Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 3. С. 55–61

V.P. Zolotnitskaia¹, I.V. Amosov¹, O.P. Baranova¹, A.P. Litvinov¹, V.I. Amosov¹,
A.A. Speranskaia¹, V.A. Ratnikov²

SPECT with ⁶⁷Ga Citrate in the Diagnosis of Systemic Sarcoidosis

¹Academician I.P. Pavlov First St.-Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia

²Sokolov Hospital № 122, St. Petersburg, Russia

Contact person: Valentina Petrovna Zolotnitskaia: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Purpose: To study the possibilities of using 67Ga-citrate in patients with systemic manifestations of sarcoidosis to identify foci of pathological accumulation of the drug and assess the degree of process activity.

Material and methods: Radionulide study with 67Ga-citrate was performed in 140 patients with respiratory sarcoidosis and suspected extrapulmonary localization. In addition, all patients underwent X-ray examination of the lungs, MSCT of the organs of the chest and abdominal cavity, SPECT of the lungs with radiopharmaceutical macroaggregates of albumin, ultrasound of the abdomen, pelvis, MRI of the head was performed in 16 patients with suspected neurosarcoidosis.

Results: Most patients (n = 125) showed changes in the lungs, manifested by a bright glow (yellow or purple) on the computer screen, which indicated a pronounced impaired function of lymphoid tissue. In 22 patients, the changes were recurrent. The results correlated with published data on damage to the nervous system (r = 0.96), musculoskeletal system (r = 0.97), parotid glands (r = 0.91), liver, spleen (r = 0.83) . At the same time, the results for eye damage (r = 0.23), ENT organs (r = 0.15), intestines (r = 0.48) were significantly different. In our study, no heart lesions were detected in any case.

Conclusions: The use of positive scintigraphy with Ga-67 citrate, taking into account the whole body scan and SPECT of areas of interest of interest (chest cavity, abdominal cavity, head, pelvis) is effective for the diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis and in determining the activity of the process. The study is recommended to be performed 72 hours after intravenous administration of the drug.

The combination of CT, MRI and radionuclide studies allows you to obtain reliable information about the activity of the process, to identify the localization of increased metabolic activity, that is, the topography of active sarcoidosis.

Key words: sarcoidosis, 67Ga-citrate, SPECT

For citation: Zolotnitskaia VP, Amosov IV,.Baranova OP, Litvinov AP, Amosov VI, Speranskaia AA, Ratnikov VA. SPECT with 67Ga citrate in the diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(3):55-61.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-3-55-61

References

1. Landi C, Carleo A, Cillis G, Rottoli P. Sarcoidosis: Proteomics and new Perspectives for Improving Personalized Medicine. Expert. Rev. Proteomics. 2018;15;10:829-835. DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.152 8148. 
2. Vizel' AA, Vizel' IYu, Amirov NB Epidemiology of Sarcoidosis in the Russian Federation. Vestnik Sovremennoi Klinicheskoi Meditsiny. 2017;5:66-73 (In Russian) DOI: 10.20969/VSKM.2017.10(5). 66-73.
3. Tikhonovich EL, Vezikova NN, Markelova OA, Malysheva I.E. Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment of Sarcoidosis in Karelia. Uchen. app. Petrozavod. State un-that. Ser. Natural and Technical Sciences. 2015;6;151:67-71 (In Russian).
4. Elizabeth V, Arkema EV, Johan Grunewald J, Kullberg S, et al. Sarcoidosis Incidence and Prevalence: a Nationwide Register-based Assessment in Sweden. Eur. Respir. J. 2016;48:1545-1548.
5. Baughman RP, Field S, Costabel U et al. Sarcoidosis in America. Analysis Based on Health Care Use. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2016;13;8:1244-52. DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201511-760OC. 
6. Fomin VV, Brovko MYu. Kalashnikov MV, Sholomova VI, Rozina TP, Akulkina LA, Pershina AE, Yanakaeva ASh, Nekrasova TP. Damage to the Liver with Sarcoidosis. Therapeutic Archive. 2019;04:4-12 (In Russian). DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.04. 000179
7. Ungprasert P, Matteson EL Neurosarcoidosis. Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. 2017;43;4:593-606. Epub 2017. Aug. 23.  DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2017.06.008.
8. Ibitoye RT, Wilkins A, Scolding NJ Neurosarcoidosis: a Clinical Approach to Diagnosis and Management  J. Neurol. 2017;264;5:1023-1028. DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8336-4.
9. Vizel' AA, Amirov NB. Sarcoidosis and Organ Damage in the Digestive System. Vestnik Sovremennoi Klinicheskoi Meditsiny. 2010;1:43-50 (In Russian).
10. Valeyre D, Prasse A, Nunes H, Uzunhan Y, Brillet PY, Müller-Quernheim J. Sarcoidosis. Lancet. 2014;383;9923:1155-67. DOI: 10.1016 /S0140-6736(13)60680-7 
11. Lebedeva MV, Popova EN, Ponomarev AB, et al. Extrapulmonary Manifestations of Sarcoidosis. Vrach. 2011;3:43-5 (In Russian).
12. El Sayed F, Torbey G, Youssef H, Chababi M. Childhood Sarcoidosis: Diagnostic Issues. Dermatol. Online J. 2013. V.19, No.10. P.20037
13. Lishmanov YuB, Chernov VI. Radionuclide Diagnostics for Medical Practitioners. Tomsk.: STT, 2004. 394 p. (In Russian).
14. Gezer N, Başara I, Altay C, Harman M, Rocher L, Karabulut N, Seçil M. Abdominal Sarcoidosis: Cross-Sectional Imaging Findings. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2015. V.21, No.2. P.111-7. DOI: 10.5152/ dir.2014.14210
15. Chapman MN, Fujita A, Sung EK, Siegel C. Nadgir RN, Saito N, Sakai O. Sarcoidosis in the Head and Neck: an Illustrative Review of Clinical Presentations and Imaging Findings  AJR Am. J. Roentgenol. 2017. V.208, No.1. P.66-75. DOI: 10.2214/ AJR.16.16058.
16. Heinle R, Chang C. Diagnostic Criteria for Sarcoidosis. Autoimmun Rev. 2014. V.13, No.5. P.383-387. DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014. 01.035
17. Aratfni T, Narabayashy I, Komori N, et al. Usefulness of Tc-99mMIBI SPECT in Predicting Multidrug Gene Expression Levels in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer a Preliminary. Ann Nucl. Med. 2001;15;4:313-319.
18. Korchagina EO. Results of Clinical and Radionuclide Studies in Patients with Respiratory Sarcoidosis. Ukrainian Medical Almanac. 2009;12;2:85-87 (In Russian).
19. Videnovic, Ivanov J, Vucinic Mihailovic V, Artiko V, et al. Responsiveness of FDG PET/CT to Treatment of Patients with Active Chronic Sarcoidosis. Clin. Nucl. Med. 2013;38;7:516-521.
20. Zaitsev AA, Antipushina DN, Sivokozov IV. Practical Possibilities of PET / CT in Assessing the Activity and Prevalence of Sarcoidosis. Pulmonology. 2013;6:119-122 (In Russian).

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 23.12.2020. 

Accepted for publication: 20.01.2021. 

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 3. P. 40–47

G.P. Frolov¹, K.N. Melkova², T.I. Gimadova¹, E.I. Klimenko¹

Historical Aspects and Practice of the Use of Total Therapeutic Human Exposure

¹A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

²ALC Kompas Zdorovya, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: Gennady Pavlovich Frolov: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

The article discusses the historical experience of introducing into practice the clinic of the State Research Center Institute of Biophysics, Ministry of Health of the USSR, the method of irradiation of the whole patient's body on a device containing 137 Cs at a dose of 10–12 Gy before bone marrow transplantation. To ensure the safety of the total therapeutic irradiation method (TTI, total body irradiation – TBI in the world literature), as well as to maintain the specified irradiation parameters, a dose control system was used using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) attached to the patient's body at each irradiation fraction to correct the total dose to the last fraction. In addition to the therapeutic procedure, the TTO model was used to study aspects of verification of emergency exposure and other issues of supporting cases of acute radiation disease. The practical part of the article illustrates the method of radiation dose control using TLD at 22 points when changing the TTI (TBI) technique to a linear accelerator for radiotherapy 6 MeV to perform the procedure with a more preferable dose rate and reduce the patient's exposure time for a fraction of radiation at a dose of 2 Gy for 40 to 20 minutes. The article presents the parameters of the irradiation according to the method and the data obtained on the basis of TLD during the irradiation of the patient according to the modified method. The correspondence of the radiation dose, as well as the irregularity of the irradiation to the specified parameters (less than 10 %), as well as the effectiveness of the use of lung protection with dose reduction from 12 to 8 Gy, is shown. The specified measurements using TLD should be carried out when changing the method at the first actual application, especially in the absence of preliminary phantom measurements. A clear understanding of the principles of radiation therapy in the case of TTI (TBI) is an invaluable experience of doctors, which is used in the treatment of rare cases of acute radiation sickness as a result of emergency (uncontrolled) exposure, both at radiation-hazardous enterprises and with known calculation errors in planning therapeutic radiation.

Key words:radiation therapy, total body irradiation, thermoluminescent dosimeter, bone marrow transplant, equipment for irradiation of the human body, radiation dose control, exposure in a radiation accident.

For citation: Frolov GP, Melkova KN, Gimadova TI, Klimenko EI. Historical Aspects and Practice of the Use of Total Therapeutic Human Exposure. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety 2021;66(3):40-47.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-4-40-47

References

1. Wheldon TE The Radiological Basis of Total Body Irradiation. Br. J Radiol. 1997;70:1204-1207.
2. Tae HK, Faiz MK, Galvin JM A Report of the Work Party: Comparison of Total Body Irradiation Techniques for Bone Marrow Transplantation. Int. J Radiol. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 1980;6:779-83.
3. Bortin MM. A Compendium of Reported Human Bone Marrow Transplants. Transplantation. 1970;9(6):571-83.
4. Melkova KN, Gorbunova NV, Chernyavskaya TZ, et al. Total Body Irradiation for Bone Marrow Trasplantation. Journal of Clinical Oncohematology. 2012;5(2):96-116 (In Russian).
5. Gorlachev GE, Trofimova OP, Zaychenko OS, Krylova TA, Gutnik RA, Yazhgunovich IP. Rules and Technique in Total Body Irradiation. Journal of Medical Physics. 2018;1:17-18 (In Russian).
6. Bochvar IA, Gimadova TI, Keirim-Markus IB, Kushnerev AYa, Yakubik VV. IKS Method of Dosimentry. Мoscow, Atomizdat Publ., 1977. 222 p. (In Russian).
7. Nugis V.Yu. Medical Radiology. 1986;(9):30-35 (In Russian).

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 23.12.2020. 

Accepted for publication: 20.01.2021. 

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 3. P. 48–54

I.L. Bukhovets¹, O.Ya. Vasiltseva^1,2, Yu.B. Lishmanov^1,2, I.N. Vorozhtsova^1,3, A.G. Lavrov³, 
E.A. Ivanovskaya⁵, A.M. Cherniavskii², W.Yu. Ussov^1,2

Design and Clinical Evaluation of Pharmacologic Stress-Test with Dalargin
for SPECT Detection of Viable Myocardium in Patients after Myocardial Infarction

¹ Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, Tomsk, Russia

² E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia  

³ National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia

⁴ Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia

⁵ Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia

 Contact person: Wladimir Yurievich Ussov: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Purpose: To develop a functional stress-test with Dalargin used as a pharmacological stress agent and to study its diagnostic capabilities for quantifying the general and segmental systolic function of the left ventricle in patients with IHD using SPECT and echo methods.

Material and methods: The study comprised 29 male patients with CHD-angina of 2-3 functional classes, studied on 15–25 days (on average 20 ± 2.8 days) after a large-focal myocardial infarction. A fractional step-wise injection of Dalargin was performed with step doses as 0.1 mg / kg (1 ml up to a total of 8 ml, with intervals of 90 seconds, for a total of 12 minutes), in a supine position. After each dose of Dalargin, blood pressure, heart rate, ECG were recorded, and an echocardiographic assessment of hemodynamic parameters and local contractility was carried out. At the peak of the effect of dalargin, 99mTc-Tetrofosmin was administered intravenously (370 – 540 MBq), followed by chest SPECT.

Results: The optimal dose of dalargin for assessing the contractility of the LV was 0.3 mg/kg. From the data of myocardial perfusion SPECT, at dalargin test, the number of segments with normal regional blood supply increased statistically significantly from 56,0 % to 64,7 %, the number of hypoperfused segments decreased from 41.0% to 33.7% as compared to rest, and the number of non-perfused ones – from 3.0 % to 1.6 %. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between segmental contractility and local perfusion at the top dalargin inotropic effect was high and significant (R=0.67, p<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of the pharmacological test with intravenous administration of dalargin for prediction of postoperative improvement of perfusion and contractility of the viable myocardium were: sensitivity 78.8 %, specificity 76.4 %, diagnostic accuracy 77.6 %.

Conclusion. The use of the agonist of the μ - and δ-opioid receptors dalargin as a pharmacological stress-agent at perfusion SPECT and Stress Echocardiography to assess the contractile reserve of a dysfunctional viable myocardium is informative and appropriate. In patients with IHD who have suffered a myocardial infarction and are referred to  myocardial revascularization, dalargin can be employed as an effective stress-agent for assessing the reserve of perfusion and contractility of dysfunctional left ventricular myocardium using perfusion  SPECT and echocardiography.

Key words: SPECT, myocardial blood flow, functional reserve, dalargin, dalargin functional test, heart ultrasound

For citation: Bukhovets IL, Vasiltseva OYa, Lishmanov YuB, Vorozhtsova IN, Lavrov AG, Ivanovskaya EA, Cherniavskii AM, Ussov WYu. Design and Clinical Evaluation of Pharmacologic Stress-Test with Dalargin for SPECT Detection of Viable Myocardium in Patients after Myocardial Infarction. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(3):48-54.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-3-48-54

References

1. Maslov LN, Lishmanov YuB, Maryzhnaya NV. Opioidergic Component of Morpho-functional Changes in Myocardium in Stress and Adaptation. Tomsk, STT Publ., 2003. 237 p. (In Russian).
2. Ussov WYu, Efimova IYu, Plotnikov MP, Karpov RS. Patterns of Cerebral Blood Flow Reactivity in Adenosine Stress-test in Patients with Carotid Stenosis, Evaluated with MRI and 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT Brain study. Vestnik Rentgenologii i Radiologii = Russ. J. Radiol. 2000;6:4-9 (In Russian).
3. Aronov DM, Lupanov VP. Functional Tests in Cardiology. Moscow, Medpress-Inform, Publ., 2007 (In Russian).
4. Borisenko VG, Gubareva EA, Kade AH. Myocardial Reactions to Ischemia. Therapeutic Archive. 2010;82;3:64-67 (In Russian).
5. Bydanova SS, Kiryanova AN, Leshchinskii LA, Bydanov SA. Clinical Efficiency of Application of an Analogue of Endogenous Neuropeptides Dalargin in Complex Therapy of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Practical Medicine. 2004;1;6:22-23 (In Russian).
6. Griffin B, Topol E. Cardiology. Moscow, Praktika, Publ., 2008 (In Russian).
7. 7. Maslov LN, Naryzhnaya NV. Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling of Myocardial Protection Against Ischemic – Reperfusion Damage. Tomsk, University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics Publ., 2018. 352 p. (In Russian).
8. Ansheles AA, Sergienko IB, Denisenko-Kankiya EI, Sergienko VB. Myocardial Perfusion SPECT and Coronary Angiography Results in Patients with Different Pre-Test Probability of Ishemic Heart Disease. Therapeutic Archive. 2020;92;4:30-36 (In Russian). DOI:10.26442/00403660.2020.04.000549.
9. Migrino RQ, Xiaoguang Zhu, Pajewski N. Assessment of Segmental Myocardial Viability Using Regional 2-dimensional Strain Echocardiography. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2007;20;4:342-351. DOI:10.1016/j.echo. 2006.09.011.
10. Dontsov AV. Possibilities of Dalargin in Treatmen of Patients Ischemic Heart Disease. Digest of New Medical Technologies. 2012;19;3:159-161 (In Russian).
11. Lishmanov YuB, Makarova EV, Chernov VI, Vesnina JV, Babokin VE, Vorozhtsova IN, Bukhovets IL. I99Tl Reinjection Combined with SPECT Imaging in Myocardium Hibernation Diagnosis. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2005;50;1:62-67 (In Russian).
12. Saidova MA. Current Methods of Detection of Viable Myocardium. Kardiologia. 2005;9: 47-54 (In Russian).
13. Rosa S, Lauro C. The Clinical use of Stress Echocardiography in Ischemic Heart Disease. Cardiovascular Ultrasound. 2017;15:7. DOI 10.1186/s12947-017-0099-2.
14. Vorozhtsova IN, Bukhovets IL, Bezlyak VV, Babokin VE, Lishmanov YuB. Prognostication of Hemodynamic Efficacy of Surgical Correction of Chronic Coronary Insufficiency Based on Stress test with Nitroglycerine. Cardiologia. 2003;6:23-27 (In Russian).
15. Lishmanov YuB, Maslov LN. Ishemic Post-Conditioning of the Heart. Receptor Mechanisms and Possibilities of Clinical Applications. Cardiologia. 2010;6:68-74 (In Russian).
16. Rybakova MK, Alekhin MN, Mit’kov VV. Echocardiohgraphy: Practical Guidebook in Ultrasound Diagnosis. Moscow, Vidar-M Publ., 2008. 544 p. (In Russian).
17. Ross J. Myocardial Perfusion-Contraction Matching. Implications for Coronary Heart Disease and Hibernation. Circulation. 1991;83:1076-1083.

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Development of the concept and design of the study: Usov V.Yu., Bukhovets I.L., Vasiltseva O.Ya., Chernyavsky A.M., Lishmanov Yu.B.; Obtaining, analysis and scientific interpretation of data: Vasiltseva O.Ya., Bukhovets I.L., Lavrov A.G., Vorozhtsova I.N., Ivanovskaya E.A., Lishmanov Yu.B., Usov V.Yu.; Substantiation of the manuscript and verification critical intellectual content: Bukhovets I.L., Lavrov A.G., Vorozhtsova I.N., Chernyavsky A.M., Usov V.Yu.; Final approval of the manuscript for publication: Bukhovets I.L., Vasiltseva O.Ya., Lishmanov Yu.B., Chernyavsky A.M., Usov V.Yu.

Article received: 18.08.2020.

Accepted for publication: 19.01.2021

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 3. P. 35–39

A.D. Zikiryahodjaev^1,2, F.N. Usov¹, M.V. Ermoshchenkova^2,3, D.V. Bagdasarova¹,

E.V. Khmelevskiy¹, I.S. Duadze² , D.Sh. Dzhabrailova¹

Combination Therapy of Breast Cancer Patients after Skin-Sparing 
and Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Implant Based Reconstruction. 
Literature Review

¹ P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Center of FSBI NMRRC of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia

² I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia

³ City Clinical Oncology Hospital No. 1 of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: Daria Valerievna Bagdasarova: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Content

Introduction 

Sections:  1) Lack of consensus in existing clinical guidelines. 

                 2) In what cases to carry out radiation therapy after reconstructive plastic surgery using endoprosthesis? 

Conclusion

Key words:radiation diagnostics, temporomandibular joint, myofascial disorders

For citation: Zikiryahodjaev AD, Usov FN Ermoshchenkova MV, Bagdasarova DV,  Khmelevskiy EV, Duadze IS, Dzhabrailova DSh. Combination Therapy of Breast Cancer Patients after Skin-Sparing and Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Implant Based Reconstruction. Literature Review. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(3):35-39.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-3-35-39

References

1. Kaprin A.D., Starinskij V.V., Shahzadova A.O. Malignant tumors in Russia in 2019 (morbidity and mortality). 2020; 252 р. (in Russian).
2. Rabinowitz B. Psychological aspects of breast reconstruction. Oncoplastic Reconstr Breast Surg. 2013;423–9. 
3. Harcourt DM, Rumsey NJ, Ambler NR, Cawthorn SJ, Reid CD, Maddox PR, et al. The psychological effect of mastectomy with or without breast reconstruction: A prospective, multicenter study. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2003; 111; 1060-8. 
4. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Breast Cancer. 2020. 
5. Clinical guidelines of the Russian Society of Oncomammologists for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. "Gold standard for diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer 2020". 2020: 151  p. http://www.abvpress.ru/project/www.abvpress.ru/KR_ROOM_2020.pdf 
6. Clinical guidelines of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation "Breast cancer". 2020: 84 p. (In Russian)
7. Bernier J. Postoperative radiotherapy after nipple- or skin-sparing mastectomy : a review of recent institutional and pooled data. Eur.Cancer Med Sci. 2018;12: n. pag.
8. Torresan RZ, Santos CC Dos, Okamura H, Alvarenga M. Evaluation of residual glandular tissue after skin-sparing mastectomies. Ann Surg Oncol. 2005;12(12):1037–44. 
9. Gomez C, Shah C, McCloskey S, Foster N, Vicini F. The Role of Radiation Therapy after Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21; 2237–44. 
10. Laronga C, Kemp B, Johnston D, Robb GL, Singletary SE. The incidence of occult nipple-areola complex involvement in breast cancer patients receiving a skin-sparing mastectomy. Ann Surg Oncol. 1999;6(6):609–13. 
11. Meretoja TJ, Rasia S, Von Smitten KAJ, Asko-Seljavaara SL, Kuokkanen HOM, Jahkola TA. Late results of skin-sparing mastectomy followed by immediate breast reconstruction. Br J Surg. 2007;94(10):1220–5. 
12. Medina-franco H, Vasconez LO, Fix RJ, Heslin MJ, Beenken SW. Factors Associated With Local Recurrence After Skin-Sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Breast Reconstruction for Invasive Breast Cancer. Ann Surg. 2002 Jun;235(6):814-9.. 
13. Carlson GW, Styblo TM, Lyles RH, Bostwick J, Murray DR, Staley CA, et al. Local Recurrence After Skin-Sparing Mastectomy : Tumor Biology or Surgical Conservatism ? Annals of Surgical Oncology. 2008; 10: 108-12. 
14. Toth Bryant A. LP. Modified Skin Incisions for Mastectomy. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1991 Jun;87(6):1048-53
15. Uriburu JL, Vuoto HD, Cogorno L, Isetta JA, Candas G, Imach GC, et al. Local recurrence of breast cancer after skin-sparing mastectomy following core needle biopsy: Case reports and review of the literature. Breast J. 2006;12(3):194–8. 
16. Janssen S, Sapra EH, Rades D, Moser A, Studer G. Nipple-sparing mastectomy in breast cancer patients : The role of adjuvant radiotherapy ( Review ). Oncology letters 9 6 2015;9(6): 2435-2441. 
17. Boneti C, Yuen J, Santiago C, Diaz Z, Robertson Y, Korourian S, et al. Oncologic safety of nipple skin-sparing or total skin-sparing mastectomies with immediate reconstruction. J Am Coll Surg. 2011;212(4):686–93. 
18. Moyer HR, Ghazi B, Daniel JR, Gasgarth R, Carlson GW. Nipple-sparing mastectomy: Technical aspects and aesthetic outcomes. Ann Plast Surg. 2012;68(5):446–50. 
19. Rulli A, Caracappa D, Barberini F, Boselli C, Cirocchi R, Castellani E, et al. Oncologic reliability of nipple-sparing mastectomy for selected patients with breast cancer. In Vivo (Brooklyn). 2013;27(3):387–94. 
20. Any C-T-. Eff ect of radiotherapy after mastectomy and axillary surgery on 10-year recurrence and 20-year breast cancer mortality : meta-analysis of individual patient data for 8135 women in 22 randomised trials. Lancet. 2014;6736(14):1–11. 
21. Huo D, Hou N, Jaskowiak N, Winchester DJ. Use of Postmastectomy Radiotherapy and Survival Rates for Breast Cancer Patients with T1 – T2 and One to Three Positive Lymph Nodes. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015 Dec;22(13):4295-304. 
22. Benediktsson KP, Perbeck L. Survival in breast cancer after nipple-sparing subcutaneous mastectomy and immediate reconstruction with implants : A prospective trial with 13 years median follow-up in 216 patients. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008 Feb;34(2):143-8 
23. Marta GN, Poortmans P, Barros AC De, Filassi JR, Junior RF, Audisio RA, et al. Multidisciplinary international survey of post-operative radiation therapy practices after nipple-sparing or skin-sparing mastectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2017; 
24. Agarwal S, Agarwal J. Radiation Delivery in Patients Undergoing Therapeutic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2015 Jan;22(1):46-51. 
25. Rowell NP. Radiotherapy to the chest wall following mastectomy for node-negative breast cancer : A systematic review. Radiother Oncol. 2009;91(1):23–32.
26. Supremo MRC. This is a repository copy of Quality of life after postmastectomy radiotherapy in patients with intermediate-risk breast cancer ( SUPREMO ): 2-year follow-up results of a randomised controlled trial . White Rose Research Online URL for this paper : Versio. 2018.

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 23.12.2020. 

Accepted for publication: 20.01.2021.