JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.
The journal is included in the List of Russian Reviewed Scientific Journals of the Higher Attestation Commission. Since 2008 the journal has been available on the Internet and indexed in the RISC database which is placed on Web of Science. Since February 2nd, 2018, the journal "Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety" has been indexed in the SCOPUS abstract and citation database.
Brief electronic versions of the Journal have been publicly available since 2005 on the website of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal: http://www.medradiol.ru. Since 2011, all issues of the journal as a whole are publicly available, and since 2016 - full-text versions of scientific articles. Since 2005, subscribers can purchase full versions of other articles of any issue only through the National Electronic Library. The editor of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal in accordance with the National Electronic Library agreement has been providing the Library with all its production since 2005 until now.
The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.
Since 2017 the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety has switched to digital identification of publications, assigning to each article the identifier of the digital object (DOI), which greatly accelerated the search for the location of the article on the Internet. In future it is planned to publish the English-language version of the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety for its development. In order to obtain information about the publication activity of the journal in March 2015, a counter of readers' references to the materials posted on the site from 2005 to the present which is placed on the journal's website. During 2015 - 2016 years on average there were no more than 100-170 handlings per day. Publication of a number of articles, as well as electronic versions of profile monographs and collections in the public domain, dramatically increased the number of handlings to the journal's website to 500 - 800 per day, and the total number of visits to the site at the end of 2017 was more than 230.000.
The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Issues journals
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-13-19
D.T. Petrosova1, D.V. Uskalova1, O.V. Kuzmicheva1, V.O. Saburov3,
E.I. Sarapultseva1, 2
Enhancement of the Cytotoxic Effect of Proton Irradiation by Gold Nanoparticles
1 Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, Obninsk, Russia
2 National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow, Russia
3 A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Obninsk, Russia
Contact person: D.T. Petrosova, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To evaluate the bioefficiency and biosafety of proton irradiation in combination with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on a model of a higher invertebrate animal Daphnia magna from the suborder crustaceans in in vivo experiments.
Materials and methods: The synthesis of AuNPs was carried out by a single-stage method of femtosecond laser ablation. A laboratory culture of Daphnia magna (D. magna) was used. Animals were cultured in a climatostat (model P2). Biological parameters (viability, fertility and cytotoxicity) were evaluated in two consecutive generations (F0) and (F1). Only animals of the parental generation (F0) were exposed to acute irradiation with a scanning proton beam (energy 150 MeV) on the Prometheus proton complex. Viability and fertility D. magna were evaluated in a 21-day experiment on a daily basis. A total of 10 to 60 individuals were analyzed in control and experimental groups. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by an MTT test modified for studies of the effect on invertebrates in in vivo experiments. From 11 to 97 samples were analyzed for cytotoxicity. There were 20 animals in each sample. The results are analyzed by methods of mathematical statistics adjusted for multiple comparisons.
Results: Irradiation at doses of 10 and 30 Gy caused a decrease in animal viability, which was increased in 1.35 times. Reproductive dysfunction was found in both irradiated and first-generation animals. The use of AuNPs did not cause oxidative stress in D. magna, but increased the cytotoxic effect of proton irradiation. AuNPs contributed to the cytotoxic effect.
Conclusions: Since the results obtained are consistent with the data published in the cited articles on vertebrates, it is possible to assume a universal mechanism of cytotoxic effect of proton irradiation in combination with AuNPs on both invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans, and the possibility of using AuNPs as radiosensitizers to enhance the effect of irradiation in binary proton therapy technologies.
Keywords: Daphnia magna, protons, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), viability, fertility, cytotoxicity, transgeneration effect
For citation: Petrosova DT, Uskalova DV, Kuzmicheva OV, Saburov VO., Sarapultseva E.I. Enhancement of the Cytotoxic Effect of Proton Irradiation by Gold Nanoparticles. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):13–19. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-13-19
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Academy of Sciences within the framework of scientific project No. 23-24-10041. The irradiation was carried out on the equipment of the Central Research Center «Radiological and Cellular Technologies» of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «NMIC Radiology» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-20-24
D.V. Molodtsova, N.Yu. Vorobyeva, L.I. Yashkina, T.M. Trubchenkova, D.V. Guryev, A.N. Osipov
Increased Radioresistance of Human Non-Small Cell Lung
Cancer Cells Surviving Cisplatin Exposure
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: D.V. Molodtsova, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To evaluate radioresistance of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells that survived and showed sustained growth after exposure to cisplatin.
Material and methods: The work used the NSCLC cell line A549, which was exposed to cisplatin at a concentration of 2.5 μg/ml four times to obtain a cell population that survives and produces stable growth after exposure to cisplatin, A549Pt. Cell irradiation was carried out on a RUB RUST-M1 X-ray biological installation (Russia) at a dose rate of 0.85 Gy/min. Cell death was assessed using flow cytometry. To analyze the effectiveness of DNA repair from double-strand breaks (DSBs), we used a quantitative assessment of the foci of DNA DSB marker proteins γH2AX and 53BP1.
Results: A549Pt NSCLC cells that survived and grew robustly after exposure to cisplatin exhibited reduced activation of apoptosis and produced less 53BP1 in response to additional cisplatin exposure compared to parental A549 cells. A549Pt also exhibit resistance to X-ray radiation, manifested in a decrease in the quantitative yield of foci of DNA DSB marker proteins γH2AX and 53BP1. The resistance of A549Pt cells to the effects of ionizing radiation, revealed in this work, can significantly reduce the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for malignant neoplasms. Further research is needed to identify the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms of the resistance of surviving cells to radiation therapy acquired during chemotherapy. In the future, this will increase the effectiveness of treatment of malignant neoplasms and avoid relapses.
Keywords: γH2AX, 53BP1, radioresistance, residual foci, DNA double-strand breaks, Х-ray irradiation, сisplatin
For citation: Molodtsova DV, Vorobyeva NYu, Yashkina LI, Trubchenkova TM, Guryev DV, Osipov AN. Increased Radioresistance of Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Surviving Cisplatin Exposure. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):20–24.
(In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-20-24
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The research was carried out with the support of the State Research Assignment cipher «Signal» (registration number in the USISU R&D system: 123011200048-4).
Contribution. Writing: D.V. Molodtsova, A.N. Osipov; Experimental planning: D.V. Molodtsova, N.Yu. Vorobyeva, A.N. Osipov, D.V. Guryev; Experimental work: D.V. Molodtsova, N.Yu. Vorobyeva, L.I. Yashkina, T.M. Blokhina; Vizualization: A.N. Osipov.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-34-47
A.N. Koterov, L.N. Ushenkova, I.G. Dibirgadzhiev, T.M. Bulanova, M.V. Kalinina
The Essence of Radiogenic Damages in the Lens: Threshold,
Tissue Reactions (Deterministic Effects), but not Stochastic,
Non-Threshold Effects
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: Alexey N. Koterov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
The purpose is to analyze the arguments ‘for’ and ‘against’ the assumption that radiogenic disturbances in the lens, previously considered as tissue reactions with a threshold (deterministic effects), may be stochastic events characterized by the absence of a threshold. The importance of the nature of radiation cataractogenesis for radiation safety is associated with the conceptual difference in approaches to developing Radiation Safety Standards. For threshold effects, Radiation Safety Standards with dose limits not exceeding the threshold is sufficient for 100 % protection, while for stochastic events, protection is based on the concept of ‘socially admissible risk’, since the probability of an effect exists at any radiation dose.
An analysis of four arguments in favor of the non-threshold and stochastic nature of radiogenic disturbances in the lens demonstrated that some considerations may not be relevant to the problem (such as the lack of a dose rate effect, which may be explained by the lack of DNA repair and cellular renewal in the lens). An attempt to justify the absence of a threshold of less than one by the value of the upper confidence interval for the risks in the cohort of victims of the atomic bombings is untenable based on the canons of statistics and epidemiology. Data on the effects of low-dose low-LET radiation (up to 0.1 Gy) on lens abnormalities are lacking for most study populations, and for those that have been reported (medical radiologists, industrial radiographers, and patients undergoing computed tomography), the results are inconsistent, non-system, and can be explained, among other things, by non-radiation factors. The last argument ‒ the molecular cellular prerequisites for the stochastic hypothesis (the presence of only a hypothetical biological mechanism) does not have direct evidentiary force in the field of epidemiology.
At the same time, there are strong arguments for the deterministic nature of radiogenic disorders in the lens. The main effect is the influence of the radiation dose on the severity of the pathology, which is typical only for tissue reactions. Experimental, epidemiological and environmental examples of dose dependencies for radiogenic disorders in the lens are presented, which cover almost all irradiated groups and conditions: effects on animals and people; radiation of different quality ‒ both low and high LET; for professional contingents, patients and residents of radioactively contaminated areas. Another argument is the long-term identification of threshold doses, both in laboratory and in epidemiological studies (from 2011–2012 to the present, the threshold is a dose of 0.5 Gy according to the ICRP and UNSCEAR). Based on these ICRP regulations, acceptable standards for lens irradiation were formed for professionals and the public.
The presented analytical study summarizes the discussion about the nature of radiogenic disorders in the lens: according to the totality of various correct data, these are threshold, tissue reactions (deterministic effects).
Keywords: lens, radiogenic disturbances, radiation cataracts, tissue reactions, threshold effect, stochastic effects
For citation: Koterov AN, Ushenkova LN, Dibirgadzhiev IG, Bulanova TM, Kalinina MV. The Essence of Radiogenic Damages in the Lens: Threshold, Tissue Reactions (Deterministic Effects), but not Stochastic, Non-Threshold Effects. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):34–47. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-34-47
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-25-33
S.M. Kiselev1, Yu.N. Zozul1, V.V. Shlygin1, A.M. Marenny2, A.N. Malakhova1,
S.V. Akhromeev1, F.F. Faizrakhmanov3
Radiological Survey of Schools and Kindergardens in Snezhinsk
1 A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
2 Scientific and Technical Center for Radiation and Chemical Safety and Hygiene, Moscow, Russia
3 Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology No. 15 FMBA of Russia, Snezhinsk, Russia
Contact person: S.M. Kiselev, е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
Purpose: Radiological survey in schools and kindergardens of Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk region.
Material and methods: Total 209 public premises on the ground floor and basements were examined. Ambient dose equivalent power measurements were performed by DKG-02U ARBITER. SSNTDs were used to measure annual indoor radon concentrations during the warm and cold seasons.
Results: Indoor gamma dose rate varies within the range 0.10–0.21 μSv/h. Annual equilibrium equivalent concentration of radon (EECRn) varies over a wide range up to 590 Bq/m3, exceeding 100 Bq/m3 in 10 % of surveyed premises. Average annual values of equivalent equilibrium concentration are about 30 Bq/m3 and characterize the radon situation as generally acceptable. The difference in the values of the EECRn in brick buildings and buildings made of reinforced concrete panels has been revealed. The average annual EECRn values reach 590 Bq/m3 in brick buildings, and 360 Bq/m3 in buildings made of reinforced concrete panels, with average values of 32 and
18 Bq/m3, respectively. Sealing brick and reinforced concrete buildings by installing plastic double-glazed windows enhances these differences.
Conclusions: The survey revealed a critical group of buildings with enhanced indoor radon. Old brick buildings (1950‒1970) with unventilated basements and installed plastic double-glazed windows are characterized by the highest indoor radon concentration in public premises. These type of buildings require in-depth radon research and planning of radon protection measures if necessary.
Keywords: radon, SSNTD, kindergartens, schools, basements, public premises, wooden windows, plastic windows
For citation: Kiselev SM, Zozul YuN, Shlygin VV, Marenny AM, Malakhova AN, Akhromeev SV, Faizrakhmanov FF. Radiological Survey of Schools and Kindergardens in Snezhinsk. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):25–33. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-25-33
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The work was financed under the State Contract as part of the Federal Target Program «Nuclear and Radiation Safety for 2016-2020 and for the period until 2030».
Contribution. Kiselev S.M. – data collection and processing, writing the text; Zozul Yu.N. – data collection and processing, writing the text; Shlygin V.V. –
sample measurements, statistical data processing; Marenny A.M. – study conception and design, writing and editing the text; Malakhova A.N. –
sample measurements, literary material analysis; Akhromeev S.V. – sample measurements, editing the text; Faizrakhmanov F.F. – editing the text.
All authors are responsible for approval of the final version of the article and integrity of all parts of the article.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-48-54
F.S. Torubarov, M.V. Kuleshova, N.A. Metlyaeva, S.N. Lukyanova
Studying the State of the Autonomic Nervous System and Hemodynamics in the Liquidators of the Accident
at the Chernobyl NPP
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: N.A. Metlyaeva, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Comparative analysis of changes in the state of the autonomic nervous system and hemodynamics in liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident and individuals in the comparison group exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation.
Material and methods: The study was carried out for 141 liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident and 84 male comparison group people aged from 30 to 50 years (41.24 ± 0.41) and (40.95 ± 0.54), respectively. Only liquidators could be exposed to ionizing effects. All of them, the dose of ionizing radiation did not exceed 0.5 Gy. All individuals underwent a clinical, neurological and electrophysiological examination in A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center. The main attention was paid to studying the state of the autonomic nervous system and hemodynamics in participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident.
Results: Clinical examination made it possible to diagnose neurological disorders in both groups in the form of: vegetative-vascular dystonia, neurocirculatory dystonia, dyscirculatory encephalopathy of various etiologies ‒ with a statistically significant predominance of their quantity and quality among liquidators. The changes observed in liquidators are functional and nonspecific.
Conclusions: In the group of liquidators, a significant increase in the number and severity of the considered neurological disorders was revealed. Comparison of the examined groups according to the state of central hemodynamics showed the absence of a statistically significant connection between the state of cerebral blood flow and low-dose irradiation. At the same time, a connection was established between the state of cerebral hemodynamics and systemic autonomic tone and the age of the examined individuals. The combination of permanent and paroxysmal autonomic disorders, psychosomatic disorders can be considered as a manifestation of hypothalamic dysfunction that has developed against the background of vascular disorders in the brain that have arisen with age.
Keywords: accident at Chernobyl NPP, liquidators, autonomic nervous sistem, hemodynamics, functional diagnostics
For citation: Torubarov FS, Kuleshova MV, Metlyaeva NA, Lukyanova SN. Studying the State of the Autonomic Nervous System and Hemodynamics in the Liquidators of the Accident at the Chernobyl NPP. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):48–54.
(In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-48-54
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.