medium were used. Cases with the highest risk of radiation-induced complications (treatment by a single or two opposite fields) were discussed. The number of neutron-photon therapy sessions to ensure a combined total neutron and photon dose was determined where the RBE concept was used. When calculating the total effect (TE) and TDF factor characterizing the damage to the irradiated tissue, the effect of the radiation field size and subcutaneous fat layer on their values was taken into account.

Results: Methods for selecting the ratio of the neutron and photon dose contribution to the total dose, providing the maximum permissible radiation dose, were developed. It was established that the dependences of TDF and TE factors and the differences in the values of the allowable number of photon therapy sessions on the depth of the tumor were less pronounced in cases with two opposite radiation fields compared to those with a single field. It can be explained by the fact that with increasing depth, an increase in the entrance dose is compensated by a decrease in the dose contribution formed during irradiation from the opposite field.

Conclusion: For neutron-photon therapy using a linear-quadratic model, methodical approaches that might be used to provide an acceptable level of radiation-induced skin reactions for any ratio of neutron-photon doses in a tumor were proposed. The use of these techniques for planning neutron-photon therapy will minimize the risk of radiation-induced complications.

Key words: neutron therapy, TDF factor, linear quadratic model, early radiation-induced reactions

REFERENCES

1. Musabaeva LI, Startseva ZhA, Gribova OV, et al. Novel technologies and theoretical models in radiation therapy of cancer patients using 6.3 MeV fast neutrons produced by U-120 cyclotron. AIP Conf. Proc. 2016;1760. 020050.
2. Velikaya VV, Musabaeva LI, Startseva ZhA, Lisin VA. 6.3 MeV fast neutrons in the treatment of patients with locally recurrent breast cancer. Problems in Oncology. 2015;61(4):583-5. (In Russian).
3. Musabaeva LI, Velikaya VV, Zhogina ZhA, Velichko SA. Risk of radiation-induced damage to normal tissues in neutron and neutron-photon therapy for local breast cancer recurrence. Bull Russ Military Med Acad. 2008;(3):182. (In Russian).
4. Velikaya VV, Musabaeva LI, Startseva ZhA. A case of radiation-induced damage to normal tissues after neutron-photon therapy for breast cancer. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2011;56(2):67-9. (In Russian).
5. Lisin VA. Linear-quadratic model in planning neutron therapy using U-120 cyclotron. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018;63(5):41-7. (In Russian).
6. Velikaya VV, Musabaeva LI, Lisin VA, Startseva ZhA. 6.3 MeV fast neutrons in the treatment of patients with locally advanced and locally recurrent breast cancer. AIP Conf. Proc. 2016;1760. 020069.
7. Gribova OV, Musabaeva LI, Choynzonov EL, et al. Neutron therapy for salivary and thyroid gland cancer. AIP Conf. Proc. 2016;1760. 020021.
8. Gribova OV, Musabaeva LI, Choynzonov EL, et al. The use of fast neutrons in treatment of head and neck cancer. Problems in Oncology. 2015;61(1):149-53. (In Russian).
9. Lisin VA. The method for optimizing dose fractionation in radiation therapy for cancer within the framework of Ellis concept. Medical Radiology. 1984;29(12):83-7. (In Russian).
10. Klepper LYa. Comparative analysis of the LQ model and the Ellis model in skin irradiation. Medical Physics. 2010(4):29-36. (In Russian).
11. Joiner MC, Bentzen SM. Fractionation: the linear-quadratic approach // In: Basic Clinical Radiobiology. Ed. by Joiner M C, van der Kogel A. 2009: 102-20.
12. Lisin VA. TDF model for fast neutron radiation therapy of malignant tumors. Medical Radiology. 1988;33(9):9-12. (In Russian).
13. Lisin VA. Estimation of the parameters of the linear-quadratic model in neutron therapy. Medical Physics. 2010(4):5-12. (In Russian).
14. Optimization of radiation therapy. Report at WHO Sci Meet. #644, Geneva,1982, 102 p.
15. Kondratjeva AG, Kolchuzhkin AM, Lisin VA, Tropin IS. Properties of absorbed dose distribution in heterogeneous media. J Phys: Conference Series. 2006;41(1):527-30.
16. Ivanov VI, Mashkovich VP, Tsenter EM. The international system of units in atromic science and technology. Moscow. 1981; 197 p. (In Russian).

For citation: Lisin VА. On the Selection of the Neutron to Photon Dose Ratio in Neutron-Photon Therapy for Cancer. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019;64(6):57–63. (in Russian).

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-57-63

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019. Vol. 64. No. 6. P. 51–56

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-51-56

V.P. Zolotnitskaia¹, V.I. Amosov¹, A.A. Speranskaia¹, А.V. Tishkov¹, V.A. Ratnikov²

Of Circulatory Disorders in the Lungs with the Development of Chronic Respiratory Failure in Patients with Common Interstitial Pneumonia

1. I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg Medical State University, St. Petersburg, Russia. Е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ;
2. L.G. Sokolov Clinical Hospital No. 122, St. Petersburg, Russia

V.P. Zolotnitskaia – Senior Researcher, Dr. Sci. Biol.;
V.I. Amosov – Head of Dep., Dr. Sci. Med., Prof., Member ERS;
A.A. Speranskaia – Dr. Sci. Med., Prof., Member ERS;
А.V. Tishkov – Head of Dep., Assoc. Prof., PhD Phys.-Math.;
V.A. Ratnikov – Vice-President, Med. Dep., Dr. Sci. Med., Prof., Member ERS

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the features of circulatory disorders in the lungs in patients with ordinary interstitial pneumonia (OIP) at different stages of the pathological process and with the development of comorbid conditions.

Material and methods: The analysis of the results of radiation research methods: computer tomography, computed angiography and single photon emission computed tomography in 64 patients with common interstitial pneumonia. The selection criteria were the presence of respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension.

Results: The combination of interstitial and alveolar changes, their distribution in the lower parts of both lungs with subpleural localization are mainly pathognomonic for IPI. In 85 % of patients with OIP and the formation of a “cellular lung”, local perfusion disorders of various forms, of small size, subsegmental level, located symmetrically in the diaphragm regions were determined. The main distinctive CT signs of adherence to vascular pathology: pulmonary pattern mosaic; subpleural infiltration sites of the lung tissue of heterogeneous structure; defects in filling the pulmonary artery with a contrast agent during CT angiography; triangular subpleurally located areas of perfusion disturbance on SPECT (when SPECT/CT is combined), localized in the area of lung infarction, or in the zone of no changes on CT.

Conclusion: The development of pulmonary hypertension and chronic respiratory failure in OIP is determined by several factors that have an active or passive effect on pulmonary hemodynamics. Worsening of the patient’s condition and an increase in the degree of respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension, contributes to complication of the pulmonary vascular system – pulmonary thromboembolism and (or) thrombosis in situ, as well as persistent infectious inflammatory processes. In the presence of irreversible morphological changes in the lung parenchyma therapeutic measures do not affect the state of microcirculation in the lungs.

Key words: interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary hypertension, circulatory disorders, respiratory distress, single photon emission computed tomography, X-ray computer tomography

REFERENCES

1. Amosov VI, Speranskaya AA. Radiation diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. St. Petersburg: ELBI SPb. 2015: 176 p. (In Russian).
2. Interstitial and orthopedic lung diseases. Library specialist doctor. By ed. M. Milkovich. Moscow, Geotar. 2016; 560 p.
3. Leonova EI. Endothelial dysfunction in interstitial lung diseases. Practical Pulmonology. 2017;(3):66-72. (In Russian).
4. Makinodan K, Itoh T, Tomoda K. Acute pulmonary thromboembolism associated with interstitial pneumonia. Intern Med. 2008;47:647-50.
5. Pfitzner J, Pfitzner L. The theoretical basis for using apnoeic oxygenation via the non-ventilated lung during one-lung ventilation to delay the onset of arterial hypoxaemia. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2005;33(6):794-800.
6. McLaughlin V. Pulmonary arterial hypertension: the most devastating vascular complication of systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology. 2009;48:25-31.
7. Tsareva N, Avdeev S, Naumenko Zh, Neklyudova G. Pulmonary hypertension. Moscow: Geotar-Media; 2015; 416 p. (In Russian).
8. Carbone RG, Montanaro F, Bottino G. Interstitial lung disease: introduction. In: Baughman RP, Carbone RG, Bottino G, eds. Pulmonary arterial hypertension and interstitial lung diseases: a clinical guide. New York: Humana Press; 2009: 3-12.
9. Ramirez A, Varga J. Pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis: clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, evaluation, and management. Treat Respir Med. 2004;3:339-52.
10. Patschersky FN. Pulmonary arterial hypertension: clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment. Irkutsk: ISMU; 2015; 94 p. (In Russian).
11. Zakynthinos E, Daniil Z, Papanikolaou G, Makris D. Curr Drug Targets. Pulmonary Hypertension in COPD: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Targets 2011; Jan 3. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 21194405
12. Hasegava B. SPECT and SPECT/CT. 92nd Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting Radiologic Society of North America. 2006: 171 p.
13. Levite EM, Uglonsky AN. The role of bypass in the lungs in the development of respiratory failure. Vestnik KRSU. 2014;14(5):75-8. (In Russian).

For citation: Zolotnitskaia VP, Amosov VI, Speranskaia AA, Tishkov АV, Ratnikov VA. Of Circulatory Disorders in the Lungs with the Development of Chronic Respiratory Failure in Patients with Common Interstitial Pneumonia. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019;64(6):51–56. (in Russian).

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-51-56

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019. Vol. 64. No. 6. P. 64–69

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-64-69

I.M. Lebedenko^1,3, B.M. Gavrikov², T.N. Borisova¹

Method of Quatitative Evaluation of the Size and Density of the Tumor During Adaptive Radiotherapy Using CT Images

1. N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center, Moscow, Russia;
2. Moscow Municipal Oncology Hospital No. 62, Moscow, Russia;
3. National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russia;
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

I.M. Lebedenko – Senior Researcher, Dr. Sci. Biol., Member of American Association of Physics in Medicine, Assoc. Prof.;
B.M. Gavrikov – Medical Physicist, Post-Graduate Student;
T.N. Borisova – Senior Researcher, PhD Med.

Abstract

Purpose: Clinically available quantitative method for assessing the dynamics of the size and physical density (in g/cm³) of the tumor in adaptive radiotherapy for cancer patients and any cases of visualization of tumor boundaries including the cases when the border of a tumor is not clearly visualized.

Material and methods: A preliminary analysis of the images transmitted over the CT network was carried out in the Eclipse planning system (PS). The radiotherapy treatment planning using electron accelerators with a multi-leaf collimator( Varian (USA)) was carried out at the Eclipse PS. The image quality control of Light Speed RT 16 (manufactured by GE) X-ray computed tomography scanner was performed using the multi-modular phantom Catphan® 504. The assessment of the densitometric characteristics CT imaging made using eight tissue-equivalent a test object with mass densities from 0.03 to 1.37 g/cm³ which corresponding to the density of biological tissues of the human body. To quantify the size and density of the tumor in a dynamic mode, we have written and used our own Matlab program installed on a separate computer. For lossless compression of graphic information, the PNG-image scale (raster graphic information storage format) is used, which is equivalent to the scale of the original DICOM file at the Eclipse PS. A program consists of subroutines that include calibration, contour integration, and integration along a horizontal line.

Results: The quantitative information content of the method is shown. The method is used in clinical practice.

Conclusions: A clinically available quantitative method for assessing dynamics of the size and physical density of the tumor has been developed and proposed for use in adaptive radiatiotherapy for cancer patients for any cases of visualization of tumor boundaries. When a positive dynamics in the tumor, the integral index is greater than 1 (M > 1), when a negative dynamics (in the absence of response to treatment) M ≤ 1. Quantitative characteristics are objective, do not depend on the subjective assessments of personnel and can serve as a basis for rescheduling exposure plans.

Key words: adaptive radiotherapy, CT images, assessing the tumor size and density, programmatic method

REFERENCES

1. Stavitsky RV. Aspects of Clinical Dosimetry. Moscow. MNPI; 2000. 388 p. (In Russian).
2. Lebedenko IM. Quantitative Criteria for Assessing of Changes in Tumor and Normal Tissues During Radiotherapy. Moscow. Diss. PhD Biol; 2005 (In Russian).
3. Quality Control in Radiotherapy And Radiation Diagnosis. Collection of Normative Documents. Minsk. Poliprint; 2009. 272 p. (In Russian).
4. IEC: Evaluation and routine testing in medical imaging departments 61223-3-5 Part 3-5: Acceptance tests – Imaging performance of computed tomography X-ray equipment. Geneva. Switzerland; 2004.

For citation: Lebedenko IM, Gavrikov BM, Borisova TN. Method of Quatitative Evaluation of the Size and Density of the Tumor During Adaptive Radiotherapy Using CT Images. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019;64(6):64–69. (in Russian).

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2019-64-6-64-69

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)