SCIENTIFIC AND INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL MAGAZINE

ISSN 1024-6177 (Print), ISSN 2618-9615 (Online)

JOURNAL DESCRIPTION

The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.

Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.

Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.

The journal is included in the List of Russian Reviewed Scientific Journals of the Higher Attestation Commission. Since 2008 the journal has been available on the Internet and indexed in the RISC database which is placed on Web of Science. Since February 2nd, 2018, the journal "Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety" has been indexed in the SCOPUS abstract and citation database.

Brief electronic versions of the Journal have been publicly available since 2005 on the website of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal: http://www.medradiol.ru. Since 2011, all issues of the journal as a whole are publicly available, and since 2016 - full-text versions of scientific articles. Since 2005, subscribers can purchase full versions of other articles of any issue only through the National Electronic Library. The editor of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal in accordance with the National Electronic Library agreement has been providing the Library with all its production since 2005 until now.

The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.

Since 2017 the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety has switched to digital identification of publications, assigning to each article the identifier of the digital object (DOI), which greatly accelerated the search for the location of the article on the Internet. In future it is planned to publish the English-language version of the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety for its development. In order to obtain information about the publication activity of the journal in March 2015, a counter of readers' references to the materials posted on the site from 2005 to the present which is placed on the journal's website. During 2015 - 2016 years on average there were no more than 100-170 handlings per day. Publication of a number of articles, as well as electronic versions of profile monographs and collections in the public domain, dramatically increased the number of handlings to the journal's website to 500 - 800 per day, and the total number of visits to the site at the end of 2017 was more than 230.000.

The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.

Issues journals

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62.  No. 1. P. 65-69

DOI: 10.12737/25063

Evaluation of Therapeutic Gain Factor in Neutron Therapy Based on the Linear Quadratic Model

V.A. Lisin

Tomsk Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

V.A. Lisin - professor, Department of applied physics, Doctor of Engineering Science

Abstract

Purpose: To study the dependencies of therapeutic gain factor (TGF) on dose of cyclotron-produced fast neutron beams using the linear-quadratic model (LQM) parameters characterizing radiation response in tumor and normal tissues.

Material and methods: The TGF in neutron therapy was calculated as the ratio of the relative biological effectiveness of neutrons for tumor (RBE tumor) to relative biological effectiveness for normal tissue (RBE normal tissue). The LQM was used to calculate the dependencies of neutron RBE on the dose and therapeutic gain factor. We considered two cases: 1) neutron therapy for 3 types of tumors with different radiation response, where the same normal tissue was critical; 2) neutron therapy for the same tumor, when 3 types of normal tissues were taken as critical.

Results: Based on calculations and analysis of published data, the dependencies of neutron RBE on dose for selected types of tumors and normal tissues were obtained. The following variants were considered: 1) RBE tumor > RBE normal tissue; 2) RBE tumor < RBE normal tissue, in both two variants, the dependencies in the therapeutic dose rate were convergent; 3) the dependencies of RBE tumor and RBE normal tissue on dose are crossed. The dependencies of TGF for neutron therapy on single boost doses and quantitative ratios between the LQM parameters characterizing radiation response of tumor and normal tissues were found. A multivariate ratio between the dependencies on dose of RBE tumor and RBE normal tissue was the cause of variety in the dependencies of TGF on dose. In the first case, the TGF increased with increasing (α/β)γ ratio and decreasing single dose, and the maximum value of TGF was equal to ~ 1.4. In the second case, TGF was < 1, i.e. the effectiveness of neutron therapy was lower than the effectiveness of gamma irradiation, but it was increased with higher single dose and lower radiosensitivity of normal tissue. In the third case, the dose at the intersection point (Di) was the boundary, and TGF was > 1 to the left of the boundary, and TPV was <1 to the right of the boundary, provided that D <Di, RBEtumor > OBEnormal tissue.

Conclusion: The obtained results with known parameters of the LQM for tumor and normal tissues allowed us to make an appropriate choice between neutron and gamma- ray therapy in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment for cancer patients. It was shown that in the case of neutron therapy, the analysis of dependencies of TGF on dose allowed the optimal dose fractionation regimen to be selected.

Key words: neutron therapy, linear-quadratic model, therapeutic gain factor

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For citation: Lisin VA. Evaluation of Therapeutic Gain Factor in Neutron Therapy Based on the Linear Quadratic Model. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(1):65-9. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/25063

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No.  1. P. 49-55

DOI: 10.12737/25059

To Improve Accuracy of Radionuclide Therapy Dosimetry Planning Using Monte Carlo Method

Yu.V. Lysak1, M.O. Goncharov2, B.Ya. Narkevich2,3, S.V. Shiryaev2

1. National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia; 2. N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia; 3. Institute of Medical Physics and Engineering, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Yu.V. Lysak - Post-graduate student MEPhI; M.O. Goncharov - Radiologist in Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center; B.Ya. Narkevich - Leading Researcher in Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, D. Sc. Tech., Prof.; S.V. Shiryaev - Head of Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, D. Sc. Med., Prof.

Abstract

Purpose: Development and clinical testing of methodology dosimetry planning of radionuclide therapy based on Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transfer process.

Material and methods: The method of determination in absolute units of radiopharmaceutical (RP) activity accumulated in tumor lesions. The technique is based on scintigraphy syringe containing diagnostic RP activity, biplane patient scintigraphy after injection of the RP and determination of the RP accumulation when administered calculated using the Monte Carlo method for the absorption and scattering of radiation in the patient’s body and in the collimator of the gamma camera. Code MCNP Monte Carlo simulation was used. The layout of determination of the value of accumulated RP activity in the patient’s tumor site implies successive implementation of the following three steps.

  1. Scintigraphic images are obtained of the vial containing already known activity of the RP placed at the fixed source-to-collimator distance, following which estimation of the detector count rate within the specified region of interest of the vial image is undertaken.
  2. Therapeutic activity A0 is introduced in the patient’s body, scintigraphic examination of the patient is performed. Estimation of the detector count rate in the region where the tumor is located and the value of tissue background in the close enough vicinity to the tumor is performed using the tools for contouring the region of interest on the obtained planar image provided using the software imbedded in the scintigraphic equipment.
  3. Value of accumulated activity RP in the affected tumor is determined according to the correction factor which is calculated using Monte-Carlo method for specific clinical case for the geometry used in obtaining scintigraphic images which is identical to the conditions of measurement of activity in the vial and in the patient’s body.

The technique has been tested in the study, with an injection of 30 MBq of 123I-MIBG child with neuroblastoma.

Results: The level of accumulation of radiopharmaceutical in the tumor of the adrenal gland was 0.78 MBq, i.e. 2.6 % of the administered activity. This corresponds to literature data (average about 2.4 %) for scintigraphic studies of children with neuroblastomas. When using the known calculation method for analytical formula without the introduction of corrections for the absorption and scattering of radiation was obtained a result of 1.02 MBq, i.e. overestimation was 31 %.

Conclusions: Introduction calculated by the Monte Carlo method for the absorption and scattering of radiation during scintigraphy patient can improve the accuracy of dosimetry planning of radionuclide therapy.

Key words: radionuclide therapy, dosimetry planning, tumor foci, radiopharmaceutical accumulation, activity determination, Monte-Carlo method

REFERENCES

  1. Kost S.D., Dewaraja Y.K., Abramson R.G., Stabin M.G. A voxel-based dosimetry method for targeted radionuclide therapy using Geant4. Cancer Biother. Radiopharm. 2015. Vol. 30. No. 1. P. 1-11.
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For citation: Lysak YuV, Goncharov MO, Narkevich BYa, Shiryaev SV. To Improve Accuracy of Radionuclide Therapy Dosimetry Planning Using Monte Carlo Method. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(1):49-55. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/25059

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62.  No. 1. P. 32-37

DOI: 10.12737/25050

Radiation Risk of Incidence of Hypertensia among Russian Recovery Operation Workers of the Chernobyl Accident

V.K. Ivanov, S.Yu. Chekin, M.A. Maksioutov, V.V. Kashcheev, S.V. Karpenko, K.A. Tumanov, A.M. Korelo, E.V. Kochergina, O.K. Vlasov, N.V. Shchukina, S.S. Lovachev

A. Tsyb Medical Radiology Research Center, Obninsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

V.K. Ivanov - Chairman of the Russian Scientific Commission on Radiological Protection (RSCRP), UNSCEAR member, Deputy Director, Corresponding member of RAS, Prof., D.Sc., Tech.; S. Yu. Chekin - Head of Lab., RSCRP member; M.A. Maksioutov - Head of Lab., C. Sc., Tech.; V.V. Kashcheev - Head of Lab., C. Sc., Biol.; S. V. Karpenko - Engineer; K. A. Tumanov - Head of Lab., C. Sc., Biol.; A.M. Korelo - Senior Researcher; E.V. Kochergina - Head of Lab., C. Sc., Med.; O.K. Vlasov - Head of Lab., D.Sc., Tech.; N.V. Shchukina - Senior Researcher; S.S. Lovachev - Research Assistant

Abstract

Purpose: The main purpose of the research is to define the group of radiation risk (GRR) on the incidence of hypertension among Russian recovery operation workers of the Chernobyl accident (liquidators).

Material and methods: The object of research is the cohort of the Russian liquidators with the known individual doses of external gamma exposure of all body. Definition of GRR on incidence of hypertension is based on assessment of excess relative radiation risk (ERR) and relative radiation risk (RR) in the observed cohort of 106 thousand liquidators, having average accumulated dose of external gamma exposure of all body of 0.11 Gy and the maximum individual doses about 1 Gy.

Results: From 1986 to 2012 in this cohort 57112 cases of hypertension have been diagnosed, basically - essential (primary) hypertension (39.2 %) and hypertensive heart disease (53.8 %). The statistically significant ERR of incidence of hypertension was observed only for liquidators who entered the Chernobyl zone of recovery operations within the first year after the accident (before 26.04.1987): ERR/Gy = 0.26 with 95 % CI (0.12; 0.41), p < 0.001. For other liquidators no significant associations between the explosion dose and the incidence of hypertension were revealed. For nonparametric estimates of RR in dose groups (relative to the control group with doses < 0.05 Gy) the statistically significant radiation risk was observed only for the dose group over 0,25 Gy: RR = 1.07 at 95 % of CI (1.02; 1.12), p = 0.023. GRR on incidence of hypertension equal to 4 % of the number of the studied cohort of liquidators: 4515 persons with accumulated doses of 0.25 Gy and higher, arrived to the Chernobyl area within the first year after the accident. In GRR 2597 cases of diseases of hypertension were diagnosed; statistically significant (p = 0.023) assessment of RR is equal 1.07, with 95 % a confidential interval (1.02; 1.12) and an average dose 0.297 Gy. During observation from 1986 to 2012 6.5 % of cases of diseases of hypertension (170 cases) in GRR can be related to radiation-caused ones. GRR for the beginning of 2013 consisted of 2919 persons 1909 of whom had already had diagnoses of hypertension (125 - radiation caused). Since 2013 for lifetime in GRR from 43 to 66 cases of diseases of hypertension which can be related to radiation-caused are expected.

Conclusion: As hypertension is the risk factor for many circulatory diseases, address prevention and treatment of hypertension in GRR in the first years after radiation accidents could reduce the radiation-caused loss healthy years of participants of elimination of such accidents.

Key words: radiation risk, radiation risk group, hypertension, liquidators, Chernobyl accident, excess relative risk (ERR), relative risk (RR), radiation doses

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For citation: Ivanov VK, Chekin SYu, Maksioutov MA, Kashcheev VV, Karpenko SV, Tumanov KA, Korelo AM, Kochergina EV, Vlasov OK, Shchukina NV, Lovachev SS. Radiation Risk of Incidence of Hypertensia among Russian Recovery Operation Workers of the Chernobyl Accident. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(1):32-7. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/25050

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 1. P. 5-11

DOI: 10.12737/25028  

Transplantation of Autologous Cells of Stromal Vascular Fraction of Adipose Tissue in Severe Local Radiation Injuries of Skin Caused by X-rays

V.G. Lebedev, T.A. Nasonova, Yu.B. Deshevoy, A.V. Lyrschikova, O.A. Dobrynina,
A.S. Samoylov, A.Yu. Bushmanov, B.B. Moroz

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

V.G. Lebedev – leading researcher, PhD in Biological Sciences; T.A. Nasonova – leading researcher, PhD in Medical Sciences; Yu.B. Deshevoy – leading researcher, PhD in Medical Sciences; A.V. Lyrschikova – leading researcher, PhD in Biological Sciences; O.A. Dobrynina – junior research fellow; A.S. Samoylov – General Director SRC-FMBC, MD; A.Yu. Bushmanov – First Deputy General Director, MD, Professor; B.B. Moroz – Head of Lab., Academician of RAS, MD.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of autologous cells of stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue in severe local radiation skin injuries after the exposure of rats to X-rays.

Material and methods: Experiments were performed on Wistar rats, weighing 200–230 g. Rats were exposed locally in iliolumbar region using X-ray machine LNC-268 (RAP 100-10) at a dose of 110 Gy (30 kV tube voltage, current 6.1 mA, thick Al filter 0.1 mm), dose rate: 17.34 Gy/min. Area of the irradiation field was 8.2–8.5 cm2. Transplantation of autologous cells of stromal vascular fraction (SVFC) of adipose tissue was carried out on 21st or 35th days after irradiation. SVFC isolation was performed by means of enzymatic treatment of adipose tissue. SVFC suspension was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 1×106 cells per injection around the radiation ulcers.The severity of radiation damage to the skin and the effects of cellular therapy were evaluated in the dynamics of clinical manifestations, with the help of plane geometry and pathomorphometry.

Results: It was found that by the 17–25th day after irradiation radiation ulcers were formedon rat skin. In the control group of animalsulcers persisted throughout the observation period of more than 3 months. The area of ulcers was 1,87 ± 0,35 cm2 and 1.52 ± 0.24 cm2 at 83th and 90th days after irradiation, respectively. In animals of the experimental group, with autologous stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue, was significant decrease in ulceration the area in comparison to control animals. In 80 % of the rats treated with SVFC on 21st day after exposure, to the 90th day after irradiation complete healing of ulcers occurred with the formation of atrophic scar at the site of radiation injuries. These clinical observations and planimetric were correlated with the results of histomorphometry.

Conclusion: Transplantation autologous SVFC of adipose tissue contributes to accelerate the healing of radiation ulcers after local x-ray exposure in the experiment, indicating that the prospects of using adipose tissue cell products for the treatment of severe local radiation injuries.

Key words: stromal vascular fraction, adipose tissue, cell technology, local radiation damage, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, radiation skin ulcers

REFERENCES

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For citation: Lebedev VG, Nasonova TA, Deshevoy YuB, Lyrschikova AV, Dobrynina OA, Samoylov AS, Bushmanov AYu, Moroz B.B. Transplantation of Autologous Cells of Stromal Vascular Fraction of Adipose Tissue in Severe Local Radiation Injuries of Skin Caused by X-rays. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(1):5-11. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/25028  

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 1. P. 56-64

DOI: 10.12737/25062

Nuclear Medicine in Diagnosis of Angiopathy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

D.S. Kharina1,2, T.A. Poletaeva1, A.K. Kondakov1,2, D. Yu. Mosin1, A.E. Nikitin1, I.A. Znamensky1,2

1. Central Clinical Hospital of RAS, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

D.S. Kharina – radiologist in nuclear medicine department of Central Clinical Hospital of the RAS, post-graduate student in radiology and radiotherapy department, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU); T.A. Poletaeva – head of therapeutic department of Central Clinical Hospital of the RAS; A.K. Kondakov – radiologist in nuclear medicine department of Central Clinical Hospital of the RAS, post-graduate student of radiology and radiotherapy department, Pirogov RNRMU; D.Yu. Mosin – radiologist in nuclear medicine department of Central Clinical Hospital of the RAS; A.E. Nikitin – head of Central Clinical Hospital of the RAS, MD., professor; I.A. Znamensky – head of nuclear medicine department of Central Clinical Hospital of the RAS, MD, professor of radiology and radiotherapy department, Pirogov RNRMU

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the role of nuclear medicine techniques in the early detection of angiopathy in patients with diabetes and to estimate their accuracy in comparison with routine diagnostic methods for evaluation of target organ damage.

Material and methods: A literature review, selected from the Russian and international bibliographic databases (RSCI, Medline, Google Scholar), dedicated to diagnostic technologies for identification of angiopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Results: 193 sources dedicated to the diagnosis of micro- and macrovascular damage were analyzed, 66 of which were included in this study, 54 of them international and 12 domestic ones responding to the purpose of the study. The analysis revealed that the radionuclide methods of investigation reflecting the functional state of the tissues were evaluated in a small number of publications on early diagnosis angiopathy caused by diabetes mellitus type 2. Most often, high blood glucose concentration damages kidney tissue and myocardium. It is shown that the methods of dynamic nephroscintigraphy and ECG-gated myocardial perfusion SPECT allow to evaluate the progression of micro- and macrovascular disease before the manifestation of paraclinical signs according to other diagnostic methods. Key determined parameter in dynamic nephroscintigraphy is glomerular filtration rate, which declines on the early stages of the disease. Myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging provides a possibility to assess frequency and severity of ischemic myocardial injury.

Conclusions: The use of nuclear medicine techniques in the diagnosis of angiopathy in diabetes allows verification of early damage to target organs. The most effective diagnostic methods for this purpose are dynamic nephroscintigraphy and myocardial perfusion SPECT which sensitivity is substantially higher than conventional diagnostic methods.

Key words: diabetes mellitus type 2, nuclear medicine, dynamic nephroscintigraphy, myocardial perfusion imaging, impaired glucose tolerance

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For citation: Kharina DS, Poletaeva TA, Kondakov AK, Mosin DYu, Nikitin AE, Znamensky IA. Nuclear Medicine in Diagnosis of Angiopathy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(1):56-64. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/25062

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