SCIENTIFIC AND INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL MAGAZINE

ISSN 1024-6177 (Print), ISSN 2618-9615 (Online)

JOURNAL DESCRIPTION

The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.

Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.

Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.

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The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.

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The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.

Issues journals

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 4. P. 12-18

RADIATION BIOLOGY

V.P. Fyodorov, O.P. Gundarova, N.V. Sgibneva, N.V. Maslov

Radiation-Induced and Age-Related Changes in Cerebellar Neurons

N.N. Burdenko State Medical Academy, Voronezh, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To explore the changes in the structural and functional organization of the cerebellar cortex neurons throughout the period of post-radiation in comparison with the age adsjusted control.

Material and methods: White male rats (120 animals) irradiated on the Hizatron 60Co γ-rays single dose of 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0 Gy with a dose rate of 0.5 Gy/h. Material taken away by one day, 6, 12 and 18 months after irradiation. The dynamics of tinctorial properties of neurons, their morphometric parameters, amount of protein, and nucleic acids examined.

Results: The correlation between different types of neurons in animals of biological control has changed throughout life and generally reflected their different functional status. By the end of the period of post-radiation, the number of decaying neurons was increased. In irradiated animals the decrease of the number of normochromic neurons at a dose of 0.1 Gy was found day after the irradiation. In 6 months, the greatest decrease in the number of normochromic neurons was observed at doses of 0.1 and 1.0 Gy due to the increase of nerve cells with destructive changes. At the end of post-radiation period, the number of nerve cells corresponded to the age adjusted control, and to the increase of the number of destructive cells at a dose of 0.5 Gy. Within the life span of both the control and irradiated animals, the stochastic variation of morphometric parameters of all components of neurons was observed, especially in their bodies and in the cytoplasm, and to a lesser extent in the nucleus and nucleolus. The protein content in nerve cells, nuclear DNA, post- phase changed RNA nucleoli has been reduced at the end of the observation, and the RNA in the cytoplasm of neurons has decreased slightly.

Conclusion: The nervous system has certain sensitivity to the radiation factor. Revealed changes are reversible and, under certain conditions can cause various forms of alternative or adaptive changes. All kinds of changes occurred in both the control and experimental groups are differentin percentage only.

Key words: neurons, cerebellum, ionizing radiation, nejromorfologikal effects

REFERENCES

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  14. Karpov V.N., Ushakov I.B., Davydov B.I. Effektivnaya doza kak razdrazhayushchee vozdeistvie pri fraktsionirovannom γ-obluchenii. Radiobiologiya. 1990. Vol. 30. No. 1. P. 107–112. (In Russ.).
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For citation: Fyodorov VP, Gundarova OP, Sgibneva NV, Maslov NV. Radiation-Induced and Age-Related Changes in Cerebellar Neurons.. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(4):12-8. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 4. P. 5-11

RADIATION BIOLOGY

S.V. Osovets

Revisiting the Theory of Radiation Injury and Recovery

Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk region, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To develop an alternative approach (regarding the Blair-Davidson theory) to quantitative description of radiation injury and recovery processes based on common radiobiological patterns typical for deterministic effects.

Results: Based on quantitative patterns of deterministic effects a new distribution of recovery potential (U) following a whole body irradiation of mammals was estimated:

where T was a duration of exposure, T1/2 was a half recovery period during an exposure. U value ranged from 0 to 1 with T value ranging from 0 to T1/2. An equation of a residual dose De (absolute injury) at double external gamma exposure was derived:

where D was a dose from the first exposure event, t was a time interval between two sequential radiation exposures, t 1/2 was a half recovery period after the irradiation. A suggested relation between De and t was based on the assumption of the similarity of mathematical representations of recovery processes during irradiation and postirradiation periods. Additionally, a new relationship between a median dose D50 and duration of exposure T was obtained:

where θ∞ and θ1 were parameters of the mathematical model. The estimated relationships were tested using experimental data on acute X-ray irradiation of mice.

Conclusions: Based on the development of fundamental mathematical models used for quantitative description of deterministic effects, an alternative approach to modeling the processes of mammalian radiation injury and recovery was stated and considerably advanced compared to the original Blair-Davidson theory. Mathematical representations of recovery processes at external whole body exposure were shown to be similar, but the recovery rate for irradiation period differed from that for post-irradiation one. New distributions and equations were derived to provide an adequate description of the above mentioned ionizing radiation health effects in mammals. Further development of the theory is needed to practically apply it to radiology, radiobiology and radiation safety.

Key words: Blair-Davidson theory, radiation injury and recovery, external gamma-ray exposure, deterministic effects, mathematical models

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For citation: Osovets SV. Revisiting the Theory of Radiation Injury and Recovery. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(4):5-11. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 5. P. 50-58

NUCLEAR MEDICINE

I.P. Aslanidis1, D.M.Pursanova1, O.V. Mukhortova1, A.V. Silchenkov1, O.B. Karyakin2, V.A. Biryukov2, V.I. Shirokorad3

Detection of Prostate Cancer Relapse with 11C-choline PET/CT in Patients after Radical Prostatectomy

1. A.N. Bakoulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre, Obninsk, Russia; 3. Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 62, Moscow, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic impact of 11C-choline PET/CT in the detection of recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy and to assess the correlation between PSA levels and PET/CT detection rate of PCa relapse.

Methods and materials: 11C-choline PET/CT was performed in 58 patients (age range 50-79) with biochemical relapse after radical prostatectomy. Examinations were performed on PET/CT scanner (Biograph-64, Siemens) 10 min after injection of 11C-choline (700-950 MBq). The mean PSA value was 2.25 ± 2.87 (0.22-17.8) ng/ml. Patients were divided into three groups according to PSA level: ≤ 2 ng/ml, 2 to 9 ng/ml and ≥ 9 ng/ml.

Results: Overall, 11C-choline PET/CT detected PCa relapse in 18 of 58 patients (31 %). Positive PET/CT results were obtained in 8 of 39 patients (21 %) with PSA of ≤ 2 ng/ml, in 8 of 17 patients (47 %) with PSA of 2 to 9 ng/ml, and in 2 of 2 patients (100 %) with PSA of ≥ 9 ng/ml. Local relapse was detected in 55 % (10/18) patients. Both local and distant metastases were diagnosed in 28 % (5/18) cases: bone lesions (2), lymph nodes (2), lymph nodes and adrenal gland (1). Distant relapse was identified in 17 % (3/18) cases: bone (2) and lungs (1). PET/CT allowed to assess the efficacy of treatment in 25 % (10/40) PET-negative patients under hormone therapy at the scan time. However, PET/CT wasn’t able to localize the site of PCa recurrence in these hormone-sensitive patients what might have affected the overall detection rate.

Conclusion: 1) 11C-choline PET/CT was able to detect and correctly identify the site of PCa relapse in 46 % cases and therefore was useful in determining the further therapeutic approach. 2) Our data confirmed the strong correlation between PSA levels and 11C-choline PET/CT detection rate of PCa relapse (r = 0.9). 3) 11C-choline PET/CT has limited utility in localizing the site of PCa recurrence in some patients under hormone therapy.

Key words: prostate cancer recurrence, PET/CT, 11C-choline, PSA

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For citation: Aslanidis IP, Pursanova DM, Mukhortova OV, Silchenkov AV, Karyakin OB, Biryukov VA, Shirokorad VI. Detection of Prostate Cancer Relapse with 11C-choline PET/CT in Patients after Radical Prostatectomy. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(5):50-8. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 5. P. 59-73

REVIEW

E.A. Dunaeva1, A.V. Boyko1, L.V. Demidova1, L.Z. Velher2, L.I. Korobkova2, A.U. Korobkova2, O.B. Dubovetskaya1, T.A. Teleous1

Conservative Methods of Prevention and Treatment of Radiation Complications in Patients with Malignant Neoplasms of Female Genital Organs

1. P.A. Herzen Research Oncological Institute, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. A.I. Evdokimov Moscow Stage University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia

CONTENTS

Radiation therapy of malignant tumors of the genitals, even with the use of modern equipment and radiotherapy capabilities, as well as, dosimetry planning leads to the development of pathological changes in the mucosa of the rectum, bladder and vagina in 20-80 % of patients. The main factors influenced on the occurrence and severity of radiation damage are: the value of single and total focal dose, the dose fractionation regimen, method of irradiation (remote, intracavitary, combined), the number of exposures (2, 4, 6 patch reference technique for remote RT), co-morbidities of annexa (rectosigmoid colon, bladder, vagina), radiomodifications (chemotherapy, hyperthermia), surgery on the pelvic organs and the initial state of the organism. In the treatment of local radiation damage generally used approach includes methods of general and local feedback. Among conservative methods of treatment of local radiation injuries physical impact factors, such as low-intensity laser radiation (LLLT) have recently become widely used. Creating optimal combinations of drugs (in the form of ointments, gels, sprays, suppositories, etc.) having a therapeutic effect on wound process are recognized as of promising. The advent of technology aimed (targeted) drug delivery using Kolegel gels suggests a significant impact on the state of tissues within the irradiation zone. Application of these hydrogel materials allowed marking good tolerance, high efficiency in the prevention of radiation reactions (as compared to standard procedures).

Key words: female sexual organs, conservative treatment, radiation complications, radiation rectitis, radiation cystitis, radiation mucousitis, review

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For citation: Dunaeva EA, Boyko AV, Demidova LV, Velher LZ, Korobkova LI, Korobkova AU, Dubovetskaya OB, Teleous TA. Conservative Methods of Prevention and Treatment of Radiation Complications in Patients with Malignant Neoplasms of Female Genital Organs. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(5):59-73. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015. Vol. 60. No. 5. P. 46-49

DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLODGY

I.S. Zaharov1, G.I. Kolpinskij1, G.A. Ushakova1, E.S. Kagan2

Use Three-Dimensional Bone Densitometry in Predicting the Risk of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures in Postmenopausal Women

1. Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To develop a model for predicting osteoporotic vertebral fractures in women on the basis of three-dimensional bone densitometry.

Material and methods: The study included 282 women who are postmenopausal, 72 of which have suffered compression fractures of vertebral bodies. Three-dimensional densitometry II-IV of the lumbar vertebrae by quantitative computed tomography was carried out for all patients. Mineral density (BMD) of the trabecular and cortical bone, as well as, bilateral asymmetry indices BMD vertebral bodies were estimated. To process the results and create predictive models of fracture standard methods of binary logistic regression were used.

Results: Based on the results of three-dimensional bone densitometry the model of vertebral fractures in women prediction was developed. In the model developed the asymmetry index of trabecular bone BMD (p = 0.011) and then follow the leading indicators of trabecular bone BMD (p = 0.033), cortical bone BMD (p = 0.034) and the asymmetry index of cortical bone BMD (p = 0.044) are of the greatest significance. The area under the ROC-curve was 0.894 [0.855; 0.932], indicating that the ability to form highly predictive model. Final classification threshold was estimated as 0.371, and the sensitivity of the model - 77.8 %, specificity - 86.7 %. Based on the developed model, a low risk of vertebral fractures corresponds to the forecast probabilities was found below than 0.371, the average risk - predictive probability ranging from 0.371 to 0.5 and higher risk - higher 0.5.

ϼ/u>onclusion: The proposed method makes it possible to predict the probability of occurrence of osteoporotic fractures of the vertebrae with high confidence, which in turn could allow the timely prevention of this type of complications of osteoporosis.

Key words: osteoporosis, quantitative computed tomography, bone mineral density, binary logistic regression, prediction of fracture risk

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For citation: Zaharov IS, Kolpinskij GI, Ushakova GA, Kagan ES. Use Three-Dimensional Bone Densitometry in Predicting the Risk of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures in Postmenopausal Women. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2015;60(5):46-9. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

  1. 2015-5-Belyh-eng
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  3. 2015-5-Aleksakhin-eng
  4. 2015-5-Akleyev-eng

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