Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 6. P. 75–80

The Comparison of the Results of Ultrasound, CT and MRI in the Diagnosis
of Angiomyolipoma Kidneys, Including Complicated by Development
of the Syndrome Wunderlich

N.S. Vorotyntseva¹, M.V. Gaidukova²

¹Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia. 

²Clinic Expert Tver, Tver, Russia

Contact person: Natalia Sergeevna Vorotyntseva, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract 

Purpose: Analysis the effectiveness of various methods of radiation studies for the detection of renal angiomyolipomas (RAMLs), including the diagnosis of Wunderlich syndrome.

Material and methods: The analysis of the results of a comprehensive radiation study of the kidneys of 115 patients who were diagnosed with focal formation in primary renal ultrasound was carried out. Further, of those 115 people, 47 patients underwent MRI of the kidneys, 60 patients – CT and 8 patients complex MRI+CT, including contrast-enhanced vasculature.

Results and discussion: Angiomyolipoma was detected by ultrasound in 38 (33.0 %) of 115 patients, and according to MRI and CT in total in 27 (23.5 %) patients. Coincidence of ultrasound findings and MRI and CT results was in 18 patients. Consequently, the sensitivity of ultrasound in the diagnosis of RAML was compared with MRI – 45 %; when compared with CT – 42.8 %, and specificity – 55 % and 57.1 %, respectively. Reliable signs of RAML in ultrasound were hyperechogenic homogeneous structure, clear smooth contours of the formation. The rounded form of education is statistically unreliable. Statistically significant characteristics of RAML in magnetic resonance imaging are heterogeneous structure, heterogeneous hyperintense MR-signal on T1 and heterogeneously hypointensity on T2-weighted images, always uniformly hypo-Fs for T1 / T2 Fs, with hypo clear boundary between education and renal parenchyma on T1 in the opp phase. Reliable signs of RAML with CT are non-uniform structure of education, with non-uniform x-ray density. 

Conclusion: Ultrasound diagnosis is necessary for screening kidney disease, while CT and MRI have greater sensitivity and specificity to determine the nature of focal formation. With the development of Wunderlich’s syndrome, a complex of radiological methods, including ultrasound, MRI and CT, allows to diagnose the cause of hemorrhage, as well as to obtain complete diagnostic information necessary for the surgeon to plan treatment.

Keywords: benign tumors, CT, kidney, MRI, renal neoplasms, sonography, angiomyolipoma. Wunderlich’s syndrome

For citation: Vorotyntseva NS, Gaidukov MV. The Comparison of the Results of Ultrasound, CT and MRI in the Diagnosis of Angiomyolipoma Kidneys, Including Complicated by Development of the Syndrome Wunderlich. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(6):75–80.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-6-75-80

References

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 07.06.2021. 

Accepted for publication: 20.09.2021.

 

 

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 6. P. 93–98

Determination of Monitor Doses in Neutron  Therapy  Using the U-120 Cyclotron

V. А. Lisin

Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia

Contact person: Valery Andreevich Lisin, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract 

Purpose Analyze the various methods for determining the monitor doses in neutron therapy using the U-120 cyclotron and to choose the monitoring method that provides the highest accuracy in dose delivery to the tumor.

Material and methods  The distributions of the absorbed dose of the therapeutic beam from the U-120 cyclotron were measured in a tissue-equivalent medium using the differential method, in which two ionization chambers with different sensitivity to neutron radiation were used. A comparison of radiation effects on tissues using various techniques of determining the monitor doses was made. The linear-quadratic model was used to assess responses to ionizing radiation. 

Results  Dosimetry studies revealed that the therapeutic beam of the U-120 cyclotron contains concomitant gamma radiation, the contribution of which to the total neutron-photon dose increases with increasing depth of the irradiated medium. The presence of gamma radiation in the neutron beam dictate the need to find the correct method for monitoring neutron therapy. A comparison of radiation effects on the tumor tissue using different techniques of determining the monitor doses was made.  It was found that at equal neutron-photon doses, the neutron dose in the tumor changed depending on its depth. It can lead to an incorrect conclusion about the effectiveness of neutron therapy depending on a single dose as well as in relation to various dose fractionation schedules. 

 Conclusion  The analysis of the results obtained showed that the problem can be most accurately solved using a technique in which the monitor coefficient and monitor doses are determined from the distribution of the neutron dose, taking into account the contribution of the gamma radiation dose to the total neutron-photon dose. 

Key words: neutron therapy, monitor doses, linear quadratic model

For citation: Lisin VА. Determination of Monitor Doses in Neutron  Therapy  Using the U-120 Cyclotron. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(6):93–98.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-6-93-98

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14. Lisin V.A. On the choice of the ratio of doses of neutrons and photons in neutron-photon therapy of malignant neoplasms. // Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety, 2019. V. 64, No. 6. p. 57–63. 

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The author declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. The article was prepared by one author.

Article received: 07.06.2019. 

Accepted for publication: 20.09.2021.

 

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 6. P. 81–92

Possibilities of Local Microwave Hyperthermia in Oncology

O.K. Kurpeshev

Siberian Scientific Research Institute of Hyperthermia, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Contact person: Orazakhmet Kerimbaevich Kurpeshev, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

CONTENTS

The review analyzes the features of the interaction of electromagnetic (EM) energy with various tissues and the temperature distribution in model, experimental and clinical studies from emitters for external and intracavitary microwave hyperthermia (MWHT). The effect of MWHT on the antitumor efficacy of radiation (RT) and / or chemotherapy (CT), as well as toxic effects on normal tissues, was studied. Based on the literature data and our own experience, some approaches to the treatment of cancer patients have been identified. The general principles of the method, the design features of the applicators and their role in creating a hyperthermic regime in tumors of superficial and subsurface localization are also considered. The development of methods for thermometric control and supply of the EM field, allowing relatively uniform heating of tumors, as well as the determination of the minimum effective thermal doses, remains a priority area of research both in MW and other hyperthermia methods.

Based on the literature data and our own experience, some approaches to the treatment of cancer patients have been identified.

Keywords: hyperthermia, microwave radiation, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, thermoradiotherapy,  thermochemoradiation therapy

For citation: Kurpeshev OK. Possibilities of Local Microwave Hyperthermia in Oncology. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(6):81–92.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-6-81-92

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The author declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. The article was prepared by one author.

Article received: 18.09.2021. 

Accepted for publication: 22.10.2021.

 

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021. Vol. 66. № 6. P. 99–101

Conducting Studies of the Am-241 Radionuclide Incorporated
into the Human Body Using a Wound Detector

V.N. Yatsenko, G.M. Avetisov, D.I. Vzorov, S.L. Burtsev, O.V. Yatsenko, E.S. Leonov

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia.

Contact person: Vladimir Naumovich Yatsenko, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Purpose: to develop a method for experimental study of the distribution of radionuclide 241Am in human organs and tissues during wound admission to clarify the process of formation of doses of alpha radiation.

Material and methods: in clinical practice of Burnazyan FMBC of the FMBA of Russia  To improve the method of determination, an experiment was performed to determine the depth of radionuclide on pigskin with the location of 241Am point sources behind different thicknesses. 

Results: the used methods of measurement, tested on pigskin, allowed to obtain the dependence of the localization depth of radionuclide 241Am on the measured on the surface of the tissue ratios of photons with different energies.

Conclusion: Set the ratio of photons with different energies on the thickness of the barrier (depth), and proven methodology allow you to go directly to the planning of experimental studies on the barrier effect created in the bone material, and including a radionuclide, the formation of doses of alpha radiation on the bone marrow.

Key words: Wound entry, deepening of the radionuclide in biological tissue, absorbed dose of alpha radiation, distribution of americium in organs and tissues, wound gamma spectrometer

For citation: Yatsenko VN, Avetisov GM, Vzorov DI, Burtsev SL, Yatsenko OV, Leonov ES. Conducting Studies of the Am-241 Radionuclide Incorporated into the Human Body Using a Wound Detector. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66(6):99–101.

DOI: 10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-6-99-101

References

1. Moskalev Yu.I. Radiobiology of Incorporated Radionuclides. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1989. 264 p.

2. Development of a Biokinetic Model for Radionuclide-Contaminated Wounds and Procedures for Their Assessment, Dosimetry and Treatment. NCRP, 2006. REPORT No. 156.

3. Kalistratova V.S., Belyaev I.K., Zhorova E. S., Parfenova I.M., Tishchenko G.S. Radiobiology of incorporated radionuclides. Ed. Kalistratova V.S. Moscow, Burnazyan FMBC FMBA Publ., 2016. 556 p.

4 . Kalistratova V.S., Belyaev I.K., Zhorova E. S., Nisimov P.G., Parfenova I.M., Tishchenko G.S., Tsapkov M.M. Radiobiology of incorporated radionuclides. Ed. Kalistratova V.S. Moscow, Burnazyan FMBC FMBA Publ., 2012. 464 p.

5. Ed. Ilyin L.A. Plutonium. Radiation safety. Moscow, IzdAt Publ., 2005. 416 p. chapter 3.

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 16.09.2021. 

Accepted for publication: 22.10.2021.