Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-94-96

I.O. Tomashevsky, O.S. Kornikova

The Importance of the SPECT/СT in the Diagnosis
of Asymptomatic Myocardial Ischemia for a Specific Patient

Central Clinical Hospital RZD-Medicine, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: I.O. Tomashevsky, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To demonstrate a clinical observation in which the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease with vasospastic coronary microvascular dysfunction was established mainly using ^99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT.

Material and methods: In patient G.D.S., 39 years old by profession of an electric locomotive driver, who did not present any health complaints, oblique ST segment depression was registered during Holter monitoring on ECG. The following methods were used to establish the diagnosis: echocardiography, X-ray computed tomography (CT) to assess coronary artery calcinosis, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with ^99mTc-technetril to assess myocardial perfusion and contractile function on hybrid SPECT/CT system SymbiaT16 (Siemens), coronary angiography (CAG).

Results: Only at examination on hybrid tomograph at rest and during physical activity (bicycle ergometer 125 W ‒
5 minutes), sequentially applying in one diagnostic procedure two studies (CT and SPECT with ^99mTc-MIBI) 26 study parameters were obtained (at CT ‒ 4 parameters evaluating coronary artery calcinosis, at SPECT ‒ 11 parameters of perfusion and 11 parameters of myocardial function). The absence of coronary artery calcinosis was revealed (which was confirmed by CAG), and the study at rest and during exercise revealed a decrease in perfusion (hence myocardial blood flow) in the apical-lateral (16-th segment); apex (17), apical-anterior (13), anterior-medial (7), anterolateral middle (12); irreversibility of perfusion defect, total and ischemic perfusion deficit.

Conclusion: A clinical observation is demonstrated in which, only the use of hybrid SPECT/CT system allowed to establish the absence of coronary artery calcinosis and the decrease of perfusion (hence myocardial blood flow), irreversibility of perfusion defect, total and ischemic perfusion deficit (all listed indices had penultimate moderately pronounced degree).

Keywords: SPECT/CT, ischemic heart disease, asymptomatic state

For citation: Tomashevsky IO, Kornikova OS. The Importance of the SPECT/СT in the Diagnosis of Asymptomatic Myocardial Ischemia for a Specific Patient. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):94–96. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-94-96

References

1. Khachirova E.A. State of myocardial perfusion and diastolic function in patients with stenocardiaand unchanged coronary arteries (according to hybrid single-photon emission computed tomography with ^99mTc-technetrile. Diss.Ph.D. of Medical Sciences. Moscow 2020.

2. A.A. Ansheles V.B. Sergienko. Nuclear cardiology.Publishing house FSBI«National Medical Research Center of Cardiology»Ministry of Health of Russia.Moscow: 2021. ‒ С.75‒125.

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. I.O. Tomashevsky took part in the development of the concept, design, theoretical basis, modification of research methods. O. Kornikova took part in the collection and analysis of literary material, statistical data processing, writing and scientific editing of the text.

Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 3

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-3-13-18

A.A. Osipov¹, A.K. Chigasova^{1, 2, 3}, E.I. Yashkina^{1, 2}, M.A. Ignatov^{1, 2},
N.Yu. Vorobyеva^{1, 2}, A.N. Osipov^{1, 2}

Link Between Cellular Senescence and Changes in The Number and Size of Phosphorylated Histone H2ax Foci in Irradiated Human Fibroblasts

¹ N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Moscow, Russia 

² A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

³ Institute of Biochemical Physics, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: N.Yu. Vorobyеva, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between cellular aging and changes in the number and size of phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) foci in human fibroblasts and their descendants (up to 15 passages) after exposure to low and high doses of X-ray radiation.

Material and methods: The work was performed on a culture of human skin fibroblasts. Cells were irradiated in the exponential growth phase on an X-ray biological unit RUB RUST-M1 (Russia), equipped with two X-ray emitters, at a dose rate of 40 mGy/min (dose 100 mGy) or 850 mGy/min (doses 2000 and 5000 mGy) and temperature 4˚C. Immunocytochemical staining was used to assess the number and size of γH2AX foci and the proportion of proliferating cells using antibodies to γH2AX and Ki67 (a cell proliferation marker protein), respectively. To assess cellular senescence, the proportion of cells positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase (CA-β-gal(+)) was analyzed. Statistical and mathematical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using the statistical software package Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft).

Results: The studies showed that irradiation of cultured human fibroblasts at a low dose (100 mGy) does not lead to statistically significant changes in the number and size of γH2AX foci, as well as the proportion of non-proliferating and senescent cells in the progenies of irradiated cells up to the 15th passage after irradiation. The phenomenon of aging-associated persistence of an increased number and size of γH2AX foci in passages of cells irradiated at a dose of 5000 mGy was discovered. Mathematical analysis of the relationship between changes in the proportion of CA-β-gal(+) cells, the number and size of γH2AX foci in populations of irradiated cells indicates that radiation-induced cellular aging is more associated with the size, rather than the number, of γH2AX foci.

Keywords: fibroblasts, X-ray radiation, γH2AX, senescence, proliferation, late radiation-induced effects 

For citation: Osipov AA, Chigasova AK, Yashkina EI, Ignatov MA, Vorobyеva NYu, Osipov AN. Link Between Cellular Senescence and Changes in The Number and Size of Phosphorylated Histone H2ax Foci in Irradiated Human Fibroblasts. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(3):13–18. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-3-13-18

References

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18. Osipov A, Chigasova A, Yashkina E, Ignatov M, Fedotov Y, Molodtsova D, et al. Residual Foci of DNA Damage Response Proteins in Relation to Cellular Senescence and Autophagy in X-Ray Irradiated Fibroblasts. Cells. 2023;12(8). doi: 10.3390/cells12081209.

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The work was carried out with the support of the RSF (project No. 23-14-00078). 

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.01.2024. Accepted for publication: 27.02.2024. 

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 3

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-3-5-12

A.A. Rastorgueva¹, T.A. Astrelina¹, V.A. Brunchukov¹, I.V. Kobzeva¹,
Yu.B. Suchkova¹, V.A. Nikitina¹, S.V. Lishchuk¹, E.A. Dubova¹, K.A. Pavlov¹,
T.F. Malivanova¹, D.Yu. Usupzhanova¹, O.G. Mikhadarkina¹, A.D. Kobzev²,
V.I. Bulygina², A.S. Samoilov¹

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of The Use of Decellularized Human Amniotic Membrane
in Combination with Cell Therapy for Local Radiation Injuries

¹ A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

² M.I. Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: T.A. Astrelina, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Аbstract

Cell therapy is a promising direction in medicine, which can significantly improve the results of treatment of various diseases, including local radiation injuries (LRI). The purpose of the study was to compare the results of using decellularized human amniotic membrane isolated and together with lyophilisates of conditioned media of MSCs from the human gingival mucosa and MSCs from human placental tissue and their effect on tissue regeneration in LRI. 

Material and methods: The study included 42 laboratory animals (white male rats of the Wistar line), randomly divided into 6 groups: K – control group without therapy, on the 21st day after irradiation, groups using: Am+LD – application of lyophilisate of the conditioned medium of MSCs of the human gingival mucosa (LD) under the decellularized amniotic membrane, Am+LP – application of lyophilisate of the conditioned medium of MSCs of human placental tissue (LP) under the decellularized amniotic membrane, Am – application of the decellularized amniotic membrane, AmCl – application of the decellularized amniotic membrane with medical glue BF-6, Kl – application medical glue BF-6. Modeling of LRI in animals was carried out on an LNK-268 X-ray unit at a dose of 110 Gy and observed until the 112th day after irradiation, monitoring of the ulcerative surface of the skin and the course of the inflammatory process of LRI was carried out with calculation of the area of ​​the total changed skin in the ImageTool software. Planimetric and histological analyzes were performed. 

Results: It was demonstrated that, when compared with the control, the use of decellularized amniotic membrane in LRI on days 77 and 112 after irradiation increased the healing rate by 4.6 and 18 times, respectively; decellularized amniotic membrane with lyophilisate of placental MSC conditioned medium increased the rate of wound healing by 13.5 and 27 times, respectively; and a dellularized amniotic membrane with lyophilisate of MSCs from the human gingival mucosa to 100 % healing. Healing of the ulcer surface area of the LRI in 83.5 % of animals in the Am group demonstrated the effectiveness of using isolated decellularized amniotic membrane even in the absence of human MSC lyophilisates. At the same time, healing of the ulcer surface area of the LRI in the AmCl group was 20 % of cases, where the decellularized amniotic membrane was fixed with BF-6 medical glue, which was less effective compared
to other groups.

Conclusion: The proposed combined use of decellularized amniotic membrane with lyophilisates of the conditioned medium of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of the placenta and mucous tissue of the human gums and the isolated use of decellularized amniotic membrane led to complete epithelization of the ulcer surface, a pronounced favorable course of grade IIIb–IV LRI in laboratory animals and a reduction in healing time , the absence of local or systemic complications can be considered as a promising method of conservative treatment for LRI of the skin and a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of non-healing and chronic wounds.

Keywords: local radiation injuries, human decellularized amniotic membrane, cell therapy, mesenchymal stromal cells, conditioned medium, rats

For citation: Rastorgueva AA, Astrelina TA, Brunchukov VA, Kobzeva IV, Suchkova YuB, Nikitina VA, Lishchuk SV, Dubova EA, Pavlov KA, Malivanova TF, Usupzhanova DYu, Mikhadarkina OG, Kobzev AD, Bulygina VI, Samoilov AS. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of The Use of Decellularized Human Amniotic Membrane in Combination with Cell Therapy for Local Radiation Injuries. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(3):5–12. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-3-5-12 

References

1. Diagnosis, Treatment of Local Radiation Injuries and Their Long-Term Consequences. Federal Clinical Guidelines. FKR FMBA of Russia 2.6.7. Moscow, 2015.

2. Brunchukov V.A., Astrelina T.A., Nikitina V.A., et al. The Use of Placental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Local Radiation Lesions of the Skin. Genes and Cells. 2019;14:41 (In Russ.).

3. Rastorgueva A.A., Astrelina T.A., Brunchukov V.A., et al. The Effectiveness of the Use of Rat and Human MSCs and Their Conditioned Media for Local Radiation Injuries in a Laboratory Animal Model. Genes and cells. 2022;3;17:194 (In Russ.).

4. Brunchukov V., Astrelina T., Nikitina V., et al. Experimental Treatment of Radiation Skin Lesions with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Conditioned Media. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2020;65;1:5-12. doi:10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-1-5-12. 

5. Rastorgueva A.A., Astrelina T.A., Brunchukov V.A., et al. Application of Cellular Technologies in the Treatment of Local Radiation Injuries. Abstract book IRPA15. 15 th International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association. January 18-22, 2021 in Seoul, Korea. Korea, Р. 328-333. 

6. Kobzeva I.V., Astrelina T.A., Brunchukov V.A., et al. Transplantation of Decellularized Human Amniotic Membrane for Local Radiation Injuries. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022;67;6:5-11 (In Russ.).

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8. Leal-Marin S., Kern T., Hofmann N., et al. Human Amniotic Membrane: A Review on Tissue Engineering, Application, and Storage. J. Biomed Mater Res. B. Appl. Biomater. 2021;109;8:1198-1215. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.34782.

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11. Samoilov A.S., Astrelina T.A., Brumberg V.A., Brunchukov V.A., Kobzeva I.V., Malivanova T.F., Ostashkin A.S. A Method for Obtaining an Acellular Matrix of the Amniotic Membrane for Subsequent Reconstruction of Tissue Defects. Patent for Invention No. 2751353RU dated 07/13/2021] (In Russ.).

12. Kakabadze Z., Chakhunashvili D., Gogilashvili K., Ediberidze K., Chakhunashvili K., Kalandarishvili K., Karalashvili L. Bone Marrow Stem Cell and Decellularized Human Amniotic Membrane for the Treatment of Nonhealing Wound after Radiation Therapy. Exp. Clin. Transplant. 2019;17;1:92-98. doi: 10.6002/ect.MESOT2018.O29.

13. Asanuma H., Meldrum D.R., Meldrum K.K. Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Repair Kidney Injury. J. Urol. 2010;184;1:26-33.

14. Walter M.N., Wright K.T., Fuller H.R., MacNeil S., Johnson W.E. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium Accelerates Skin Wound Healing: an in Vitro Study of Fibroblast and Keratinocyte Scratch Assays. Exp. Cell. Res. 2010;316;7:1271-1281.

15. Kwon H.M., Hur S.M., Park K.Y., et al. Multiple Paracrine Factors Secreted by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Contribute to Angiogenesis. Vascul. Pharmacol. 2014;63;1:19-28.

16. Koob T.J., Lim J.J., Massee M., Zabek N., Denoziere G. Properties of Dehydrated Human Amnion/Chorion Composite Grafts: Implications for Wound Repair and Soft Tissue Regeneration. J. Biomed Mater Res. B Appl. Biomater. 2014;102;6:1353-1362.

17. Guo Q., Lu X., Xue Y., et al. A New Candidate Substrate for Cell-Matrix Adhesion Study: the Acellular Human Amniotic Matrix. J. Biomed Biotechnol. 2012;2012:306083.

18. Mrugala A., Sui A., Plummer M., et al. Amniotic Membrane Is a Potential Regenerative Option for Chronic Non-Healing Wounds: a Report of Five Cases Receiving Dehydrated Human Amnion/Chorion Membrane Allograft. Int. Wound J. 2016;13;4:485-492.

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study was carried out with financial support from the Federal Target Program “Ensuring Nuclear and Radiation Safety for 2016–2020 and for the period until 2035”.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.01.2024. Accepted for publication: 27.02.2024.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 3

DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-3-19-25

T.R. Gaynutdinov^{1, 2}, S.A. Ryzhkin^{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, K.N. Vagin^{1, 2}, E.Yu. Trizna²,
S.E. Ohrimenko^{3, 6}

Study of Clinical, Hematologic and Immunologic Parameters in Assessing the Anti-Radiation Efficacy of the Therapeutic Agent Based on the Microorganism Fusobacterium Necrophorum

¹ Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kazan, Russia

² Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia

³ Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow, Russia

⁴ Kazan State Medical University, Kazan

⁵ Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia

⁶ A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: Timur Rafkatovich Gaynutdinov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To study clinical, hematologic and immunologic parameters in assessing the anti-radiation efficacy of the therapeutic agent based on the microorganism Fusobacterium necrophorum.

Material and methods: The studies on determination of the anti-radiation efficacy of the strains of microorganisms killed by gamma-irradiation were carried out on sexually mature sexless white mice and white rats with live weight of 18–20 and 180–200 g, respectively, divided into experimental and control groups according to the principle of analogs. Modeling of acute radiation sickness was carried out on a Puma gamma unit with a radioactive source of cesium-137 at a dose of LD_100/30. As potential anti-radiation drugs we used inactivated by irradiation on the gamma unit Explorer preparations of microbial origin F. necrophorum strain 8. necrophorum strain 8TS630501 at doses of 15, 20, 25 and 30 kGy. The tested preparations were injected subcutaneously in the volume of 0.2 cm³ to white mice and 2.0 cm³ to white rats 3 days after radiation exposure.

Results: It was experimentally established that complete sterilization of the microbe occurs at doses of 25 and 30 kGy. The culture of
F. necrophorum, irradiated at doses of 25 and 30 kGy and administered to animals 3 days after external radiation exposure, promoted survival, preservation of 60 to 80 % of lethally irradiated white mice and rats. At the same time the recovery of leukocytes and hemoglobin number was slow and continued until the end of the study. In animals treated with the developed therapeutic agents, there was also a decrease in the number of T-cells, but it was less pronounced than in the irradiation control group. The number of B-lymphocytes was affected similarly to T-lymphocytes. The minimum of the number of B-lymphocytes in the experimental groups was noted at 14 days. Studies on the intensity of the process of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the content of malonic dialdehyde in peripheral blood of gamma-irradiated, treated and intact rats, it was found that in the irradiated control group there is a significant increase in the LPO index in blood in relation to biological control and treatment groups.

Conclusion: It has been established that the highest anti-radiation efficacy is possessed by a therapeutic agent of microbial origin (RNF-30), which was obtained by gamma-irradiation at a dose of 30 kGy of the culture of F. necrophorum.

Keywords: acute radiation disease, Fusobacterium necrophorum, anti-radiation agent, laboratory animals, clinical, hematological and immunological parameters, radiotoxins, survival rate

For citation: Gaynutdinov TR, Ryzhkin SA, Vagin KN, Trizna EYu, Ohrimenko SE. Study of Clinical, Hematologic and Immunologic Parameters in Assessing the Anti-Radiation Efficacy of the Therapeutic Agent Based on the Microorganism Fusobacterium Necrophorum. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(3):19–25. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-3-19-25

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The work was carried out at the expense of the funds of the subsidy allocated by the Federal State Budgetary Institution “FCTRB-VNIVI” for the performance of research work, state registration No. 01200202604.

Contribution. T.R. Gaynutdinov – a literary review on the topic of the article was conducted, the experimental part of the work was performed, the received material was processed, the text was edited, the manuscript was prepared. S.A. Ryzhkin – scientific guidance. K.N. Vagin – advisory assistance was provided on the implementation of research. E.Y. Trizna –the experimental part of the work was performed. S.E. Okhrimenko – advisory assistance was provided in the implementation of the experimental part of the work..

Article received: 20.01.2024. Accepted for publication: 27.02.2024.