Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-21-27

L.A. Romodin, А.А. Moskovskij

Assessment of the Effect of Ascorbic, Malic and Succinic Acids
on Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in A549 Cells

A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: L.A. Romodin, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Relevance: For modern radiobiology, the problem of finding pharmacological protection against radiation damage remains urgent. Interest in this topic does not weaken due to the high chemical toxicity of all generally recognized radioprotectors. One of the most studied drugs in this regard are substances with antioxidant activity, which is due to the ability of antioxidants to inhibit the processes of oxidative stress. 

Purpose: The effect of malic, succinic and ascorbic acids on radiation-induced oxidative stress in the culture of human lung adenocarcinoma cells of the A549 line. 

Material and methods: In the course of the work, the effect of solutions of malic, ascorbic and succinic acids in concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM on the intensity of radiation-induced oxidant stress in the adsorption culture of cells of the A549 line was studied. Oxidative stress was induced by X-ray radiation at a dose of 8 Gy. The level of reactive oxygen species was estimated based on the ratio of the fluorescence intensity of the dye dichlorofluorescein to that of the dye Hoechst-33342. 

Results: Under the influence of the studied substances, a statistically significant decrease in the content of reactive oxygen species in the cells was observed. The most pronounced effect is observed in samples treated with succinic acid. In non-irradiated samples in the presence of ascorbic and malic acids at a concentration of the studied substances of 100 mM, a statistically significant increase in the intensity of fluorescence is observed, which can be explained by the reduction of intracellular trivalent iron to Fe²⁺ under the action of these substances, which contributed to the Fenton reaction. 

Conclusions: Based on the results obtained during this study, it can be assumed that malic acid, ascorbic acid and, in particular, succinic acid have some radioprotective properties. However, additional studies on other model systems, including various cell lines, are needed to confirm the presence of these properties. The results of the presented work make it possible in the future to begin the development of therapeutic schemes to alleviate the effects of radiation using the studied substances. 

Keywords: A549 cells, X-rays, oxidative stress, malic acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid

For citation: Romodin LA, Moskovskij АА. Assessment of the Effect of Ascorbic, Malic and Succinic Acids on Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in A549 Cells. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):21–27. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-21-27

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The work was carried out within the framework of research and development «Technology-3» (the registration number of research and development in the EGISU R&D system: 1230113001053).

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-42-52

V.V. Vostrotin

Using the Bayesian Approach for the Case of Acute Inhalation of Pu-239 Industrial Compounds

Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk, Russia

Contact person: V.V. Vostrotin, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Bayesian approach has found wide application for the tasks of estimating doses of internal exposure under various intake scenarios. The South Ural Institute of Biophysics has accumulated considerable experience in using the Bayesian approach to estimate the expected effective doses of internal exposure for current individual dosimetry control when radionuclides intake into body by various ways. Attributing the type of compounds Moderate or Slow according to the NRB-99/2009 classification for acute inhalation of industrial Pu-239 compounds bias dose estimates to the lungs, which leads to the need to develop a new methodology.

Purpose: The development of a calculation methodology using the Bayesian approach for the case of acute inhalation of industrial Pu-239 compounds into the human body and its testing in artificial cases.

Material and methods: A technique is presented for interpreting a series of measurement results of Pu-239 activity in daily urine and/or daily feces to assess the distribution of intake, two key parameters of the biokinetic model of ICRP Publication 66 (the proportion of rapid absorption f_r and the rate of slow absorption into the blood s_s), as well as annual weighted equivalent doses to the lungs. The technique allows using a prior information about the estimated parameters and correctly processing measurement results below the detection limit.

Results: A jDose program has been created that implements the technique in ~ 20 minutes on a modern office computer. The program was tested on artificial cases with 10 measurements of Pu-239 activity in daily urine and 10 in daily feces during the first 10 days after acute inhalation intake at AMAD = 1 µm. Testing showed reproducibility of the set «true» parameter values in the range (average ± 2 standard deviations) with an increase in the proportion of unreliable measurement results. The increase in the proportion of unreliable measurement results had the greatest impact on the estimation of the coefficient of variation of the slow absorption rate parameter into the blood s_s.

Keywords: plutonium, inhalation intake, internal exposure, Bayesian approach

For citation: Vostrotin VV. Using the Bayesian Approach for the Case of Acute Inhalation of Pu-239 Industrial Compounds. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):42–52. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-42-52 

References

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2. Molokanov A.A., Yatsenko V.N., Kukhta B.A., Burtsev S.L., Sokolova T.N., Kononykina N.N., Maksimova E.Yu., Yatsenko O.V. Investigation of Work Accident with Atypical Plutonium Intake. Meditsina Katastrof = Disaster Medicine. 2014;1:10-11 (In Russ.).

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4. Molokanov A.A, Kukhta B.A., Galushkin B.A. Calculation of Internal Dose and Possible Limits for Intakes of Radionuclides in Case of Plutonium Wounds. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost’ = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;6;65:27-37 (In Russ.).

5. Vostrotin V.V., Yanov A.Y., Finashov L.V. Assessment of The Committed Effective Dose Equivalent and Its Uncertainty from Incidental Internal Tritium Exposure. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 2022. ncac078.

6. Efimov A.V., Sokolova A.B., Suslova K.G. Main Results of Scientific and Practical Activities of Southern Ural Biophysics Institute in the Field of Radiation Safety. Voprosy Radiatsionnoy Bezopasnosti = Issues of Radiation Safety. 2023;3;111:4-15 (In Russ.).

7. Kochetkov O.A. Dozimetricheskiy Kontrol’ Professional’nogo Vnutrennego Oblucheniya. Obshchiye Trebovaniya= Dosimetric Control of Professional Internal Exposure. General Requirements. Methodological Guidelines MU 2.6.1.065-2014. Approved by the Federal Medical and Biological Agency on November 6, 2014. Moscow, FMBA of Russia Publ., 2014 (In Russ.).

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9. Vostrotin V.V., Zhdanov A.N., Efimov A.V. Individual Dosimetry Monitoring (IDC) of Internal Exposure of Professional Workers Using the Computer Program “iDose 2” Based on the Bayesian Approach. Voprosy Radiatsionnoy Bezopasnosti = Issues of Radiation Safety. 2016;2;82:45-54 (In Russ.).

10. Vostrotin V.V., Zhdanov A.N., Efimov A.V. Testing the System of Individual Dosimetry Monitoring (IDC) of Internal Exposure of Professional Workers during Inhalation Intake of Insoluble Plutonium Compounds Using the iDose 2 Computer Program. Voprosy Radiatsionnoy Bezopasnosti = Issues of Radiation Safety. 2016;3;83:78-83 (In Russ.).

11. Vostrotin V.V., Zhdanov A.N., Efimov A.V. Approbation of the iDose 2 Computer Program in Relation to the Tasks of Individual Dosimetry Control (IDK) of Internal Irradiation of Personnel of FSUE PO “MAYAK” during Inhalation of Plutonium. ANRI. 2017;4;91:45-54 (In Russ.).

12. Vostrotin V.V. Integration of Icrp Oir Models into the iDose 2 Dosimetry System. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost’ = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2023;5;68:19-27 (In Russ.).

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The author declares that there are no conflicts of interest.

Financing. The work was carried out within the framework of the research project « Improvement of control methods and study of the peculiarities of the formation of internal radiation doses for the personnel of Mayak PA and the population of adjacent territories», cipher «Control-22», funded by the FMBA of Russia.

Contribution. Conceptual development, creation of R scripts, mathematical calculations and their quality control were carried out by one author.

Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-34-41

A.V. Titov, Iu.S. Belskikh, D.V. Isaev, N.K. Shandala,
T.A. Doroneva, Iu.V. Krotkova, M.P. Semenova, A.A. Shitova, A.A. Filonova

Radio-Ecological Situation in the Area of the Settlement of Narta (Kalmykia)

A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: A.V. Titov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To assess radio-ecological situation in the settlement of Narta and estimate current public doses.

Material and methods: To measure the ambient dose equivalent rate (ADER), the pedestrian gamma survey method was used using a portable spectrometric complex MKS-01A “Multirad-M”  and dosimeter-radiometer MKS- AT6101c. To measure the ADER in courtyards and indoors, a gamma radiation dosimeter DKG-02U “Arbiter” was used. The activity of gamma-emitting radionuclides in soil samples was measured using a stationary gamma spectrometer from CANBERRA. The activities of ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb were measured using a radiometric installation UMF-2000 following their radiochemical separation from samples. Volumetric activity (VA) and equilibrium equivalent volumetric activity (EEVA) of radon were measured with  an aerosol alpha radiometer for radon and thoron RAA-20P2 “Poisk”, REI-4 cameras with film track detectors of the TRACK-REI 1M set (Russia) and an integrated radon radiometer «Radon Scout PLUS». Public dose assessment was carried out in accordance with a guidelines MU 2.6.1.1088-02.

Results: The average value of the ADER on the territory of the settlement is 0.10±0.01 µSv/h, and in the premises this value is 0.10±0.02 µSv/h. Average annual values of radon VA in dwellings range from 27 to 330 Bq/m³ (average value is
110 Bq/m³, median is 97 Bq/m³). Average annual individual effective radiation doses to the population from all natural factors range from 2.5 to 13 mSv, with an average value of 5.4 and a median of 4.9 mSv.

Conclusions: The radio-ecological situation is the settlement of Narta does not differ from that in the background settlement – the village of Uldyuchiny. The average annual values of EEVA in dwellings and offices of the settlement do not exceed the permissible level for the operating buildings of 200 Bq/m³. The annual individual effective public dose in the village of Narta is higher than the average value for Kalmykia (3.4 mSv) due to increased dose values from the inhalation intake of radon and its daughter radionuclides in the premises.

Keywords: radio-ecological survey, natural radionuclides, gamma radiation, radon, mine, specific activity

For citation: Titov AV, Belskikh IuS, Isaev DV, Shandala NK, Doroneva TA, Krotkova IuV, Semenova MP, Shitova AA, Filonova AA. Radio-Ecological Situation in the Area of the Settlement of Narta (Kalmykia). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):34–41. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-34-41

References

1. URL: https://koka-lermont.livejournal.com/2820131.html. Koltsov’s Expedition (accessed date: April 22, 2024) (In Russ.).

2. Pyatov EA. Strane Byl Nuzhen Uran. Istoriya Geologorazvedochnykh Rabot na Uran v SSSR =The Country Needed Uranium. History of Geological Exploration for Uranium in the USSR. Ed. G.A.Mashkovtsev. Moscow Publ., 2005. 246 p.
(In Russ.).

3. Naseleniye Poselka Narta Priyutnenskogo Rayona Respubliki Kalmykiya = Population of the Village of Narta, Priyutnensky District, Republic of Kalmykia. URL: https://bdex.ru/naselenie/respublika-kalmykiya/n/priutnenskiy/narta/ (accessed date: April 22, 2024) (In Russ.).

4. Radiatsionnaya Obstanovka na Territorii Rossii i Sopredel’nykh Gosudarstv v 2019 godu = Radiation Situation in Russiaand Neighboring Countries in 2019. Yearbook. Obninsk Publ., 2020. 339 p. (In Russ.).

5. Åkerblom G., German O., Stamat I., Soderman Ann-Louis, Venkov V. Radon v Zhilykh Zdaniyakh Respubliki Kalmykiya. Rezul’taty Natsional’noy Programmy Issledovaniy za 2006-2007 gg. = Radon in Residential Buildings of the Republic of Kalmykia. Resultsfrom the National Radon Survey 2006-2007. Report. St. Petersburg Publ., 2009. 46 p. (In Russ.). ISSN 2000-0456. URL: www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se 

6. Radiatsionnaya Obstanovka na Territorii Rossiyskoy Federatsii v 2022 godu. Spravochnik = Radiation Situation on the Territory of the Russian Federation in 2022. Handbook. St. Petersburg Publ., 2023. 66 p. (In Russ.).

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The work was financed under the State Contract as part of the Federal Target Program «Nuclear and Radiation Safety for 2016-2020 and for the period until 2030».

Contribution. Titov A.V., Senior Researcher – data collection and processing, writing the text; Belskikh Iu.S., Researcher – data collection and processing, writing the text; Isaev D.V., Senior Researcher – data collection and processing, writing the text; Shandala N.K., Deputy General Director, Dr. Sci. Med. – study conception and design, writing and editing the text; Doroneva T.A., Researcher – sample measurements, statistical data processing; Krotko-
va Iu.V., Junior Researcher – sample measurements, statistical data processing; Semenova M.P., Senior Researcher – literary material analysis, editing the text; Shitova A.A., Junior Researcher – sample measurements, statistical data processing; Filonova A.A., Senior Researcher – sample measurements, statistical data processing All authors are responsible for approval of the final version of the article and integrity of all parts of the article.

Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 5

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-53-58

E.A. Blinova^{1, 2}, A.V. Korechenkova¹, M.A. Yanishevskaya¹, А.V. Akleyev^{1, 2}

Effect of Repair Gene Polymorphism on the Risk
of Malignant Neoplasm Development after Chronic Radiation Exposure

¹ Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia

² Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia

Contact person: E.A. Blinova, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

The efficiency of DNA integrity repair processes after radiation exposure may depend on hereditary variations of repair genes caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms. Disturbances or even failure of repair processes trigger a chain of reactions leading to genome instability and oncogenic transformation of the cell.  

Purpose: To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphism in genes of nucleotide excision repair (ERCC2 rs13181, XPC rs2228001), AP site repair (APEX rs1130409), homologous recombination (XRCC3 rs861539), single-strand DNA break repair (XRCC1 rs25487), and double-strand DNA break repair (PARP rs1136410, XRCC4 rs2075685) with the risk of malignant neoplasm development of various localisations in chronically exposed persons.

Material and methods: The study was conducted in 861 individuals who were exposed to chronic low dose rate radiation. 274 people of which had malignant neoplasms (MN) of various localisations and 587 people made up the comparison group (exposed persons without MN). The mean accumulated dose to red bone marrow (RBM) in the group of people with MN was 561.65±25.31 mGy, while in the comparison group it was 543.14±36.06 mGy. Genotyping of polymorphic loci rs13181, rs2228001, rs1130409, rs861539, rs25487, rs1136410, and rs2075685 was performed by real-time PCR. The association of polymorphic loci with the risk of MN development was determined by the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI). A multifactor dimensionality reduction method was used to assess intergenic interactions.

Results: Single-stranded DNA break repair gene rs25487 (XRCC1) polymorphism in accordance with the dominant model is associated with an increased risk of MN development in the combined group of the examined persons (OR=1.79 (1.12‒2.87), p=0.01). The polymorphism of the gene involved in homologous recombination rs861539 (XRCC3) in accordance with the recessive model is associated with a reduced risk of MN development both in the combined group of exposed persons (OR = 0.25 (0.15‒0.41; p<0.00001), and separately in the group of the Slavs (OR = 0.28 (0.13‒0.60); p<0.0001) and in the group of the Turks (OR = 0.22 (0.11‒0.44; p<0.0001). The model of interfactorial interactions allowed us to establish a protective effect with respect to the risk of MN development in carriers of polymorphic loci rs861539 of XRCC3 gene and rs1130409 of APEX1 gene (p<0.001).

Keywords: chronic radiation exposure, single nucleotide polymorphism, repair genes, malignant neoplasm

For citation: Blinova EA, Korechenkova AV, Yanishevskaya MA, Akleyev АV. Effect of Repair Gene Polymorphism on the Risk of Malignant Neoplasm Development after Chronic Radiation Exposure. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(5):53–58. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-5-53-58 

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The article was prepared as part of the implementation of the federal target program “Ensuring nuclear and radiation safety for 2016-2020 and for the period until 2030” (contract No. 27.501.21.2 dated June 11, 2021).

Contribution. Blinova EA – methodology development, article authoring;
AV Korechenkova – statistical processing, article authoring;
Yanishevskaya MA – laboratory research, article authoring; Akleyev AV — development of the research concept, scientific supervision, article authoring.

Article received: 20.05.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.06.2024.