JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.
The journal is included in the List of Russian Reviewed Scientific Journals of the Higher Attestation Commission. Since 2008 the journal has been available on the Internet and indexed in the RISC database which is placed on Web of Science. Since February 2nd, 2018, the journal "Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety" has been indexed in the SCOPUS abstract and citation database.
Brief electronic versions of the Journal have been publicly available since 2005 on the website of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal: http://www.medradiol.ru. Since 2011, all issues of the journal as a whole are publicly available, and since 2016 - full-text versions of scientific articles. Since 2005, subscribers can purchase full versions of other articles of any issue only through the National Electronic Library. The editor of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal in accordance with the National Electronic Library agreement has been providing the Library with all its production since 2005 until now.
The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.
Since 2017 the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety has switched to digital identification of publications, assigning to each article the identifier of the digital object (DOI), which greatly accelerated the search for the location of the article on the Internet. In future it is planned to publish the English-language version of the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety for its development. In order to obtain information about the publication activity of the journal in March 2015, a counter of readers' references to the materials posted on the site from 2005 to the present which is placed on the journal's website. During 2015 - 2016 years on average there were no more than 100-170 handlings per day. Publication of a number of articles, as well as electronic versions of profile monographs and collections in the public domain, dramatically increased the number of handlings to the journal's website to 500 - 800 per day, and the total number of visits to the site at the end of 2017 was more than 230.000.
The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Issues journals
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-25-32
E.A. Kodintseva1, A.А. Akleyev2
The Contribution of Effector Cells of the Innate and Adaptive Immunity to the Pathogenesis of Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis. Review (Part 1)
1 Urals Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chelyabinsk, Russia
2 Southern-Urals State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Contact person: E.A. Kodintseva, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
CONTENTS
Background
1. Components of innate immunity and carcinogenesis
2. Tumor-associated myeloid cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells
3. Tumor-associated neutrophils
4. Tumor-associated monocytes/macrophages
5. Natural killers of malignant neoplasm microenvironment
6. Conclusion
Keywords: peripheral blood cells, radiation exposure, malignant neoplasms, carcinogenesis, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, intercellular cooperation, radiosensitivity
For citation: Kodintseva EA, Akleyev AА. The Contribution of Effector Cells of the Innate and Adaptive Immunity to the Pathogenesis of Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis. Review (Part 1). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(4):25–32. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-25-32
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The research work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia on the topic ‘Study of the functional state of effector cells of human antitumour immunity during the implementation of carcinogenic effects of chronic radiation exposure’ (Agreement on granting a subsidy from the federal budget for financial provision of the state assignment for public services (works) No. 388-03-2025-085 dated 24 January 2025).
Contribution. All authors confirm that their authorship meets the international ICMJE criteria. Kodintseva Е.А. – conceived and designed the study, prepared the first draft of the article, read and approved the final version before publication. Akleуev А.А. – conceived and designed the study, scientific editing, read and approved the final version before publication.
Article received: 20.03.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2025.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-33-38
M.V. Merkulov, T.A. Astrelina, D.Yu. Usupzhanova, V.A. Brunchukov, I.V. Kobzeva, Yu.B. Suchkova, N.P. Iashin, O.G. Mikhadarkina, V.A. Nikitina, T.F. Malivanova, E.A. Dubova, S.V. Lishchuk, K.A. Pavlov, O.F. Serova
Evaluation of the Use of a Modified Hydrogel in the Treatment
of Local Radiation-Induced Skin Injures of Laboratory Animals
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: T.A. Astrelina, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
Introduction: Improving existing and developing new methods for treating local radiation injuries (LRI) of the skin is very important. One of the promising areas in this area is the development of preparations – hydrogels (H) with high regenerative potential, obtained from lyophilisates of decellularized biological tissues (LDT). Due to the multicomponent composition and the presence of such connective tissue components as collagen, laminin, fibronectin, elastin, as well as growth factors, such hydrogels stimulate cellular migration and adhesion, and also maintain their viability and functional activity in the wound bed. To improve the ease of use (improving the mechanical properties of the drug), as well as slowing down the biodegradation process, H-LDT preparations are modified, in particular, by the method of chemical cross-linking with genipin (GNP).
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of using a modified hydrogel preparation in the treatment of local radiation skin lesions in laboratory animals.
Material and methods: Local radiation injuries were modeled in 15 laboratory animals (male Wistar rats, average weight 225.0±25.0 g) using an LNK-268-PS X-ray machine. MLP treatment was performed with a hydrogel from lyophilisate of decellularized human tissues (H-LDT), obtained by a modified method of dry-cleaning cross-linking with genipin (GNP: 0.2 mM) on days 28–32, 35, 42 after irradiation. The animals were divided into 3 groups (5 animals in each) depending on the type of therapy: control group without therapy; H-LDT group; H-LDT+GNP group. Observation of laboratory animals was carried out up to 119 days with planimetric and histological examination (hematoxylin and eosin staining) of the course of the wound process of MLP.
Results: Planimetric studies have shown that the area (S) of the open wound surface (OWS) decreased by 30 % of the total S lesion in the experimental groups of animals (Н-LDH and H-LDH+GNP) on day 56 compared to the control group – on day 70. On day 119 of observation, healing of the LRI and the absence of OWS were noted in 40 % of animals in the H-LDT group. In the H-LDH+ GNP group, from day 28 to day 119 of observation, a decrease in S OWS by 6.15 times was noted compared to the control group of animals – by 3.49 times. In the H-LDT group, the results of histological studies demonstrated weak inflammatory infiltration, healing of the LRI and the absence of inflammatory infiltration and necrosis zone, the presence of single hair follicles.
Conclusion: Thus, the present study showed that hydrogel preparations from lyophilisate of decellularized human tissues and hydrogel modified with genipin have a positive effect on the dynamics of the course of the wound process of LRI in laboratory animals, no irritating effect on the skin was detected.
Keywords: modified hydrogel, localized radiogenic lesions, therapeutic potential, biomaterials
For citation: Merkulov MV, Astrelina TA, Usupzhanova DYu, Brunchukov VA, Kobzeva IV, Suchkova YuB, Iashin NP, Mikhadarkina OG, Nikitina VA, Malivanova TF, Dubova EA, Lishchuk SV, Pavlov KA, Serova OF. Evaluation of the Use of a Modified Hydrogel in the Treatment of Local Radiation-Induced Skin Injures of Laboratory Animals. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(4):33–38.
(In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-33-38
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2025.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-46-54
V.G. Barchukov, A.A. Bolotov, Y.N. Zhirnov, A.S. Samoylov, S.M. Shinkarev,
I.B. Ushakov, I.K. Tesnov, A.S. Galuzin, D.A. Kudinova, V.U. Lizunov
Using Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Radiation Protection
during Decommissioning of Radiation and Nuclear Facilities
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
ABSTRACT
Background: The decommissioning of radiation-hazardous facilities (RHF) is a complex process that requires compliance with legislative and regulatory requirements. Effective document management and continuous personnel training are essential for ensuring safety and regulatory adherence. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can significantly simplify and automate documentation processing and management, reducing staff workload and minimizing errors. Additionally, AI helps ensure regulatory compliance by automatically tracking changes and maintaining adherence to standards. Furthermore, AI can analyze large volumes of data, identify potential risks, and propose optimal solutions based on predictive analytics.
Purpose: To develop an AI-based service capable of supporting a comprehensive and informed dialogue on RHF decommissioning. To achieve this, we selected a natural language processing (NLP) model based on Keras. A dataset was created for training the model, consisting of five key regulatory documents on radiation safety. The documents were divided into separate contexts, with experts formulating corresponding questions and answers. In total, 429 contexts were processed, and 6,405 questions and answers were generated.
Results: The model was tested in a specially developed application similar to ChatGPT, designed to help specialists find answers to questions arising during the decommissioning process. Additionally, a dynamic knowledge base update feature was implemented, allowing for real-time adjustments to regulatory documentation changes. The developed system demonstrated high accuracy in answering questions related to regulatory aspects of decommissioning. Machine learning algorithms trained on our dataset for text processing and interpretation proved effective in recognizing and handling user queries. The system was tested in various scenarios, including internal Keras model evaluations and test questions not included in the training dataset.
Conclusion: The obtained results confirmed the potential of AI technologies in managing RHF decommissioning processes. Furthermore, tests conducted on real-world data helped identify key areas for further system improvement and functional expansion.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, decommissioning of radiation and nuclear facilities, regulatory documents, radiation safety, Natural Language Processing (NLP), Keras
For citation: Barchukov VG, Bolotov AA, Zhirnov YN, Samoylov AS, Shinkarev SM, Ushakov IB, Tesnov IK, Galuzin AS, Kudinova DA, Lizunov VU. Using Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Radiation Protection during Decommissioning of Radiation and Nuclear Facilities. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(4):46–54. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-46-54
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2025.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-39-45
L.I. Baranov, A.Yu. Bushmanov, Е.V. Vasilev, A.N. Tsarev, S.M. Dumansky,
I.G. Dibirgadzhiyev, T.M. Bulanova, E.V. Popova, Yu.E. Smirnov, M.V. Kalinina
The Digital Twin and the Digital Profile as the Basis for the Collection and Analysis of Medical Data
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: L.I. Baranov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Introduction
Digital footprint, digital shadow, digital presence
Digital profile
Digital twin
Similarities and differences
Digital Medical Profile
A digital twin in the healthcare system
Conclusion
Keywords: digital twin, digital profile, digital medical profile, digital shadow, digital footprint, medical data, healthcare system
For citation: Baranov LI, Bushmanov AYu, Vasilev ЕV, Tsarev AN, Dumansky SM, Dibirgadzhiyev IG, Bulanova TM, Popova EV, Smirnov YuE, Kalinina MV. The Digital Twin and the Digital Profile as the Basis for the Collection and Analysis of Medical Data. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(4):39–45. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-39-45
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PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2025.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025. Vol. 70. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-55-65
S.Yu. Chekin, A.I. Gorski, M.A. Maksioutov, S.V. Karpenko, K.A. Tumanov,
N.V. Shchukina, E.V. Kochergina
Assessment of Radiation Risks of Digestive System Diseases among Chernobyl Liquidators, Considering the Influence of Other Diseases Identified in Them During the Follow-up Period
A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre –
branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Obninsk, Russia
Contact person: S.Yu. Chekin, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To assess the radiation risks of digestive system diseases (DSD) in the low and medium dose range (up to 1.5 Gy), considering the influence of other diseases identified in the exposed cohort.
Material and methods: Radiation risks of DSD were studied in the Russian cohort of Chernobyl disaster clean-up workers (liquidators), followed-up in the system of the National Radiation Epidemiological Registry (NRER) from 1986 to 2023. The studied cases of DSD are included in three-digit headings K00–K93 of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases 10th revision (ICD-10). Radiation risks of incidence were assessed in a cohort of 86,623 male liquidators, in which 62,864 diagnoses of DSD were identified. For the assessment of radiation risks of mortality from DSD, the cohort size was 89,567, with 2,793 deaths. The average absorbed dose of whole-body external gamma radiation accumulated by the liquidators during their work was 0.133 Gy, with a maximum dose of 1.5 Gy. Radiation risks were investigated in the framework of linear no-threshold (LNT) model of excess relative risk (ERR), as well as in the form of nonparametric estimates of relative risk (RR) in dose groups.
Results: For incidence, the estimate of the excess relative risk per dose unit is ERR/Gy=0.33, for mortality the estimate is ERR/Gy=0.81. These DSD radiation risk estimates are comparable to ERR/Gy=0.63 and ERR/Gy=0.74 for incidence and mortality from solid malignant neoplasms (MN) in the same cohort. Among liquidators with diagnoses of MN, the radiation risk of DSD incidence is statistically significantly (p=0.03) increased almost twofold, to ERR/Gy=0.64. The practical dose threshold for late mortality from DSD, estimated by the LNT model, is in the range of 0.160–0.860 Gy, with a mean value of 0.280 Gy. This is 20 times lower than the 6 Gy dose threshold adopted by the ICRP for early DSD mortality (up to 10 days after exposure). Similar estimates of dose thresholds for DSD incidence are in the range of 0.006–0.042 Gy. Nonparametric estimates of relative radiation risks (RR) confirm the correctness of LNT models of DSD radiation risk.
Conclusions: In the range of low and medium doses (up to 1.5 Gy) radiation-induced DSDs have significant properties of stochastic effects and fit into the LNT risk model. Further accumulation of data in the NRER system will make it possible to investigate the characteristics of DSD that are inherent in late tissue reactions (progression over time, increase in their severity with increasing dose and dependence on the health of the organism as a whole).
Keywords: radiation risk, Chernobyl accident, liquidators, digestive system diseases, incidence, mortality, linear no-threshold model, excess relative risk, relative risk
For citation: Chekin SYu, Gorski AI, Maksioutov MA, Karpenko SV, Tumanov KA, Shchukina NV, Kochergina EV. Assessment of Radiation Risks of Digestive System Diseases among Chernobyl Liquidators, Considering the Influence of Other Diseases Identified in Them During the Follow-up Period. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2025;70(4):55–65. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2025-70-4-55-65
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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2025. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2025.