JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
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The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.
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The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Issues journals
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-53-58
E.A. Blinova1, 2, A.V. Korechenkova1, M.A. Yanishevskaya1, А.V. Akleyev1, 2
Effect of Repair Gene Polymorphism on the Risk
of Malignant Neoplasm Development after Chronic Radiation Exposure
1 Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
2 Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Contact person: E.A. Blinova, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
The efficiency of DNA integrity repair processes after radiation exposure may depend on hereditary variations of repair genes caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms. Disturbances or even failure of repair processes trigger a chain of reactions leading to genome instability and oncogenic transformation of the cell.
Purpose: To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphism in genes of nucleotide excision repair (ERCC2 rs13181, XPC rs2228001), AP site repair (APEX rs1130409), homologous recombination (XRCC3 rs861539), single-strand DNA break repair (XRCC1 rs25487), and double-strand DNA break repair (PARP rs1136410, XRCC4 rs2075685) with the risk of malignant neoplasm development of various localisations in chronically exposed persons.
Material and methods: The study was conducted in 861 individuals who were exposed to chronic low dose rate radiation. 274 people of which had malignant neoplasms (MN) of various localisations and 587 people made up the comparison group (exposed persons without MN). The mean accumulated dose to red bone marrow (RBM) in the group of people with MN was 561.65±25.31 mGy, while in the comparison group it was 543.14±36.06 mGy. Genotyping of polymorphic loci rs13181, rs2228001, rs1130409, rs861539, rs25487, rs1136410, and rs2075685 was performed by real-time PCR. The association of polymorphic loci with the risk of MN development was determined by the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI). A multifactor dimensionality reduction method was used to assess intergenic interactions.
Results: Single-stranded DNA break repair gene rs25487 (XRCC1) polymorphism in accordance with the dominant model is associated with an increased risk of MN development in the combined group of the examined persons (OR=1.79 (1.12‒2.87), p=0.01). The polymorphism of the gene involved in homologous recombination rs861539 (XRCC3) in accordance with the recessive model is associated with a reduced risk of MN development both in the combined group of exposed persons (OR = 0.25 (0.15‒0.41; p<0.00001), and separately in the group of the Slavs (OR = 0.28 (0.13‒0.60); p<0.0001) and in the group of the Turks (OR = 0.22 (0.11‒0.44; p<0.0001). The model of interfactorial interactions allowed us to establish a protective effect with respect to the risk of MN development in carriers of polymorphic loci rs861539 of XRCC3 gene and rs1130409 of APEX1 gene (p<0.001).
Keywords: chronic radiation exposure, single nucleotide polymorphism, repair genes, malignant neoplasm
For citation: Blinova EA, Korechenkova AV, Yanishevskaya MA, Akleyev АV. Effect of Repair Gene Polymorphism on the Risk of Malignant Neoplasm Development after Chronic Radiation Exposure. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):53–58. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-53-58
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The article was prepared as part of the implementation of the federal target program “Ensuring nuclear and radiation safety for 2016-2020 and for the period until 2030” (contract No. 27.501.21.2 dated June 11, 2021).
Contribution. Blinova EA – methodology development, article authoring;
AV Korechenkova – statistical processing, article authoring;
Yanishevskaya MA – laboratory research, article authoring; Akleyev AV — development of the research concept, scientific supervision, article authoring.
Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-59-65
A.I. Kotikova, V.S. Nikiforov, E.A. Blinova, A.V. Akleyev
Assessment of T-Regulatory Cell Population and Foxp3 Gene Expression in Chronically Exposed Residents of the Urals Region
Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Contact person: Alisa Igorevna Kotikova, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
Purpose: To conduct a pilot study on the quantity of regulatory T-cells (Treg) in the peripheral blood and to assess transcriptional activity of FOXP3 gene in chronically exposed persons.
Material and methods: The study included 77 participants who were divided into two groups: exposed people – 45 individuals, with an average accumulated dose to red bone marrow (RBM) of 641.21±80.41 mGy, and a comparison group – 32 individuals, with an average accumulated RBM dose of 20.38±2.51 mGy. The study on the assessment of FOXP3 gene expression was conducted on 298 individuals: the irradiated group consisted of 163 individuals with an average accumulated dose to RBM of 702±43.10 mGy; the comparison group included 135 individuals with an average accumulated dose to RBM of 17.30±1.40 mGy. The study groups did not differ significantly by age, sex and ethnicity. Quantitative assessment of regulatory T-cells in the peripheral blood was performed using flow cytometry method by the presence of T-helper markers CD3 and CD4, high expression of marker CD25 and low expression of marker CD127. Thus, the phenotype of T-regulatory lymphocytes was described as CD3+CD4+CD25highCD127low. The relative mRNA content of the FOXP3 gene was assessed by PCR-RT.
Results: More than 70 years after the onset of chronic radiation, no statistically significant changes in the pool of regulatory T-cells were detected in the exposed persons: the content of absolute and relative amount of Treg did not differ statistically significantly between the studied groups (p=0.91 and p=0.29, respectively); no statistically significant relationship of Treg indices with the accumulated doses to RBM and thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs were found. No statistically significant differences in FOXP3 gene mRNA expression were found between exposed individuals and the comparison group. A linear positive dependence of FOXP3 gene mRNA expression on the relative number of regulatory T-cells was shown (p=0.007).
Keywords: chronic exposure, regulatory T cells, immunity, gene expression, FOXP3
For citation: Kotikova AI, Nikiforov VS, Blinova EA, Akleyev AV. Assessment of T-Regulatory Cell Population and Foxp3 Gene Expression in Chronically Exposed Residents of the Urals Region. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):59–65. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-59-65
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The work was carried out as part of the: «Study on the effect of chronic radiation exposure on the state of the human T-cell immune system».
Contribution. Kotikova AI ‒ laboratory research, statistical processing, article authoring; Nikiforov VS – laboratory research, statistical processing, article authoring; Blinova EA ‒ article authoring; Akleyev AV ‒ development of the research concept, scientific supervision, article authoring.
Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-75-86
A.N. Koterov, L.N. Ushenkova, I.G. Dibirgadzhiev, T.M. Bulanova
Comparison of the Total Mortality Risk for Nuclear Workers, Uranium Miners and other Occupations with the Risk of Passive Smoking (Meta-Analysis)
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: Alexey N. Koterov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
Despite thousands of studies and about 150 meta-analyses for the effects of second hand smoking (SHS) on the mortality risks from individual diseases for mortality from all causes there are two orders of magnitude less work and only one meta-analysis Lv X. et al, 2015.
Based on a selected sample of works (search in MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Elibrary, Google and reference lists of sources) on all cause mortality due to SHS for exposure to adults (18 publications; 1984–2014), a systematic review, combined analysis and meta-analysis of the appropriate risk (Relative Risk, RR; odds ratio, OR and Hazard Ratio, HR), the value of which was 1.14 (95 % confidence intervals: 1.10, 1.19). This value according to the gradation of risks (R. Monson, 1980, 1990) is ‘indeterminable’, but when compared with the risks of mortality from occupational factors, it is very significant.
By searching through these systems, as well as in the supported database, a selection of meta- and pooled analyzes on the Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) for all causes with reference to various kinds of activity, including harmful/dangerous trades was collected. For a number of professions, their own meta-analyses have previously been performed.
Of the 20 employment types considered, only five (25 %) were comparable in risk to or slightly higher than the SHS total mortality index
(in increasing magnitude of risk: coal miners, dust exposure, asbestos exposure, beta-naphthylamine, and asbestos cement production). For 70 % of rhazardous/harmful occupations reviewed, the risk of death was statistically significantly lower than from SHS (pilots, nuclear workers, physicians, wood processing, cotton textile production, acrylonitrile exposure, military, rubber production, chemical industry, organic solvent production, drivers, working with plant protection chemicals, exposure to Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu and uranium miners). Only for a few professions was the ‘Healthy Worker Effect’ possible: pilots, the nuclear workers, the military and, less expectedly, drivers and physicians.
Thus, the risk of death from SHS is higher than the risk for most hazardous/harmful occupations, including the nuclear industry and uranium mines. This indicates, on the one hand, the special danger of SHS and the need to strengthen measures to limit smoking, including at enterprises subordinate to the FMBA of Russia. On the other hand, the fact that for most hazardous occupations the mortality risks are now lower or comparable to the risks from SHS may reflect the high level of occupational safety and health and progress in its organization.
The importance and public-social significance of this study, which complements and corrects the earlier meta-analysis of the SHS effect
(Lv X. et al, 2015), is that the risk index of overall mortality, all causes, was used, that is, the final index, in contrast from the risks of mortality from individual pathologies or situations.
Keywords: passive smoking, meta-analyses, standardized mortality ratio, risks of mortality from all causes, harmful and hazardous types of employment
For citation: Koterov AN, Ushenkova LN, Dibirgadzhiev IG, Bulanova TM. Comparison of the Total Mortality Risk for Nuclear Workers, Uranium Miners and other Occupations with the Risk of Passive Smoking (Meta-Analysis). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):75–86. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-75-86
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-66-74
E.A. Kodintseva1, A.А. Akleyev2
Prospects and Methods for Studying the Proliferative Capacity
of the Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Radiation Medicine
1 Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
1 Southern-Urals State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Contact person: E.A. Kodintseva, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
CONTENT
Introduction
1. Proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes as an integrative indicator of the functional activity of ICS in normal and pathological conditions.
2. Features of proliferative activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes under the action of AI.
3. Methodological approaches to the quantitative determination of proliferating cells in human peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations.
Conclusion
Keywords: chronic radiation exposure, the Techa River, peripheral blood lymphocytes, proliferative activity, individual radiosensiti-
vity, late effects of radiation exposure
For citation: Kodintseva EA, Akleyev AА. Prospects and Methods for Studying the Proliferative Capacity of the Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Radiation Medicine. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):66–74. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-66-74
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. This study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the FMBA of Russia: “Evaluation of the medical and biological effects of chronic radiation exposure and mechanisms of their development to improve the methods for early detection of exposure effects” (Immunohematopoiesis-24)”.
Contribution. All authors confirm that their authorship meets the international ICMJE criteria. Kodintseva Е. А. ‒ conceived and designed the study, prepared the first draft of the article, read and approved the final version before publication. Akleуev А. А. ‒ conceived and designed the study, scientific editing, read and approved the final version before publication.
Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-87-94
S.Yu. Chekin, S.V. Karpenko, M.A. Maksioutov, P.V. Kascheeva,
A.M. Korelo, N.V. Shchukina, E.V. Kochergina, O.E. Lashkova, N.S. Zelenskaya
Assessment of Radiation Risks of Mortality from Circulatory System Diseases in the Cohort of Liquidators of the Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, Considering the Influence of Other Diseases Identified During the Observation Period
A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Obninsk, Russia
Contact person: S.Yu. Chekin, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To assess the radiation risk of mortality from circulatory system diseases (CSD) in the cohort of liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident, considering the impact of other diseases detected in them during the observation period.
Material and methods: Radiation risks of mortality from CSD were studied in the cohort of liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident observed in the National Radiation and Epidemiological Register (NRER) system from 1986 to 2022. The studied deaths are included in the codes I00–I99 of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases of the 10th Revision (ICD-10). Among the 89,594 members of the studied cohort, 16,780 deaths from CSD were identified. Mean age at the beginning of exposure was 34 years, the average absorbed dose of external gamma exposure of the whole body was 0.133 Gy, the maximum dose was 1.5 Gy, the average duration of exposure was 2.6 months. To analyze the dependence of the radiation risk of mortality from CSD on the presence of other diseases in them, regression models of excess relative risk (ERR) and nonparametric relative risk (RR) estimates in dose groups were used.
Results: The average estimate of the excess relative risk ratio ERR/Gy=0.53 for the entire cohort, which is quantitatively comparable to the previously obtained estimate of ERR/Gy=0.74 for mortality from solid malignancies in the same cohort. The assessment of the radiation risk of mortality from CSD in the cohort of liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident depends on the presence of diseases from other categories identified in them during the observation period. Diseases of respiratory (J00-J99) and digestive organs (K00–K93) are radiation-competing risk factors for death from CSD. The risk group for radiation-related mortality from CSD with an estimate of ERR/Gy=1.22 consists of relatively healthy liquidators without respiratory and digestive diseases. Nonparametric estimates of relative radiation risk (RR) confirm the correctness of the linear non-threshold model of radiation risk of mortality of liquidators from CSD, regardless of the degree of multimorbidity of their health status.
Conclusions: The practical dose thresholds for mortality of liquidators from CSD depend on their health status and are in the range of 0.01–0.21 Gy, which is significantly less than the currently accepted ICRP level of 0.5 Gy. The determination of such thresholds does not mean that there is no effect of radiation at doses below the threshold doses. Further accumulation of radiation and epidemiological data in the NRER system will allow for the analysis of radiation risks considering multimorbidity, more detailed by diagnosis.
Keywords: radiation risk, liquidators, National Radiation and Epidemiological Register, diseases of the circulatory system, relative risk, linear non-threshold model, multiplicative model, excess relative risk
For citation: Chekin SYu, Karpenko SV, Maksioutov MA, Kascheeva PV, Korelo AM, Shchukina NV, Kochergina EV, Lashkova OE,
Zelenskaya NS. Assessment of Radiation Risks of Mortality from Circulatory System Diseases in the Cohort of Liquidators of the Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, Considering the Influence of Other Diseases Identified During the Observation Period. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):87–94. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-87-94
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.