Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 3. P. 78-83

DOI: 10.12737/article_5927fdaf3ad417.71072643

SPECT/CT in the Diagnosis of Paget’s Disease (Clinical Case)

A.S. Krylov, A.B. Bludov, A.D. Ryzhkov, S.V. Shiryaev, M.O. Goncharov

N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center Moscow. Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

A.S. Krylov – PhD Med., Radiologist, member of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (EANMMI); A.B. Bludov – PhD Med., Researcher; A.D. Ryzhkov – Dr. Sc. Med., Senior Researcher; S.V. Shiryaev – Dr. Sc. Med., Head of Lab., President of the OSMI, Member of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (EANMMI), Member of the American College of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (ACNMMI), Member of the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI); M.O. Goncharov – Radiologist

Abstract

This article describes the clinical case of diagnosis of Paget’s disease in asymptomatic patients using hybrid imaging modality SPECT/CT. The literature data of Paget’s disease diagnosis using SPECT/CT are rare.

Paget’s disease is a disease of unknown etiology, which can affect one or more bones. The essence of the process lies in the pathological bone restructuring, characterized by continuous change in processes of resorption and osteosynthesis in the same bone structure. Pathophysiologically Paget’s disease is characterized by three successive phases: 1) the initial stage or osteolytic destruction; 2) an intermediate stage or a stage of mixed bone destruction characterized by a combination of osteolytic areas with increasing osteosclerosis; 3) stabilization or a stage of osteosclerosis with increasing density of the affected bone due to its rough trabecular conversion.

In the diagnosis of Paget’s disease radionuclide scanning is a highly sensitive but low specific method, while the hybrid imaging method of SPECT/CT is characterized by high sensitivity and specificity, allowing at the same time to quantify the activity of the process and estimate structural changes in the bone with the possibility of differential diagnosis with other pathological processes.

Key words: SPECT/CT, Page’s disease, bone scan, clinical case

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For citation: Krylov AS, Bludov AB, Ryzhkov AD, Shiryaev SV, Goncharov MO. ESPECT/CT in the Diagnosis of Paget's Disease (Clinical Case). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(3):78-93. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_5927fdaf3ad417.71072643

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 3. P.13-16

DOI: 10.12737/article_5926b8549d17e4.90563872

Extract of Lecanicillium Lecanii Fungus Suppress Thymocyte Apoptosis after Irradiation

M.V. Bibikova¹, I.A. Spiridonova¹, A.F. Korystova², L.N. Kublik², M.Kh. Levitman², V.V. Shaposhnikova², Yu.N. Korystov²

1. LLC «VIORIN», Moscow, Russia; 2. Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of RAS, Moscow region, Pushchino. Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

M.V. Bibikova - General Director LLC «VIORIN», Dr. Sc. Biol.; I.A. Spiridonova - Senior Researcher, PhD Biol.; A.F. Korystova - Senior Researcher; L.N. Kublik - Senior Researcher, PhD Biol.; M.Kh. Levitman - Senior Researcher, PhD Biol.; V.V. Shaposhnikova - Senior Researcher, PhD Biol.; Yu.N. Korystov - Head of Lab., Dr. Sc. Biol.

Abstract

Purpose: The effects of Lecanicilium lecanii fungus extract on 15-lipoxygenase activity and rat thymocyte apoptosis after irradiation were studied.

Material and methods: Lecanicilium lecanii fungus was extracted with acetone then acetone was evaporated and sediment was dissolved in ethanol. Wistar rat thymocytes were irradiated with X-rays at a dose of 6 Gy and incubated 6 h in nutrition medium. Apoptosis of thymocytes was recorded by nucleus damage and DNA fragmentation. 15-lipoxygenase activity was determined with linoleic acid oxidation.

Results: Fungus extract suppressed 15-lipoxygenase activity. Extract concentration that inhibited 15-lipoxygenase activity by 50 % (IC₅₀) = 15 µg/ml. It was shown that the share of damaged nuclei increased to 67 % after irradiation of thymocytes. The addition of the extract immediately after irradiation decreased the percent of damaged nuclei and DNA fragmentation in irradiated thymocytes. The effect increased with growth of extract concentration and in a dose of the extract 50 µg/ml percent of damaged nuclei in irradiated thymocytes decreased to control (16 %) and DNA fragmentation up to level below controlling one. IC₅₀ of extract on nucleus damage was 6 µg/ml.

Conclusion: These data show that Lecanicilium lecanii fungus extract contains effective 15-lipoxygenase inhibitor.

Key words: apoptosis, thymocytes, radiation, inhibitors, 15 lipoxygenase

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For citation: Bibikova MV, Spiridonova IA, Korystova AF, Kublik LN, Levitman MKh, Shaposhnikova VV, Korystov YuN. Therapy of Experimental Neurosis in Rabbits by Using the Electromagnetic Field in Comparison with Electrical and Chemical Nature. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(3):13-6. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_5926b8549d17e4.90563872

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 3. P. 42-49

DOI: 10.12737/article_5927f627a5c123.67647794

Labeled Somatostatin Analogues in Theranostics of Neuroendocrine Tumors

V.I. Chernov^1,2, O.D. Bragina^1,2, R.V. Zelchan^1,2, A.A. Medvedeva^1,2, I.G. Sinilkin^1,2, M.S. Larkina³, E.S. Stasyuk², E.A. Nesterov², V.S. Skuridin²

1. Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; 3. Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia

V.I. Chernov – Head of the Department of Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Research Institute, Deputy Director of Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sc. Med., Prof.; O.D. Bragina – Junior Researcher, PhD Med.; R.V. Zel’chan – Radiologist, PhD Med.; A.A. Medvedeva – Senior Researcher, PhD Med.; I.G. Sinilkin – Senior researcher, PhD Med.; M.S. Larkina – Associate Prof., PhD Pharm; E.S. Stasyuk – Researcher, PhD Tech.; E.A. Nesterov – Researcher, PhD Tech.; V.S. Skuridin – Head of Lab., Dr. Sc. Tech., Prof.

Abstract

The article discusses the problems of diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors, which represent a heterogeneous group of oncological diseases with a variety of clinical manifestations and biological features, depending both on the localization, the tumor process and hormonal secretion. Despite the fact that neuroendocrine tumors are quite rare, there is a continuous increase in the incidence.

In this work particular attention is paid to the study of the role of high-affinity somatostatin receptors (sstr), considered as the main targets in the theranostics of this group of oncological pathology. In connection with the inability to use native somatostatin, its non-natural synthetic analogues are now actively used. Unlike native somatostatin, which binds to all sstr (1–5) with high affinity and specificity, somatostatin analogues interact with sstr2, sstr3 and sstr5.

Diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors is usually made on the basis of clinical symptoms, histological data and immunohistochemical studies with evaluation of hormonal expression. Unfortunately, the use of traditional diagnostic methods does not always fully assess the prevalence of the tumor process, which necessitates the creation of new visualizing agents. The application of nuclear medicine methods, especially the implementation of PET studies, in this case demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity.

The rapid development of personalized medicine makes it possible to use effective molecular targets in the same way for the therapy of oncological diseases. More recently, this principle has been applied to neuroendocrine tumors using ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE / ¹⁷⁷Lu-DOTA-octreotide pairs, which are successfully used in many nuclear medical centers.

Thus, currently labeled somatostatin analogues are widely used both for radionuclide diagnostics of neuroendocrine tumors, and for radionuclide therapy of these tumors. Multicentre studies with respect to radionuclide therapy of neuroendocrine tumors demonstrated high efficacy and proved the safety of its use. At the same time, only one pharmaceutical for imaging neuroendocrine tumors, ¹¹¹In-octreotide, has been registered in the Russian Federation, which necessitates research on the development of new domestic diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.

Key words: neuroendocrine tumors, somatostatin receptors, radiopharmaceuticals, theranostics

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For citation: Chernov VI, Bragina OD, Zelchan RV, Medvedeva AA, Sinilkin IG, Larkina MS, Stasyuk ES, Nesterov EA, Skuridin VS. Labeled Somatostatin Analogues in Theranostics of Neuroendocrine Tumors. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(3):42-9. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_5927f627a5c123.67647794

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 2. P. 35-38

DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b9573730e4.55456538

Theoretical Estimation of Risk Function and Total Mortality Rate Based on Weibull Distribution

S.V. Osovets

Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk region, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

S.V. Osovets - senior researcher, PhD Sc. Tech.

Abstract

Purpose: To estimate theoretically total mortality risk function parameters based on Weibull distribution and to calculate the average mortality rate.

Results: Lifespan distribution function takes the general form of:

where λ(t) is mortality rate function.

To obtain Weibull’s distribution mortality rate function (risk function) is represented as power equation:

where λ₀ and a are power model parameters.

We provided a function for estimation of λ₀ and >α parameters to be applied to a certain follow-up pattern using maximum likelihood technique (m deaths among N of potential outcomes during [0; T] period of time) which looks as:

As a result of minimization of the function we obtained generalized analytical λ₀ and α parameter estimates for risk association during a specified period of follow-up. We developed a new technique using power man-years which may be adapted for radiation epidemiology in future. For a set period of follow-up [t₁,t₂] (with assumptions t₂ > t₁ и [t₁, t₂] ⊂ [0; T]) the mean mortality rate λ(t) was estimated to be:

This equation implies that λ(t) depends not only on λ₀ and α parameters but also on the duration of the time line (t₁, t₂) during which the averaging is carried out. As a special case (with α = 1) the mean mortality rate is λ(t) = λ₀ , and consistent with exponential distribution.

Conclusion: The generalized technique for estimation of the coefficient and function of total mortality risk was developed on the basis of Weibull distribution. The obtained theoretical results may be used in radiation epidemiology in future.

Key words: risk function, total mortality, Weibull distribution, power man-years, estimation technique

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For citation: Osovets SV. Theoretical Estimation of Risk Function and Total Mortality Rate Based on Weibull Distribution. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(2):35-8. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_58f0b9573730e4.55456538

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