Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 2. P. 28-34

DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b95734e699.63790534

Pu-239 Incorporation and Lifetime Reduction in Mayak PA Workers with Tumor and Non-Tumor Related Death

V.I. Tel’nov, F.D. Tretyakov, P.V. Okatenko

FSUE Southern Urals Biophysics Institute of FMBA of Russia. Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk region, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

V.I. Telnov - PhD in Medicine, Senior Researcher, Deputy Director on Scientific Work; F.D. Tretyakov - PhD in Medicine, Senior Researcher, Head of Department of Radiation Safety; P.V. Okatenko - Head of the Laboratory of Radiation Epidemiology Unit

Abstract

Purpose: Assessment of the impact of Pu-239 incorporation on Mayak workers lifetime based on the analysis of mortality and age in death at tumor and non-tumor diseases taking into consideration the main and secondary radionuclide deposition organs.

Material and methods: The cohort of Mayak workers hired from 1948 to 1958 with known Pu-239 body burden was included into the analysis. The cohort comprised 3478 individuals including 2414 men (1739 deceased and 675 alive) and 1064 women (604 deceased and 460 alive). Depending on Pu-239 incorporation the lifetime as integral characteristic of the increased and premature mortality was assessed based on the analysis of the mortality and age of death in tumor and non-tumor pathology of the main and secondary deposition organs. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA software.

Results: It was found that with the increase of Pu-239 incorporation in the organism of the deceased workers a decrease of lifetime occurred by 5.2 years in men and by 6.6 years in women, and after starting work - by 6.9 years in men and by 7.7 years in women. In the whole cohort the decrease of lifetime was less expressed - by 4.2 years in men and by 2.7 years in women, and after starting work - by 6.2 and by 3.0 years correspondingly. We found the increase of levels of mortality from tumors in males, mainly from malignant neoplasms of the lung and liver, which are organs of Pu-239 main deposition. For the first time the associated with Pu-239 incorporation decrease of age at death (premature mortality) was found in case of tumor and non-tumor pathology of main and secondary deposition organs both for males and females. At that, unlike increased mortality, premature mortality was registered at all studied causes of death as a significant shift or tendency.

Conclusion: The conclusion was made that increased and premature mortality are two relatively different processes leading to the reduction of lifetime of professional workers exposed to the incorporation of Pu-239.

Key words: cohort of Mayak PA workers, Pu-239, organs of main and non-main deposition, tumor and non-tumor causes of death, age at death, employment age, lifetime

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For citation: Telnov VI, Tretyakov FD, Okatenko PV. Pu-239 Incorporation and Lifetime Reduction in Mayak PA Workers with Tumor and Non-Tumor Related Death. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(2):28-34. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b95734e699.63790534

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 2. P. 71-78

DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b957500454.54839072

Successful Treatment of Recurrence of Rectal Cancer with Invasion of the Sacrum (Case Report)

Е.R. Musaev, S.I. Tkachev, D.V. Kuzmichev, A.V. Polynovskiy, A.O. Rasulov, V.F. Tsaryk, N.A. Kochura, E.A. Sushentcov, U.E. Suraeva

N.N.Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

E.R. Musaev - Dr. Sci. Med., Head of the Department of Vertebral Oncology; S.I. Tkachev - Dr. Sci. Med., Leading Researcher; D.V. Kuzmichev - PhD in Medicine, Senior Researcher; A.V. Polynovskiy - PhD in Medicine, Research Associate; A.O. Rasulov - Dr. Sci. Med., Head of the Department of Coloproctology; V.F. Tsaryuk - Dr. Sci. Med., Leading Research; N.A. Kochura - Doctor, Department of Anesthesiolody; E.А. Sushentcov - PhD in Medicine, Senior Researcher; J.E. Suraeva - PhD student

Abstract

Purpose: Recurrence of rectal cancer located in presacral area and having invasion in the bone structure, are the most difficult in clinical practice to diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of our observation is a demonstration of modern possibilities of preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by high-tech surgery in treatment of the patient with recurrent rectal cancer with sacral invasion in a multidisciplinary clinic.

Material and methods: Article describes the case of successful treatment of patient with recurrent rectal cancer with sacral invasion, previously operated at another clinic without prior neoadjuvant therapy. At N.N.Blochin Russian Cancer Research Center patient was performed preoperative chemoradiotherapy 40 Gy in 4 Gy fractions with capecitabine 3500 mg/day per os on radiation days to achieve maximum tumor regression. In 8 weeks after the end of combined treatment, a control examination, according to which positive dynamics in the form of reducing the size of the tumor was identified. Taking into account the recurrent tumor with sacral invasion, the absence of distant metastases and severe concomitant comorbidity, the patient underwent high-tech surgery with recurrent tumor removal and high sacral resection (level S1) with plastic replacement of the defect with recto-abdominal flap. According to pathological examination of postoperative material in recurrent tumor was reached tumor regression grade II (Dworak).

At the time of publication of the article the patient after 43 months since the operation is observed without signs of recurrence and progression of disease, return to full social life without motor restrictions.

Conclusion: This case demonstrates the importance of preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with recurrent rectal cancer previously have not treated with neoadjuvant treatment. Sacral resections (including a high resection at the S1 level) with a recurrent tumor removal significantly increases the overall survival and life quality. If R0 resection can be achieved, it is possible to expect a better long-term result.

This type of operation is associated with a high number of intra - and postoperative complications and, therefore, must be performed in highly specialized centers by a multidisciplinary surgical team using modern possibilities of anesthesia and intensive care support.

Key words: recurrence, rectal cancer, invasion of the sacrum, resection of the sacrum, radiotherapy, preoperative chemoradiotherapy

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For citation: Musaev ER, Tkachev SI, Kuzmichev DV, Polynovskiy AV, Rasulov AO, Tsaryk VF, Kochura NA, Sushentcov EA, Suraeva UE. Successful Treatment of Recurrence of Rectal Cancer with Invasion of the Sacrum (Case Report). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(2):71-8. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b957500454.54839072

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 2. P. 66-70

DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b957407525.06774674

Critical Issues Providing Radiation Safety at Radiation Accidents: Radiobiological, Medical Radiation and Organizational Providing Countermeasures against the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant

L.M. Rozhdestvensky

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

L.M. Rozhdestvensky - Head of Lab, Dr. Sci. Biol., Professor

Abstract

The goal of this article is to evaluate retrospectively to what extent were realized possibilities to decrease radiation injuries for different persons involved in the Chernobyl accident.

These possibilities were based on 3 blocks - radiobiological investigations (where radioprotectors’ preparation B and cystamine as drugs and iodine prophylaxis against thyroid radiation damage were developed), medical radiation experience in the acute radiation disease treatment and organization in reduction of radiation damages by means of civil defense patterns and local health authorities.

High quality treatment of 28 persons with very severe injuries (total-body gamma-irradiation and skin beta-irradiation) is commended. The main failures were non-use of preparation B at 28 accident liquidators and insufficient a decrease of radioiodine incorporation in the thyroid gland. It is connected with unpreparedness of civil defense patterns and local health authorities to a global accident.

The current state in fields of radiation safety in case of radiation accidents and incidents is analyzed.

Key words: radiation accident, acute radiation disease, combined radiation damage, acute radiation disease treatment, radioprotector, iodine prophylaxis, organization of events, regulatory guideline, accident at the Chernobyl NPP

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For citation: Rozhdestvensky LM. Critical Issues Providing Radiation Safety at Radiation Accidents: Radiobiological, Medical Radiation and Organizational Providing Countermeasures against the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(2):66-70. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b957407525.06774674

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 2. P. 39-46

DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b9573b6b59.54629416

Cellular Connection and the Health of Children - Problem of the Third Millennium

Yu.G. Grigoriev¹, A.S. Samoylov¹, A.Yu. Bushmanov¹, N.I. Khorseva²

1. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Moscow. Russia

Yu.G. Grigoriev - Professor Dr. Sci. Med., Deputy Chairman of the Scientific Council of Radiobiology RAS, President of Russian National Committee on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, Member of the WHO Advisory Committee on the international program “EMF and Health”; A.S. Samoylov - General Director of State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Dr. Sci. Med.; А.Yu. Bushmanov - First Deputy General Director of State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Dr. Sci. Med., Professor; N.I. Khorseva - PhD in Biol., Senior Researcher

Abstract

The article considers the problem of the influence of electromagnetic fields (EMF) of the mobile communication on the health of children and adolescents within the framework of the epidemiological and experimental studies.

All of the world population use mobile phones widely thus having strong and daily effect on the brain. There is no restriction on the use of mobile phones. Getting more advantages and convenience of the mobile communication, the population is trying not to hear the information about possible risks to their health, there is no element of self-restraint.

This process involves children aged 3-4 years. Pregnant women do not respect basic rules of protection from exposure to EMF of the mobile communication.

The data on the distribution of EMF RF energy absorbed in a child’s head during a mobile phone conversation are submitted. The original data on psychophysiological dysfunctions in children-users of mobile phones are discussed. We believe there is a risk of brain tumors. The estimation of the risk for children was made. Children are in the group of the risk. Special children standards for mobile EMF are therefore proposed.

Protecting children from exposure to EMF Cellular is one of the priorities of the third millennium.

Key words: the electromagnetic radiation of radio-frequency range, cell phones, children, the danger of the use of the mobile connection

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For citation: Grigoriev YuG, Samoylov AS, Bushmanov AYu, Khorseva NI. Cellular Connection and the Health of Children - Problem of the Third Millennium. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(2):39-46. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b9573b6b59.54629416

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