Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018. Vol. 63. No. 5. P. 19–25

RADIATION THERAPY

DOI: 10.12737/article_5bc8965ecf7302.64445070

Outcomes of Combined Treatment for Breast Cancer with Immediate Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction, Chemotherapy and Conformal Radiotherapy

E.V. Timoshkina, S.I. Tkachev, A.V. Nazarenko, O.P. Trofimova, V.V. Glebovskaya, S.M. Ivanov, T.N. Borisova

N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

E.V. Timoshkina – Radiation Oncologist; S.I. Tkachev – Leading Researcher, Dr. Sc. Med., Prof., Vice-President of RATRO; A.V. Nazarenko – Head of Dep., PhD Med.; O.P. Trofimova – Leading Researcher, Dr. Sc. Med., Prof., RATRO Member, RUSSCO Member, Russian Oncologists Association Member, ARCA Member, Member of Association of Specialists of Problem of the Melanoma, Member of Russian Oncomammologists; V.V. Glebovskaya – Senior Researcher, PhD Med.; S.M. Ivanov – Senior Researcher, PhD Med.; T.N. Borisova – Senior Researcher, PhD Med.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the oncological results and late complication rate in breast cancer patients who underwent immediate implant-based breast reconstruction and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Material and methods: 32 patients with I–IIIC breast cancer after combined treatment which included immediate implant-based breast reconstruction, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, were reviewed.

Results: All 32 patients got skin erythema as an acute adverse effect. 6 (18 %) of them got acute mucositis. Median follow-up was 35 months (range 12–112 months). 2 (6 %) patients had local recurrence after 46 and 31 months since the operation day. Locoregional control rate was 94 %. 9 (28 %) patients presented distant metastases at term 8–71 months since the operation day, and metastases in bones, brain, lungs, liver and non-regional lymph nodes were diagnosed. 2 (6 %) patients died because of disease progression.

Late adverse effects of skin and soft tissue in irradiated area were found in 4 (13 %) patients – capsular contracture was diagnosed 1 (n = 1), 2 (n = 2) and 3 (n = 1) stages. In two cases of four, capsular contracture was asymptomatic and found during the second stage of breast reconstruction while changing tissue expander to implant. Capsulotomy was performed, and aesthetic effect was good. In one case capsular contracture was the reason of implant removal, and then second reconstruction using tissue expander was performed.

Conclusion: Nowadays immediate implant-based breast reconstruction is an essential part of combined treatment. Breast cancer patients after immediate implant-based breast reconstruction can be treated in adequate manner, and breast reconstruction is not a contraindication for radiotherapy. Low complication rates can still be acquired with the use of state-of-art 3D and 4D radiotherapy techniques and supportive care.

Key words: breast cancer, breast reconstruction, tissue expander, radiotherapy, late complications

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For citation:Timoshkina EV, Tkachev SI, Nazarenko AV, Trofimova OP, Glebovskaya VV, Ivanov SM, Borisova TN. Outcomes of Combined Treatment for Breast Cancer with Immediate Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction, Chemotherapy and Conformal Radiotherapy. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018;63(5):19-25.Russian.

DOI: 10.12737/article_5bc8965ecf7302.64445070

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018. Vol. 63. No. 5. P. 33–40

NON-IONIZING RADIATION

DOI: 10.12737/article_5bc89628800007.23290426

Reproductive System State among Generations of Male Rats, Obtained from Irradiated Parents and Subjected to Electromagnetic Interference from Mobile Phone (1745 MHz)

Yu.G. Grigoriev¹, N.V. Chueshova², G.G. Vereschako²

1. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical and Biophysical Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation; 2. Institute of Radiobiology of NAS of Belarus, Gomel, Belarus. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Yu.G. Grigoriev – Leading Researcher, Dr. Sc. Med., Prof., Deputy Chairman of the Scientific Council on Radiobiology of RAS, Vice-President of the Russian National Committee on Protection from Non-Ionizing Radiation, Member of the WHO Advisory Committee on the International Program “EMF and Public Health”;
N.V.Chueshova – Researcher; G.G. Vereschako – Leading Researcher, PhD Biol.

Abstract

Purpose: To study the condition of the reproductive system of the male rats at three generations (F1–F3) received from irradiated parents and who were exposed daily to the mobile phone (1745 MHz, 8 hours/day) until reaching the age of 6 months.

Material and methods: The white rats aged 52–54 days were subjected to electromagnetic exposure from the mobile phone (1745 MHz, 8 hours/day, power density 0.2–20 μW/cm²,= 7.5±0.3 μW/cm²) for 90 days. The irradiated males and females were then mated in a 1:2 ratio. The females throughout the gestation period (20–21 days) and the offspring (F1) obtained from them continued to be irradiated under the above-mentioned regimen until reaching the age of 6 months. The animals of the 1st generation (males and females) at the age of 4 months mated for the generation of the second generation, and from them in the same way received the offspring of the third generation. The state of the reproductive system of male rats of 3 generations was evaluated at the age of 2, 4 and 6 months.

Results: It is established that birth rate at the irradiated animals of three generations authentically falls. This posterity from 8 females makes 53, 86 and 45 %respectively in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation of the control group.

The electromagnetic effect affected the weight of the testicles and epididymis of rats of three generations, mainly at the age of 4 and 6 months. The mass of testicles increased at animals of the 3 generation at the age of 4 months and at animals of the 3rd generation at the age of 6 months. The mass of epididymis generally increases at animals of 4 months of the F1–F3, but at the age of 6 months in the 1st generation falls, and correlates with a decrease in the number of epididymal spermatozoa. There is also a decrease in the absolute and relative mass of seminal vesicles in irradiated animals of three generations at the age of 2 months.

At exposed animals of 3 generations of 2 months there are no significant deviations in the process of spermatogenesis, however at the age of 4 and 6 months there are significant violations of the number of spermatids of different types. In male rats of the 1st generation at the age of 2 and 6 months exposed to EMP in the prenatal and postnatal periods and obtained from irradiated parents, a drop in the number of epididymal spermatozoa is observed, while in the irradiated animals of the 2nd and 3rd generation at the age of 2 months, there is a marked increase in the number of these cells. Their viability is reduced in all age groups (2, 4 and 6 months), which is statistically significant at the age of 2 and 4 months of animals of the 1st generation. In male rats of 1–3 generations at the age of 2 months and in 4 months 2nd generation, there was a significant decreased the concentration of testosterone in the bloīd serum by 65.8, 43.6, 82.8 and 93.4 %, respectively.

Conclusions: The long-term effect of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation from the mobile phone on the body of rats of males and females, leads to a decrease in the birth rate of irradiated animals, which reaches 45% in the third generation. Significant changes in the studied indicators of the reproductive system of male rats of three generations are revealed, which is reflected in a decrease in the number of epididymal spermatozoa in the 1st generation and in a significant increase in the 2nd and 3rd generation – early puberty, in the fall of their viability and the predominant decrease in the concentration of testosterone in the blood serum.

Key words: electromagnetic radiation, mobile phones, male rats, reproductive system, birth rate, organ weight, spermatogenesis, epididymal spermatozoa, viability, fragmentation of DNA (index DFI), testosterone

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For citation: Grigoriev YuG, Chueshova NV, Vereschako GG. Reproductive System State among Generations of Male Rats, Obtained from Irradiated Parents and Subjected to Electromagnetic Interference from Mobile Phone. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018;63(5):33-40. Russian.

DOI: 10.12737/article_5bc89628800007.23290426

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018. Vol. 63. No. 5. P. 26 –32

NUCLEAR MEDICINE

DOI: 10.12737/article_5bc8968bb9d9a3.36167944

SPECT/CT in the Assessment of the Jaw Autograft Viability

A.D. Ryzhkov¹, L.P. Yakovleva¹, A.S. Krylov¹, S.V. Shiryaev¹, M.A. Kropotov², V.A. Sobolevsky¹, Yu.Yu. Dikov¹, R.B. Azimova¹, V.Yu. Ivashkov¹

1. N.N. Blokhin Medical Research Center of Oncology. Moscow, Russia. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center. Moscow, Russia

A.D. Ryzhkov – Leading Researcher, Dr. Sc. Med.; L.P. Yakovleva – Head of the Dep., PhD Med, Member of RUSSCO, Member of the Russian Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Member of the Society of Specialists in the Treatment of Head and Neck Tumors; A.S. Krylov – Radiologist, PhD Med., Member of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (EANMMI); S.V. Shiryaev – Head of Lab., Dr. Sc. Med., President of the OSMI, Member of EANMMI, Member of ACNMMI, Member of SNMMI; M.A. Kropotov – Leading Researcher, Dr. Sc. Med., Head of Dep., Member of RUSSCO, Member of the Russian Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Member of the Society of Specialists in the Treatment of Head and Neck Tumors; V.A. Sobolevsky – Head of Dep., Dr. Sc. Med.; Yu.Yu. Dikov – Research Worker, PhD Med.; R.B. Azimova – Research Worker, PhD Med.; V.Yu. Ivashkov – Research Worker

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of SPECT/CT for the assessment of graft viability following revascularized bone grafts in patients with mandibular (18) and maxilla (1) reconstruction.

Material and methods: We investigated 19 patients with revascularized grafts from the fibula (16 patients), iliac crest (2 patients) and shoulder blade graft (1). For the follow up of all these patients, 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy and SPECT/CT was performed between 4–5 days postoperatively. The evaluation of the grafts was based on a comparison of tracer uptake between graft and the cranium.

Results: 17 of 19 grafts had an uncomplicated clinical course. Complications in the graft occurred in two patients. In the analysis of planar scintigrams with uncomplicated healing were showed correct assessment in 10 of 17 patients and in 1of 2 patients with signs of necrosis of graft fragments. SPECT/CT was performed in addition to planar imaging.

The increased uptake grafts were showed with SPECT/CT in all patients with uncomplicated clinical course. In the failed 2 grafts, decreased uptake was observed in both patients. In the analysis of SPECT/CT images the correct results were showed in all clinical cases.

Conclusion: SPECT/CT performed within 6 days after the mandibular reconstruction is a useful tool to monitor the viability and early complications of revascularized mandibular and maxilla bone grafts. SPECT/CT is also recommended to interpretation of the bone scans and to precise assessment of graft viability.

Key words: maxilla and mandible reconstruction, autograft viability, bone scintigraphy, SPECT/CT

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For citation: Ryzhkov AD, Yakovleva LP, Krylov AS, Shiryaev SV, Kropotov MA, Sobolevsky VA, Dikov YuYu, Azimova RB, Ivashkov VYu. SPECT/CT in the Assessment of the Jaw Autograft Viability. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018;63(5):26-32. Russian.

DOI: 10.12737/article_5bc8968bb9d9a3.36167944

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018. Vol. 63. No. 5. P. 41 –47

RADIATION PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGY AND DOSIMETRY

DOI: 10.12737/article_5bc896bae399e0.21861306

Linear-Quadratic Model for Planning Neutron Therapy with the Use of U-120 Cyclotron

V.A. Lisin

Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

V. A. Lisin – Dr. Sc. Tech., Prof.

Abstract

Purpose: To estimate the feasibility of using linear-quadratic model (LQM) for planning neutron therapy regimens by the criterion of early radiation-induced reactions.

Material and methods: The LQM, which described the reaction of tissues to fractionated irradiation, was used. The results obtained were compared with similar results found on the basis of the TDF model successfully used for neutron therapy planning.

Results: The LQM parameters αn and βn for radiation induced skin damage were found. The dependence of a single dose of neutrons on the number of therapy sessions was obtained. This dependence was in good agreement with the analogous dependence found by the TDF model, which indicated the correctness of the method for calculating it. When using LQM for planning neutron therapy, the issue related with the time intervals between sessions was considered. For this purpose, the comparative calculations of the ratio of the total effect, determined by the LQM, and the TDF factor were carried out. The difference between the compared values did not exceed 6 %, thus allowing the time interval for planning neutron therapy using LQM to be excluded.

Two methods to control the damage to normal tissue using LQM were considered. The first method was based on the evaluation of part of the used tolerance of the irradiated tissue, and the second one was carried out by transferring the applied dose fractionation regimen of neutron therapy to the isoeffective standard regimen of photon therapy.

Conclusion: It was shown that LQM can be used for planning neutron therapy regimens in cancer patients by the criterion of early radiation-induced reactions. The results obtained extend the potential of radiobiological planning of neutron therapy and can serve as a basis for the development of the method of using LQM in prediction of late radiation-induced complications. 

Key words:neutron therapy, planning, linear-quadratic model, early radiation-induced reactions

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For citation: Lisin VA. Linear-Quadratic Model for Planning Neutron Therapy with the Use of U-120 Cyclotron. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2018;63(5):41-7. Russian.

DOI: 10.12737/article_5bc896bae399e0.21861306

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