Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 1

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-1-39-44

M.N. Ziyatdinov, A.R. Tukov, A.M. Mikhailenko, M.G. Archegova

Digital Technologies in Recording Occupational Diseases and their Analysis

A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: Alexander Romanovich Tukov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

The article is aimed at the study of digital technology in the sectoral occupational health service. The relevance of the study is due to the changing requirements to the accounting of occupational diseases and their analysis.

The article presents a model of digital health care ‒ the Industry Register of Persons with Occupational Diseases, formulates the tasks, stages of its creation and recommendations for its implementation. 

Digital health care is a project that accumulates data on employees with occupational diseases in digital form from health care institutions of FMBA of Russia in order to record and process them and make effective management decisions on their socio-medical rehabilitation.

The development and application of digital health in this direction represents an innovative management system that implies the preservation of professional longevity. 

The digital health model in the Sectoral Occupational Health Service was implemented with the exclusion of the existing model, immediately taking over its powers and functions. This implementation process eliminated the loss of information while improving the culture of statistical recording of occupational diseases and their analysis.

In the process of changing the existing system of accounting and reporting in the professional service of the industry, at the same time, information transparency is growing, built on a personal basis, forms a dialog between FMBA of Russia and producers of medical services in health care institutions of the industry. 

This technology makes it possible to carry out actual monitoring of professional health of employees of enterprises and institutions serviced by health care institutions of FMBA of Russia, about its trend.

Keywords: occupational diseases, Industry register, stages of register creation, digital technologies, digital twin

For citation: Ziyatdinov MN, Tukov AR, Mikhailenko AM, Archegova MG. Digital Technologies in Recording Occupational Diseases and their Analysis. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(1):39–44. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-1-39-44

References

1. Orlov G.M. Digital Healthcare in Russia: the History of Three Decades of Development and Trends in the Transition to Patient Orientation. Vrach i Informatsionnyye Tekhnologii = Doctor and Information Technology. 2024;1:6-27 (In Russ.). doi: 10.25881/18110193_2024_1_6. 

2. Shakhabov I.V., Mel’nikov Yu.Yu., Smyshlyayev A.V. Features of the Development of Digital Technologies in Healthcare in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nauchnoye Obozreniye. Meditsinskiye Nauki = Scientific Review. Medical Sciences. 2020;6:66-71 (In Russ.).

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.10.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.11.2024.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 1

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-1-53-59

I.A. Galstian, A.Yu. Bushmanov, F.S. Torubarov, Z.F. Zvereva,
O.V. Shcherbatykh, V.Yu. Nugis, N.A. Metlyaeva, V.I. Pustovoit,
A.S. Umnikov, M.V. Konchalovsky, A.V. Aksenenko, V.V. Korenkov,
L.A. Yunanova, O.G. Kashirina

The Possibilities of Early Diagnosis of Acute Radiation Syndrome Combined with Mechanical Injury

A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: I.A. Galstian, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To study the possibilities of using for early diagnosis of acute radiation bone marrow syndrome (ARBMS) combined mechanical injuries (CRMI) symptoms of the primary reaction to radiation (time of onset of nausea and vomiting, the multiplicity of the vomiting), as well as to assess the depth of absolute lymphopenia during the first week after radiation exposure. 

Material and methods: 1. Comparative analysis of the literature data on the early symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and previously published own data on the primary reaction to radiation exposure in acute radiation syndrome (ARS) of varying severity in 134 victims on 04/26/1986 in the Chernobyl accident. 2. Comparative analysis of the dynamics of the absolute number of peripheral blood lymphocytes in 36 patients with mechanical polytrauma (average age – 40.24 ± 4.07 years) and 11 ARS I patients (comparison group 1, average age – 30.00 ± 2.01 years), as well as 15 ARS II patients (comparison group 2, average age – 28.47 ± 2.03 years). Statistical processing of the material is the IBM SPSS Statistics.23 software package, the Kraskal‒Wallis criteria and the Mann‒Whitney U-criterion for independent samples. The results obtained were considered statistically reliable at p <0.05. 

Results: 1. Upon admission of a patient with suspected TBI within the framework of CRMI, who has nausea and vomiting, is unconscious and has damage to the skin of the head, dyspeptic syndrome cannot be considered only as a manifestation of the primary reaction to radiation. In the absence of suspicion of TBI, with clear consciousness and intact skin, nausea and vomiting can be used to predict the severity of developing ARBMS. 2. Analysis of the dynamics of peripheral blood lymphocytes in 15 (41.7 %) patients with polytrauma revealed absolute lymphopenia during the first week after mechanical exposure. At the same time, the depth of absolute lymphopenia in trauma without exposure to ionizing radiation at the time when it is usually examined and the severity of ARBMS is determined in individual patients corresponds to the indicators characteristic of ARS I and ARS II (can reach 0.3 × 10⁹/l). 

Conclusions: The use of methods for early diagnosis of the severity of ARBMS will have some features in CRMI. The use of criteria for the primary reaction to radiation to diagnose the severity of developing ARBMS can be recommended only if the patient has no obvious signs of TBI: consciousness is preserved, there are no signs of mechanical trauma in the head area (hematomas, abrasions, open wounds, bone fractures). In 42 % of patients with mechanical polytrauma, posttraumatic fever may be detected during the first week of follow-up post-traumatic absolute lymphopenia in combination with post-traumatic absolute lymphopenia can lead to an overestimation of the severity of developing ARBMS. The final decision on the prognosis of the severity of ARBMS, as well as CRMI in general and patient management tactics should be made only after evaluating the absorbed dose by cytogenetic method. 

Keywords: combined radiation-mechanical injury, acute radiation bone marrow syndrome, traumatic brain injury, biodosimetry, early diagnosis, primary reaction to radiation, lymphocyte test

For citation: Galstian IA, Bushmanov AYu, Torubarov FS, Zvereva ZF, Shcherbatykh OV, Nugis VYu, Metlyaeva NA, Pustovoit VI, Umnikov AS, Konchalovsky MV, Aksenenko AV, Korenkov VV, Yunanova LA, Kashirina OG. The Possibilities of Early Diagnosis of Acute Radiation Syndrome Combined with Mechanical Injury. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(1):53–59. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-1-53-59

References

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12. Torubarov F.S., Zvereva Z.F., Galstyan I.A., Metlyayeva N.A. Features of Clinical Manifestations of the Primary Reaction in Combined Radiation Damage (Radiation Exposure and Mechanical Head Injury). Radiatsionnaya Meditsina = Radiation Medicine. 2023;68;3:16-20 (In Russ.).

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.10.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.11.2024.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 1

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-1-45-52

P.S. Miklyaev^{1, 2}, E.I. Kaygorodov², T.B. Petrova³, A.M. Marennyy², L.E. Karl²,
D.V. Shchitov⁴, P.A. Sidyakin⁴, M.A. Murzabekov⁴, D.N. Tsebro⁴, Yu.K. Gubanova²,
M.P. Mnatsakanyan², G.P. Gertsen²

Radon Hazard Mapping of Pyatigorsk City Considering Geological Data

¹ E.M. Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Moscow, Russia

² Enterprise Research and Technical Center of Radiation-Chemical Safety and Hygiene, Moscow, Russia

³ M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

⁴ North Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russia

Contact person: P.S. Miklyaev, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Aim: To map the potential radon hazard of territories based on the results of sample measurements of radon equivalent equilibrium concentration (EEC) in the premises of public buildings in connection with the analysis of geological information reflected in the state geological maps at the scale of 1:200 000, supported by the results of reconnaissance measurements of the content of natural radionuclides in soil samples, using Pyatigorsk as an example. 

Material and methods: The results of measurements of radon EEC in the premises of Pyatigorsk were used, which were carried out mainly in kindergartens, schools and higher educational institutions of the city separately in summer and winter periods with the help of the track method using the equipment set TREC-REI_1M (LR-115-2 detectors placed in REI-4 exposimeters). A total of 2851 measurements of radon EEC in 97 buildings were analysed. Measurements of the specific activity of natural radionuclides in 20 soil samples were carried out using the gamma spectrometer NaI(Tl) with ‘Progress-2000’ software.

Results: The territory of Pyatigorsk was mapped according to the degree of potential radon hazard. It was found that potentially radon-hazardous areas are those composed of cover loams and clays with specific activity of ²²⁶Ra 30–64 Bq/kg. The arithmetic mean value of radon EEC in buildings in these areas is 125 and 109 Bq/m³, and the proportion of EEC values exceeding the permissible level of
200 Bq/m³ is 18 and 13 %, respectively. Areas consisting of relatively low radioactive alluvial sediments and marls are characterised by a relatively low radium content in the soil (11–32 Bq/kg) and low radon EEC values in buildings (on average 50–70 Bq/m³); the proportion of radon EEC values exceeding the permitted level of 200 Bq/m³ in these areas does not exceed 5 %. Maps of both preQuaternary bedrocks and Quaternary sediments were used to correctly delineate areas characterised by different soil types. In some cases, the resolution and detail of the 1:200,000 scale proved to be insufficient, requiring additional geological investigations to clarify the position of geological boundaries on the ground. In the future it is planned to carry out more detailed studies of the specific activity of radionuclides in soils and to supplement the available data with the results of surface radon flux density measurements. The experience gained in zoning can be used in the development of theoretical bases for the mapping of potentially radon-hazardous areas.

Keywords: potential radon hazard, EEC, soil radium content, mapping, zoning, geological data, Pyatigorsk

For citation: Miklyaev PS, Kaygorodov EI, Petrova TB, Marennyy AM, Karl LE, Shchitov DV, Sidyakin PA, Murzabekov MA, Tsebro DN, Gubanova YuK, Mnatsakanyan MP, Gertsen GP.Radon Hazard Mapping of Pyatigorsk City Considering Geological Data. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(1):45–52. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-1-45-52

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11. Miklyaev P.S., Petrova T.B., Shchitov D.V., Sidyakin P.A., Murzabekov M.A., Tsebro D.N., Marennyy A.M., Nefedov N.A., Gavriliev S.G. Radon Transport in Permeable Geological Environments. Science of The Total Environment. 2022;852:158382. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158382.

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15. Marennyy A.M., Romanov V.V., Astafurov V.I., Gubin A.T., Kiselev S.M., Nefedov N.A., Penezev A.V. Conducting Surveys of Buildings of Various Purposes for Radon Content in the Territories Served by the FMBA of Russia. Radiatsionnaya Gigiyena = Radiation Hygiene. 2015;8;1:23-29 (In Russ.).

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17. Onishchenko G.G., Popova A.YU., Romanovich I.K., Barkovskiy A.N., Kormanovskaya T.A., Shevkun I.G. Radiation-Hygienic Passportization and ESKID - an Information Basis for Making Management Decisions to Ensure Radiation Safety of the Population of the Russian Federation. Communication 2. Characteristics of Sources and Doses of Radiation Exposure to the Population of the Russian Federation. Radiatsionnaya Gigiyena = Radiation Hygiene. 2017;10;3:18-35 (In Russ.). doi: 10.21514/1998-426X-2017-10-3-18-35.

18. Romanovich I.K., Kormanovskaya T.A., Kononenko D.V. To the Substantiation of Changes in the Standardization of Radon Content in Indoor Air. Zdorov’ye Naseleniya i Sreda Obitaniya = Public Health and Life Environment. 2019;6;315:42-48 (In Russ.). doi: 10.35627/2219-5238/2019-315-6-42-48.

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 24-17-00217.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.10.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.11.2024.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 1

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-1-60-66

I.N. Sachkov 

On the Concentration of External Electric Field Intensity 
on the Internal Surfaces of Blood Vessels 

Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia

Contact person: I.N. Sachkov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To show that connective tissue forming the inner surfaces of blood vessels can act as a concentrator of an external electric field. 

Material and methods: Previously, when studying the effects of electromagnetic fields and radiation on the human body, the SAR calculation method and the experimental method of tissue-equivalent phantom dummies were used. Their implementation usually assumed that the absorbing medium is homophase. At the same time, the effects associated with the fact that biological tissue is a mixture of components whose permittivities differ by tens of times, and the particle sizes of the phase components, as a rule, do not exceed one millimeter, were not taken into account. The article presents the results of developing a computer model that allows analyzing the uneven distribution of the electric field in such an object. Computational experiments were performed using the author’s program based on the finite element method. 

Results: The structure of tissue containing blood capillaries was simulated by matrix systems containing cylindrical inclusions, the cross-sections of which were characterized by round and rectangular shapes. Computer experiments were conducted to calculate the patterns of spatial distributions of the electric field strength. The values ​​of the permittivity of the matrix and inclusions, the relative sizes and mutual positions of the inclusions were varied. The processes were considered stationary and axisymmetric. It was found that if the external electric field is directed along the axis of the cylindrical capillary, the field strengths inside the capillary and in the surrounding tissue are close to each other. If the external field is directed perpendicular to the capillary axis, a significant (tens of times) concentration of tension occurs in the connective tissue surrounding the capillary. The results obtained can be used to analyze the effects of stationary electromagnetic fields on the human body, as well as electromagnetic waves whose length significantly exceeds the size of blood capillaries. It is noted that the endothelium, which performs a number of important physiological functions, falls into the area of ​​concentration of electric field intensity and heat generation power. 

Conclusion: The data obtained indicate that when analyzing the mechanisms of occurrence of pathological changes created by an electric field in living tissue, it is necessary to take into account that the internal surfaces of blood vessels are characterized primarily by an increased risk. Particular attention should be paid to areas in which vessels converge with each other. Further development of specialized computer programs and their implementation in clinical research practice is expected. 

Keywords: non-ionizing radiation, multiphase human tissues, blood vessels, electromagnetic field, finite element method, concentration of electric fields, endothelium, computer modeling

For citation: Sachkov IN. On the Concentration of External Electric Field Intensity on the Internal Surfaces of Blood Vessels. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(1):60–66. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-1-60-66

References

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Conflict of interest. The author declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 23-29-00411, ‟Development of computer programs and methods of their application to create new technologies using the effects of concentration of thermodynamic forces in multiphase and heterogeneous materials”.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.10.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.11.2024.