SCIENTIFIC AND INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL MAGAZINE

ISSN 1024-6177 (Print), ISSN 2618-9615 (Online)

JOURNAL DESCRIPTION

The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.

Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.

Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.

The journal is included in the List of Russian Reviewed Scientific Journals of the Higher Attestation Commission. Since 2008 the journal has been available on the Internet and indexed in the RISC database which is placed on Web of Science. Since February 2nd, 2018, the journal "Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety" has been indexed in the SCOPUS abstract and citation database.

Brief electronic versions of the Journal have been publicly available since 2005 on the website of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal: http://www.medradiol.ru. Since 2011, all issues of the journal as a whole are publicly available, and since 2016 - full-text versions of scientific articles. Since 2005, subscribers can purchase full versions of other articles of any issue only through the National Electronic Library. The editor of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal in accordance with the National Electronic Library agreement has been providing the Library with all its production since 2005 until now.

The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.

Since 2017 the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety has switched to digital identification of publications, assigning to each article the identifier of the digital object (DOI), which greatly accelerated the search for the location of the article on the Internet. In future it is planned to publish the English-language version of the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety for its development. In order to obtain information about the publication activity of the journal in March 2015, a counter of readers' references to the materials posted on the site from 2005 to the present which is placed on the journal's website. During 2015 - 2016 years on average there were no more than 100-170 handlings per day. Publication of a number of articles, as well as electronic versions of profile monographs and collections in the public domain, dramatically increased the number of handlings to the journal's website to 500 - 800 per day, and the total number of visits to the site at the end of 2017 was more than 230.000.

The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.

Issues journals

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 2. P. 47-55

RADIATION MEDICINE

E.E. Zapadinskaja, O.A. Tihonova, I.I. Eremin, V.Yu. Nugis, Ju.A. Zhgutov, M.G. Kozlova

Comparative Analysis of Be-LPT Test Informativity for Study of Lymphocyte Proliferation Stimulation in Persons Exposed to Beryllium

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: A development of criteria and algorithm of chronic beryllium disease diagnosis using non-invasive laboratory techniques for the early detection of individuals predisposed to this pneumoconiosis.

Material and methods: Currently beryllium lymphocyte proliferation testing (BeLPT) is the main method for beryllium hypersensitivity status detection in screening of beryllium production workers in many countries. This technique is not widely used in Russia. In the present study flow cytometric BeLPT was used to measure lymphocyte proliferation in the groups of beryllium-exposed patients (main group — 24 persons) and beryllium-unexposed individuals (control group — 18 persons). Simultaneously we studied the beryllium effect on peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation in PHA-stimulated cultures by differential staining of sister chromatids (fluorescence + Giemsa). This method allows to determine the content of first, second and subsequent mitosis in cultures. It has not been used for the determination of beryllium sensitization of people. The principal criterion for the selection of patients in the observation group was the documented fact of contact with beryllium compounds.

Results: Specific sensitization in beryllium-exposed patient by BeLPT was found for only one person. The use of the method of fluorescence + Giemsa revealed in both groups of persons a tendency to lymphocyte proliferation stimulation in cultures after BeSO4 addition up to 1 µM final concentration. However, the same level of lymphocyte proliferation was observed at higher concentrations of BeSO4 (10 and 100 µM) for beryllium-exposed patients. In contrast, the control group stimulating effect was held on.

Conclusions: 1. Up to now it is not possible to estimate reliably the informativity of BeLPT because the absence in Russia of the standard protocol for this method use and its results conventional interpretation. 2. It is necessary to increase the number of observations (number of persons in cohorts) to improve the reliability of the results obtained and more accurate interpretation of BeLPT effectiveness.

Key words: chronic beryllium disease, lymphocyte proliferation, Be-LPT test, fluorescent plus Giemsa method

REFERENCES

  1. Newman L.S., Mroz M.M., Balkissoon R., Maier L.A. Beryllium sensitization progresses to chronic beryllium disease: a longitudinal study of disease risk. Amer. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2005. Vol. 171. No. 1. P. 54-60.
  2. Newman L.S., Kreiss K., King T.E. Jr. et. al. Pathologic and immunologic alterations in early stages of beryllium disease. Re-examination of disease definition and natural history. Amer. Rev. Respir. Dis. 1989. Vol. 139. No. 6. P. 1479-1486.
  3. Kreiss K., Newman L. J. Occup. Med. 1989. Vol. 31. No. 7. P. 603-608.
  4. Schuler C.R., Virji M.A., Deubner D.C. et. al. Sensitization and chronic beryllium disease at a primary manufacturing facility. Part 3: Exposure-response among short-term workers. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health. 2012. Vol. 38. No. 3. P. 270-281.
  5. Pyatkin E.K., Nugis V.Yu. Ispol'zovanie metodiki differentsial'nogo okrashivaniya sestrinskikh khromatid dlya izucheniya proliferativnoi aktivnosti limfotsitov perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka v kul'ture v norme i posle γ-oblucheniya in vitro. Radiobiologiya. 1980. Vol. 20. No. 6. P. 871-876.
  6. Middleton D., Kowalski P. Advances in identifying beryllium sensitization and disease. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2010. No. 7. P. 115-124.
  7. Deubner D.C., Goodman M., Iannuzzi J. Variability, predictive value, and uses of the beryllium blood lymphocyte proliferation test (BLPT): Preliminary analysis of the ongoing workforce survey. Appl. Environ. Hyg. 2001. Vol. 16. No. 5. P. 521-526.
  8. Middleton D.C., Lewin M.D., Kowalski P.J. et. al. The BeLPT: Algorithms and interpretations. Amer. J. Ind. Med. 2006. Vol. 49. No. 1. P. 36-44.
  9. Maier L.A. Beryllium health effects in the era of the beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test. Appl. Environ. Hyg. 2001. Vol. 16. No. 5. P. 514-520.
  10. Kreiss K., Wasserman S., Mroz M.M., Newman L.S. Beryllium disease screening in the ceramics industry: blood lymphocyte test performance and exposure-disease relations. J. Occup. Med. 1993. Vol. 35. No. 3. P. 267-274.
  11. Newman L.S., Mroz M.M., Balkissoon R., Maier L.A. Beryllium sensitization progresses to chronic beryllium disease: a longitudinal study of disease risk. Amer. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2005. Vol. 171. No. 1. P. 54-60.
  12. Wallace P.K., Tario J.D. Jr., Fisher J.L. et. al. Tracking antigen-driven responses by flow cytometry: monitoring proliferation by dye dilution. Cytometry. 2008. Vol. 73A. No. 11. P. 1019-1034.
  13. Milovanova T.N. Comparative analysis between CFSE flow cytometric and tritiated thymidine incorporation tests for beryllium sensitivity. Cytometryk. 2007. Vol. 72B. No. 4. P. 265-275.
  14. Milovanova T.N., Popma S.H., Cherian S. et. al. Flow cytometric test for beryllium sensitivity. Cytometry. 2004. Vol. 60B. No. 1. P. 23-30.
  15. Snigireva G.P., Bogomazova A.N., Novitskaya N.N. et. al. Biologicheskaya indikatsiya radiatsionnogo vozdeistviya na organizm cheloveka s ispol'zovaniem tsitogeneticheskikh metodov. Meditsinskaya tekhnologiya No. FS-2007/015-U. Moscow. 2007. 29 p.
  16. Crossen P.E., Morgan W.F. Analysis of human lymphocyte cell cycle time in culture measured by sister chromatid differential staining. Exp. Cell. Res. 1977. Vol. 104. No. 2. P. 453-457.

For citation: Zapadinskaja EE, Tihonova OA, Eremin II, Nugis VYu, Zhgutov JuA, Kozlova MG. Comparative Analysis of Be-LPT Test Informativity for Study of Lymphocyte Proliferation Stimulation in Persons Exposed to Beryllium. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(2):47-55. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 2. P. 37-46

RADIATION MEDICINE

V.Yu. Nugis, M.G. Kozlova

Cytogenetic Researches in Two Situations of Unregulated Ionizing Radiation Source Finding

Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Evaluation of the results of cytogenetic studies aimed for biological dose indication for two groups of people probably irradiated with unregulated sources of ionizing radiation.

Material and methods: The cytogenetic studies were carried out with use of peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures, FISH-method was applied in one case and classic method of chromosome staining was applied in another case.

Results: It is shown that chromosome aberration frequencies in almost all examined people did not exceed limits of background values despite real existence of ionizing radiation sources. The frequency of FISH-registered translocations exceeded a reference level and corresponded to a dose of 0.34 Sv only in one individual. However his involvement into the radiation situation is doubtful.

Conclusion: Cytogenetic data received with use of classical or FISH-methods of chromosome painting corresponded to low doses estimated with physical methods for persons involved in two considered radiation incidents.

Key words: chromosome aberrations, peripheral blood lymphocytes culture, occasional irradiation

REFERENCES

  1. Cytogenetic Analysis for Radiation Dose Assessment: A Manual. Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2001. Technical Reports series No. 405. 126 p.
  2. Cytogenetic Dosimetry: Applications in Preparedness for and Response to Radiation Emergencies. Vienna: IAEA. 2011. 245 p.
  3. Koterov A.N. Ot ochen' malykh do ochen' bol'shikh doz radiatsii: novye dannye po ustanovleniyu diapazonov i ikh eksperimental'no-epidemiologicheskie obosnovaniya. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2013. Vol. 58. No. 2. P. 5-21.
  4. Lucas J.N., Awa A., Straume T. et al. Rapid translocation frequency analysis in human decades after exposure to ionizing radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 1992. Vol. 62. No. 1. P. 53-63.
  5. Mendelsohn M.L., Mayall B.H., Bogart E. et al. DNA content and DNA-based centromeric index of 24 human chromosomes. Science. 1973. Vol. 179. No. 78. P. 1126-1129.
  6. Normy radiatsionnoi bezopasnosti (NRB-99/2009). Sanitarnye pravila i normativy SanPinN 2.6.1.2523-09. Moscow. 2009. 70 p.
  7. Lloyd D.C., Edwards A.A., Moquet J.E. et al. Doses in radiation accidents investigated by chromosome aberration analysis. XXI: Review of cases investigated, 1994-1996. National Radiological Protection Board. 1996. NRPB-R291. 24 p.
  8. Voisin P., Roy L., Banderitter M. Why can’t we find a better biological indicator of dose? Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 2004. Vol. 112. No. 4. P. 465-469.
  9. Edwards A.A., Lindholm C., Darroudi F. et al. Review of translocations detected by FISH for retrospective biological dosimetry application. Radiat. Protect. Dosimetry. 2005. Vol. 113. No. 4. P. 396-402.
  10. Ainsbury E.A., Bakhanova E., Barquinero J.F. Review of retrospective dosimetry techniques for external ionising radiation exposures. Radiat. Protect. Dosimetry. 2011. Vol. 147. No. 4. P. 573-592.
  11. Snigireva G.P., Bogomazova A.N., Novitskaya N.N. et al. Biologicheskaya indikatsiya radiatsionnogo vozdeistviya na organizm cheloveka s ispol'zovaniem tsitogeneticheskikh metodov. Meditsinskaya tekhnologiya FS-2007/015-U. Moscow. 2007. 29 p.
  12. Vorobtsova I.E., Taker Dzh.D., Timofeeva I.M. et al. Vliyanie vozrasta i oblucheniya na chastotu translokatsii i ditsentrikov, opredelyaemykh metodom FISH, v limfotsitakh cheloveka. Radiats. biologiya. Radioekologiya. 2000. Vol. 40. No. 2. P. 142-148.
  13. Whitehouse C.A., Edwards A.A., Tawn E.J. et al. Translocation yields in peripheral blood lymphocytes from control populations. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2005. Vol. 81. No. 2. P. 139-145.
  14. Sevan'kaev A.V., Khvostunov I.K., Snigireva G.P. et al. Sravnitel'nyi analiz rezul'tatov tsitogeneticheskikh obsledovanii kontrol'nykh grupp lits v razlichnykh otechestvennykh laboratoriyakh. Radiats. biologiya. Radioekologiya. 2013. Vol. 53. No. 1. P. 5-24.

For citation: Nugis VYu, Kozlova MG. Cytogenetic Researches in Two Situations of Unregulated Ionizing Radiation Source Finding. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(2):37-46. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 2. P. 22-24

RADIATION SAFETY

A.K. Guskova

Principles of Special Education of General Medical Practishinars for Participation in Radiation Situation

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Radiation factor has come to stay in modern life. The quantity of contingents contacting is about of some hundreds of thousands. The part of areas with increased radiation field is about 1/2. The mechanism of aggravation caused by irradiation from man made sources is different. The significance of the dose level changes is described. The most useful basic specialties of health-care workers are defined. Certain programs and forms of training are recommended.

Key words: ionizing radiation, technogenic sources, guidelines, real doses, categories of areas, basic specialties, forms of training

For citation: Guskova AK. Principles of Special Education of General Medical Practishinars for Participation in Radiation Situation. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(2):22-4. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 2. P. 25-36

RADIATION MEDICINE

A.M. Lyaginskaya1, V.V. Romanov2, I.M. Petoyan1, V.A. Osipov1, A.P. Ermalitskiy1

Health of the Population Resided Close to Smolensk NPP

1. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Conducting testing control system for possible radiation effects on the health of population resided in radiation hazard zone.

Material and methods: In the framework of public monitoring the health assessment of people (adults and children) including evaluation of reproductive health of population resided close to Smolensk NPP, have been carried out. Basic research related to the five-year period of 2003-2007, on separate indicators continued until 2012.

Conclusion: The data obtained allow to draw conclusion that the health of the population resided near Smolensk NPP can be considered as about of the prosperous state in comparison with general population of the country. The study found no association of negative trends in the individual health outcomes of children and adults with the influence of nuclear power plant.

Key words: population health, mortality, morbidity, reproductive health, Smolensk NPP

REFERENCES

  1. Federal'nyi zakon No. 3-FZ ot 9.01.1996 g. «O radiatsionnoi bezopasnosti naseleniya».
  2. Prikaz FMBA Rossii No. 1793 ot 30.12.2002 g. «Ob organizatsii sotsial'no-gigienicheskogo monitoringa na ob"ektakh i territoriyakh, obsluzhivaemykh FMBA Rossii».
  3. Merkov A.M., Polyakov L.E. Sanitarnaya statistika (posobie dlya vrachei). Moscow: Meditsina. 1974. 384 p.
  4. Shchepin O.P., Korotkikh R.V., Shchepin V.O., Medik V.A. Zdorov'e naseleniya - osnova razvitiya zdravookhraneniya. In Shchepina O.P. (ed.). Moscow: Natsional'nyi NII obshchestvennogo zdorov'ya RAMN. 2009. 376 p.
  5. Osipov V.A., Lyaginskaya A.M., Petoyan I.M., et al. Vrozhdennye poroki razvitiya u detei personala Smolenskoi NPP i ikh svyaz' s professional'nym oblucheniem ottsov. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2014. Vol. 59. No. 4. P. 18-24.

For citation: Lyaginskaya AM, Romanov VV, Petoyan IM, Osipov VA, Ermalitskiy AP. Health of the Population Resided Close to Smolensk NPP. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(2):25-36. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 2. P. 15-21

RADIATION SAFETY

N.K. Shandala1, I.P. Korenkov1, V.V. Romanov2

Radiation Situation at the NPP Area

1. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Radiation survey around NPPs and establishing “zero” background for the environment.

Material and methods: In the course of radiation hygienic monitoring, the special regulation has been developed. This regulation includes: selection of media for surveillance (air, soil, and foodstuffs), identification of sampling areas and frequency. In 48 settlements around NPPs, more than 600 samples for study have been collected. These samples were studied using gamma spectrometry, radiometry and radiochemistry methods.

Results: Radiation and health physics situation in the areas surrounding NPPs remains satisfactory:

- gamma dose rate is within the natural background variation range (0.08-0.15 μSv/h);

- specific activity of 90Sr and 137Cs in water of open reservoirs does not exceed 0.04 and 0.01 Bq/l, respectively;

- concentration of 90Sr and 137Cs in local foodstuffs is 100 - 1000 times lower than the permissible levels;

- concentrations of 90Sr and 137Cs in foodstuffs within the NPPs supervision areas are the same as those in the similar foodstuffs of other regions;

- the highest annual individual effective internal doses do not exceed 10 μSv /year.

Conclusions: Long-term experience in the operating NPP (Novovoronezh and Kalinin) shows that in case of route operation, radioactive contamination is low in comparison with natural background and there is no significant effect on the radiation dose to population and environment.

Key words: surveillance area, environmental media, local foodstuffs, population, effective dose

REFERENCES

  1. Knizhnikov V.A., Zhakov Yu.A., Mel'nikov N.V., et al. Radiatsionnaya obstanovka v raione razmeshcheniya Rostovskoi AES do puska ee v ekspluatatsiyu. Otchet. Institut biofiziki MZ SSSR i Rostovskaya oblastnaya sanitarno-epidemiologicheskaya stantsiya MZ RSFSR. Moscow. 1989. 61 p. (In Russ.).
  2. Radiatsionno-gigienicheskii monitoring Volgodonskoi AES (pervyi god ekspluatatsii). In Il'in L.A. and Murina M.B. (eds.). Moscow: GNTs-IBF. 2003. 50 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Knizhnikov V.A., Zhakov Yu.A., Novikova N.Ya. et. al. Radiatsionnaya obstanovka v raione razmeshcheniya Kalininskoi AES do nachala ee raboty. Otchet o NIR. Moscow: IBF MZ RF. 1983. 40 p. (In Russ.).
  4. Il'in L.A., Shandala N.K., Savkin M.N. et. al. Monitoring radiatsionno-gigienicheskoi obstanovki v raionakh razmeshcheniya AES. V kn. «Gigienicheskaya nauka i praktika na rubezhe XXI veka». Materialy IX Vserossiiskogo s"ezda gigienistov i sanitarnykh vrachei. Moscow, Oct. 17-19, 2001. Moscow: MZ RF. 2001. Vol. II. P. 565-569. (In Russ.).
  5. Il'in L.A., Shandala N.K., Savkin M.N. et. al. Mesto i rol' radiatsionno-gigienicheskogo monitoringa v sisteme sotsial'no-gigienicheskogo monitoringa. Gigiena i sanitariya. 2004. No. 5. P. 9-15. (In Russ.).
  6. Shandala N.K., Petukhova E.V., Ivanov E.A. et. al. Otsenka radiatsionno-gigienicheskoi obstanovki i doz oblucheniya naseleniya v zonakh nablyudeniya nekotorykh AES Rossii. V kn.: «Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost', tekhnogennye riski i ustoichivoe razvitie». Sb. nauchn. trudov konf. Yadernogo obshchestva Rossii, Moskva, 23-27 iyulya 2002 g. Moscow, RAN. 2002. P. 322-325. (In Russ.).
  7. Il'in L.A., Shandala N.K., Savkin M.N. et. al. Sostoyanie i perspektivy monitoringa radiatsionno-gigienicheskoi obstanovki v raionakh AES. Byull. po atomnoi energii. 2004. No. 4. P. 56-62; No. 5. P. 66-71. (In Russ.).
  8. Sanitarnye pravila proektirovaniya i ekspluatatsii atomnykh stantsii (SP AS-99) Sanitarnye pravila. SP 2.6.1.27-2000. Moscow. 2000. 70 p. (In Russ.).
  9. Osnovnye sanitarnye pravila obespecheniya radiatsionnoi bezopasnosti OSPORB-99/2010. (In Russ.).
  10. Vnedrenie pokazatelei radiatsionnoi bezopasnosti o sostoyanii ob"ektov okruzhayushchei sredy, v t.ch. prodovol'stvennogo syr'ya i pishchevykh produktov v sistemu sotsial'no-gigienicheskogo monitoringa. Metodicheskie ukazaniya. Moscow. Minzdrav Rossii. 2004. 24 p. (In Russ.).
  11. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po sanitarnomu kontrolyu za soderzhaniem radioaktivnykh veshchestv v ob"ektakh vneshnei sredy. In Mareya A.N. (ed.). Moscow: Institut biofiziki MZ SSSR. 1980. 336 p. (In Russ.).
  12. Korenkov I.P., Pol'skii O.G., Korenkov A.P., Tikhomirov V.A. Rukovodstvo po metodam kontrolya za radioaktivnost'yu okruzhayushchei sredy. Moscow: Meditsina: 2002. 394 p. (In Russ.).
  13. Normy radiatsionnoi bezopasnosti. NRB-99/2009. (In Russ.).
  14. Gigienicheskie trebovaniya bezopasnosti i pishchevoi tsennosti pishchevykh produktov. SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01. Moscow: FGUP «InterSEN». 2002. 168 p. (In Russ.).
  15. Shandala N.K., Petukhova E.V., Savkin M.N. et. al. Rezul'taty radiatsionnogo monitoringa v g. Moskve. Gigiena i sanitariya. 2001. No. 1. P. 26-30. (In Russ.).
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  17. Shandala N.K., Korenkov I.P., Kotenko K.V., Novikova N.Ya. Global'nye i avariinye vypadeniya 137Cs and 90Sr. Moscow: Meditsina. 2009. 208 p. (In Russ.).
  18. Sanitarnye pravila proektirovaniya i ekspluatatsii atomnykh stantsii SP AS-03. SanPin 2.6.1.24-03. Moscow. 2004. 66 p. (In Russ.).

For citation: Shandala ТK, Korenkov IP, Romanov VV. Radiation Situation at the NPP Area. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(2):15-21. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

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