JOURNAL DESCRIPTION
The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.
Members of the editorial board are scientists specializing in the field of radiation biology and medicine, radiation protection, radiation epidemiology, radiation oncology, radiation diagnostics and therapy, nuclear medicine and medical physics. The editorial board consists of academicians (members of the Russian Academy of Science (RAS)), the full member of Academy of Medical Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, corresponding members of the RAS, Doctors of Medicine, professor, candidates and doctors of biological, physical mathematics and engineering sciences. The editorial board is constantly replenished by experts who work in the CIS and foreign countries.
Six issues of the journal are published per year, the volume is 13.5 conventional printed sheets, 88 printer’s sheets, 1.000 copies. The journal has an identical full-text electronic version, which, simultaneously with the printed version and color drawings, is posted on the sites of the Scientific Electronic Library (SEL) and the journal's website. The journal is distributed through the Rospechat Agency under the contract № 7407 of June 16, 2006, through individual buyers and commercial structures. The publication of articles is free.
The journal is included in the List of Russian Reviewed Scientific Journals of the Higher Attestation Commission. Since 2008 the journal has been available on the Internet and indexed in the RISC database which is placed on Web of Science. Since February 2nd, 2018, the journal "Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety" has been indexed in the SCOPUS abstract and citation database.
Brief electronic versions of the Journal have been publicly available since 2005 on the website of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal: http://www.medradiol.ru. Since 2011, all issues of the journal as a whole are publicly available, and since 2016 - full-text versions of scientific articles. Since 2005, subscribers can purchase full versions of other articles of any issue only through the National Electronic Library. The editor of the Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety Journal in accordance with the National Electronic Library agreement has been providing the Library with all its production since 2005 until now.
The main working language of the journal is Russian, an additional language is English, which is used to write titles of articles, information about authors, annotations, key words, a list of literature.
Since 2017 the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety has switched to digital identification of publications, assigning to each article the identifier of the digital object (DOI), which greatly accelerated the search for the location of the article on the Internet. In future it is planned to publish the English-language version of the journal Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety for its development. In order to obtain information about the publication activity of the journal in March 2015, a counter of readers' references to the materials posted on the site from 2005 to the present which is placed on the journal's website. During 2015 - 2016 years on average there were no more than 100-170 handlings per day. Publication of a number of articles, as well as electronic versions of profile monographs and collections in the public domain, dramatically increased the number of handlings to the journal's website to 500 - 800 per day, and the total number of visits to the site at the end of 2017 was more than 230.000.
The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.
Issues journals
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-34-47
A.N. Koterov, L.N. Ushenkova, I.G. Dibirgadzhiev, T.M. Bulanova, M.V. Kalinina
The Essence of Radiogenic Damages in the Lens: Threshold,
Tissue Reactions (Deterministic Effects), but not Stochastic,
Non-Threshold Effects
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: Alexey N. Koterov, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
The purpose is to analyze the arguments ‘for’ and ‘against’ the assumption that radiogenic disturbances in the lens, previously considered as tissue reactions with a threshold (deterministic effects), may be stochastic events characterized by the absence of a threshold. The importance of the nature of radiation cataractogenesis for radiation safety is associated with the conceptual difference in approaches to developing Radiation Safety Standards. For threshold effects, Radiation Safety Standards with dose limits not exceeding the threshold is sufficient for 100 % protection, while for stochastic events, protection is based on the concept of ‘socially admissible risk’, since the probability of an effect exists at any radiation dose.
An analysis of four arguments in favor of the non-threshold and stochastic nature of radiogenic disturbances in the lens demonstrated that some considerations may not be relevant to the problem (such as the lack of a dose rate effect, which may be explained by the lack of DNA repair and cellular renewal in the lens). An attempt to justify the absence of a threshold of less than one by the value of the upper confidence interval for the risks in the cohort of victims of the atomic bombings is untenable based on the canons of statistics and epidemiology. Data on the effects of low-dose low-LET radiation (up to 0.1 Gy) on lens abnormalities are lacking for most study populations, and for those that have been reported (medical radiologists, industrial radiographers, and patients undergoing computed tomography), the results are inconsistent, non-system, and can be explained, among other things, by non-radiation factors. The last argument ‒ the molecular cellular prerequisites for the stochastic hypothesis (the presence of only a hypothetical biological mechanism) does not have direct evidentiary force in the field of epidemiology.
At the same time, there are strong arguments for the deterministic nature of radiogenic disorders in the lens. The main effect is the influence of the radiation dose on the severity of the pathology, which is typical only for tissue reactions. Experimental, epidemiological and environmental examples of dose dependencies for radiogenic disorders in the lens are presented, which cover almost all irradiated groups and conditions: effects on animals and people; radiation of different quality ‒ both low and high LET; for professional contingents, patients and residents of radioactively contaminated areas. Another argument is the long-term identification of threshold doses, both in laboratory and in epidemiological studies (from 2011–2012 to the present, the threshold is a dose of 0.5 Gy according to the ICRP and UNSCEAR). Based on these ICRP regulations, acceptable standards for lens irradiation were formed for professionals and the public.
The presented analytical study summarizes the discussion about the nature of radiogenic disorders in the lens: according to the totality of various correct data, these are threshold, tissue reactions (deterministic effects).
Keywords: lens, radiogenic disturbances, radiation cataracts, tissue reactions, threshold effect, stochastic effects
For citation: Koterov AN, Ushenkova LN, Dibirgadzhiev IG, Bulanova TM, Kalinina MV. The Essence of Radiogenic Damages in the Lens: Threshold, Tissue Reactions (Deterministic Effects), but not Stochastic, Non-Threshold Effects. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):34–47. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-34-47
References
1. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N. Cataractogenic Effects of Low-Dose Radiation with low LET: More not than There. Report 1. Statement of the Problem and Experiments on Animals. Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya = Radiation Biology. Radioecology. 2023;63;4:341–365. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869803123040045.
2. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N. Cataractogenic Effects of Low-Dose Radiation with Low LET: More not than There. Report 2. Epidemiological Studies. Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya = Radiation Biology. Radioecology. 2023;63;4:355–386. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/0.31857/S0869803123040057.
3. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N., Dibirgadzhiyev I.G., Waynson A.A., Kalinina M.V., Biryukov A.P. Excess Relative Risk of Cataractogenic Lense Disorders in Nuclear Workers: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety2023;68;3:21–32. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33266/1024-6177-2023-68-3-21-32.
4. Zdravoohraneniye v Rossii. 2021: Statisticheskiy Sbornik, Rosstat – Healthcare in Russia. 2021: Statistical Collection, Rosstat. Moscow Publ., 2021. 171 p. (In Russ.).
5. Ong H.S., Evans J.R., Allan B.D.S. Accommodative Intraocular Lens Versus Standard Monofocal Intraocular Lens Implantation in Cataract Surgery. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2014;5;Article CD009667:46 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009667.pub2.
6. Koterov A.N. From Very Low to Very Large Doses of Radiation: New Data on Ranges Definitions and Its Experimental and Epidemiological Basing. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2013;58;2:5–21 (In Russ.).
7. ICRP Publication 118. ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions and Early and Late Effects of Radiation in Normal Tissues and Organs – threshold doses for tissue reactions in a radiation protection context. Annals of the ICRP. Ed. Clement C.H. Amsterdam – New York, Elsevier, 2012. 325 p.
8. Ainsbury E.A., Barnard S., Bright S., Dalke C., Jarrin M., Kunze S., et al. Ionizing Radiation Induced Cataracts: Recent Biological and Mechanistic Developments and Perspectives for Future Research. Mutat. Res. Rev. Mutat. Res. 2016;770;Pt. B:238–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.07.010.
9. Ainsbury E.A., Dalke C., Hamada N., Benadjaoud M.A., Chumak V., Ginjaume M., et al. Radiation-Induced Lens Opacities: Epidemiological, Clinical and Experimental Evidence, Methodological Issues, Research Gaps and Strategy. Environ. Int. 2021;146;106213:14. https://doi.org/110.1016/j.envint.2020.106213.
10. Hamada N., Fujimichi Y. Classification of Radiation Effects for Dose Limitation Purposes: History, Current Situation and Future Prospects. J. Radiat. Res. 2014;55;4:629–640. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rru019.
11. Hamada N., Fujimichi Y., Iwasaki T., Fujii N., Furuhashi M., Kubo E., et al. Emerging Issues in Radiogenic Cataracts and Cardiovascular Disease. J. Radiat. Res. 2014;55;5:831–846. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rru036.
12. Ainsbury L. Cataract Following Low Dose Ionising Radiation Exposures: Mechanistic Understanding and Current Research. CNSC/CRPA Webinar: ‘Lens of the eye’. 21st March 2018. 19 slides. URL: https://crpa-acrp.ca/home/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/lens-of-the-eye-presentation-ainsbury.pdf. (address data 2024/02/23).
13. ICRP Publication 103. The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. Annals of the ICRP. Ed. Valentin J. Amsterdam – New York, Elsevier, 2007. 329 p.
14. Koterov A.N., Waynson A.A. Radiation Hormesis and Epidemiology: ‘Never the Twain Shall Meet’. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2021;66;2:36–52. https://doi.org/10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-2-36-52.
15. Boice J.D. Jr. The Linear Nonthreshold (LNT) Model as Used in Radiation Protection: an NCRP Update. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2017;93;10:1079–1092. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2017.1328750.
16. Hamada N. Ionizing Radiation Sensitivity of the Ocular Lens and Its Dose Rate Dependence. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2017;93;10:1024–1034. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2016.1266407.
17. Rubin P., Casarett G. A Direction for Clinical Radiation Pathology. The Tolerance Dose. Radiation Effects and Tolerance, Normal Tissue. Ed. Vaeth J.M. 6th Annual San Francisco Cancer Symposium, San Francisco, Calif., October 1970: Proceedings. Front Radiat Ther Oncol. Basel, Karger, 1972;6:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1159/000392794.
18. Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Panfilov A.P., Agapov A.M., Kaidalov O.V., Korelo A.M., et al. Estimation of Individualized Radiation Risk from Chronic Occupational Exposure in Russia. Health Phys. 2009;97;2:107–14. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.HP.0000346702.02932.7d.
19. Ainsbury E.A., Bouffler S.D., Dorr W., et al. Radiation Cataractogenesis: a Review of Recent Studies. Radiat. Res. 2009;172;1:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR1688.1.
20. Jacob S., Michael M., Brezlin A., Laurier D., Bernier M.-O. Ionizing Radiation as a Risk Factor for Cataract: what About Low-Dose Effects? Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2011;Suppl. 1;Article 005:7. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9570.S1-005.
21. Della Vecchia E., Modenese A., Loney T., Muscatello M., Paulo M.S., Rossi G., Gobba F. Risk of Cataract in Health Care Workers Exposed to Ionizing Radiation: a Systematic Review. Med. Lav. 2020;111;4:269–284. https://doi.org/10.23749/mdl.v111i4.9045.
22. Kleiman N.J. Radiation Cataract. Ann. ICRP. 2012;41;3–4:80–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icrp.2012.06.018.
23. Poon R., Badawy M.K. Radiation Dose and Risk to the Lens of the Eye During CT Examinations of the Brain. J. Med. Imaging Radiat. Oncol. 2019;63;6:786–794. https://doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.12950.
24. Picano E., Vano E., Domenici L., Bottai M., Thierry-Chef I. Cancer and Non-Cancer Brain and Eye Effects of Chronic Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation Exposure. BMC Cancer. 2012;12;157:13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-12-157.
25. Seals K.F., Lee E.W., Cagnon C.H., Al-Hakim R.A., Kee S.T. Radiation-Induced Cataractogenesis: a Critical Literature Review for the Interventional Radiologist. Cardiovasc. Intervent. Radiol. 2016;39;2:151–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-015-1207-z.
26. Barnard S.G.R., Hamada N. Individual Response of the Ocular Lens to Ionizing Radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2023;99;2:138–154. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2022.2074166.
27. Ainsbury E.A., Barnard S.G.R. Sensitivity and Latency of Ionising Radiation-Induced Cataract. Exp. Eye Res. 2021;212:108772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2021.108772.
28. Nakashima E., Neriishi K., Minamoto A. A Reanalysis of Atomic-Bomb Cataract Data, 2000–2002: a Threshold Analysis. Health Phys. 2006;90;2:154–160. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hp.0000175442.03596.63.
29. Neriishi K., Nakashima E., Minamoto A., Fujiwara S., Akahoshi M., Mishima H.K., et al. Postoperative Cataract Cases among Atomic Bomb Survivors: Radiation Dose Response and Threshold. Radiat Res. 2007;168;4:404–408. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR0928.1.
30. National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Radiation Effects Research, Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation. Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR VII. Phase 2. National Academies Press, 2006. 422 p.
31. UNSCEAR 2019. Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes. Annex A. Evaluation of Selected Health Effects and Inference of Risk Due to Radiation Exposure. New York, 2020. P. 21–192.
32. Merriam G.R., Focht E. A Clinical Study of Radiation Cataracts and the Relationship to Dose. Am. J. Roentgenol. Radium Ther. Nucl. Med. 1957;77;5:759–785.
33. Lipman R.M., Tripathi B.J., Tripathi R.C. Cataracts Induced by Microwave and Ionizing Radiation. Surv. Ophthalmol. 1988;33;3:200–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6257(88)90088-4.
34. Averbeck D., Salomaa S., Bouffler S., Ottolenghi A., Smyth V., Sabatier L. Progress in Low Dose Health Risk Research: Novel Effects and New Concepts in Low Dose Radiobiology. Mutat Res. 2018;776:46–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2018.04.001.
35. Bouffler S., Ainsbury E., Gilvin P., Harrison J. Radiation-Induced Cataracts: the Health Protection Agency’s Response to the ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions and Recommendation on the Dose Limit for the Eye Lens. J. Radiol. Prot. 2012;32;4:479–488. https://doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/32/4/479.
36. Koterov A.N. Causal Criteria in Medical and Biological Disciplines: History, Essence and Radiation Aspect. Report 3, Part 2: Last Four Hill’s Criteria: Use and Limitations. Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya = Radiation Biology. Radioecology. 2021;61 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869803121060060.
37. Koterov A.N. Causal Criteria in Medical and Biological Disciplines: History, Essence, and Radiation Aspect. Report 3, Part 2: Hill’s Last Four Criteria. Biology Bulletin (Moscow). 2022;49;11:155–193. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359022110115.
38. Azizova T.V., Hamada N., Bragin E.V., Bannikova M.V., Grigoryeva E.S. Risk of Cataract Removal Surgery in Mayak PA Workers Occupationally Exposed to Ionizing Radiation over Prolonged Periods. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 2019;58;2:139–149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-019-00787-0.
39. Azizova T.V., Hamada N., Grigoryeva E.S., Bragin E.V. Risk of Various Types of Cataracts in a Cohort of Mayak Workers Following Chronic Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 2018;33;12:1193–1204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-018-0450-4.
40. Azizova T.V., Hamada N., Grigoryeva E.S., Bragin E.V. Risk of Various Types of Cataracts in a Cohort of Mayak Workers Following Chronic Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety2020;65;4:48–57 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-4-48-57.
41. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Ed. Higgins J.P.T., James T., Chandler J., Cumpston M., Li T., Page M.J., Welch V.A. 2019. 694 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119536604.
42. Worgul B.V., Kundiyev Y.I., Sergiyenko N.M. Chumak et al. Cataracts among Chernobyl Clean-Up Workers: Implications Regarding Permissible Eye Exposure. Radiat. Res. 2007;167;2:233–243. https://doi.org/10.1667/rr0298.1.
43. Koterov A.N., Biryukov A.P. The Offspring of Liquidators of Chernobyl Atomic Power Station Accident. 1. The Estimation of the Basic Opportunity to Register of Radiation Effects. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety2012;57;1:58–79.
44. Day R., Gorin M.B., Eller A.W. Prevalence of Lens Changes in Ukrainian Children Residing Around Chernobyl. Health Phys. 1995;68;5:632–642. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199505000-00002.
45. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N., Kalinina M.V., Biryukov A.P. Ecological (Correlation) Studies in the Disciplines of Radiation and Nonradiation Profile: ‘Phoenix Bird’. Materials of International Research and Practice Conference ‘Radioecological Consequences of Radiation Accidents: to the 35th anniversary of the Chernobyl Accident’. Obninsk, 2021. P. 185–190 (In Russ.).
46. Shore R.E., Neriishi K., Nakashima E. Epidemiological Studies of Cataract Risk at Low to Moderate Radiation Doses: (Not) Seeing Is Believing. Radiat. Res. 2010;174;6:889–894. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR1884.1.
47. Hammer G.P., Scheidemann-Wesp U., Samkange-Zeeb F., Wicke H., Neriishi K., Blettner M. Occupational Exposure to Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation and Cataract Development: a Systematic Literature Review and Perspectives on Future Studies. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 2013;52;3:303–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-013-0477-6.
48. Lian Y., Xiao J., Ji X., Guan S., Ge H., Li F., et al. Protracted Low-Dose Radiation Exposure and Cataract in a Cohort of Chinese Industry Radiographers. Occup. Environ. Med. 2015;72;9:640–647. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2014-102772.
49. Di Paola M., Bianchi M., Baarli J. Lens Opacification in Mice Exposed to 14-MeV Neutrons. Radiat. Res. 1978;73;2:340–350. https://doi.org/10.2307/3574825.
50. UNSCEAR 2012. Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes. Annex A. Attributing Health Effects to Ionizing Radiation Exposure and Inferring Risks. New York. 2015. 86 p.
51. Koterov A.N. Causal Criteria in Medical and Biological Disciplines: History, Essence and Radiation Aspect. Report 3, Part 1: First Five Hill’s Criteria: Use and Limitations. Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya = Radiation Biology. Radioecology. 2021;61;3:300–332 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869803121030085.
52. Rothman K.J., Greenland S. Causation and Causal Inference in Epidemiology. Am. J. Public Health. 2005;95;Suppl 1:S144–S150. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2004.059204.
53. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N., Biryukov A.P. Hill’s Criteria ‘Biological Plausibility’. The Data Integration from Different Disciplines in Epidemiology and Radiation Epidemiology. Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya = Radiation Biology. Radioecology. 2020;60;5:453–480. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869803120050069.
54. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N., Biryukov A.P. Hill’s ‘Biological Plausibility’ Criterion: Integration of Data from Various Disciplines for Epidemiology and Radiation Epidemiology. Biology Bulletin (Moscow). 2021;48;11:1991–2014. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359021110054.
55. Davey Smith G. Data Dredging, Bias, or Confounding. They Can all Get You Into the BMJ and the Friday Papers. Brit. Med. J. 2002;325;7378:1437–1438. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.325.7378.1437.
56. NCRP Report No. 168. Radiation Dose Management for Fluoroscopically-Guided Interventional Medical Procedures, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Bethesda, Maryland, 2011.
57. Dauer L., Blakely E., Brooks A., Hoel D. Epidemiology and Mechanistic Effects of Radiation on the Lens of the Eye: Review and Scientific Appraisal of the Literature. Electric Power Research Institute. Technical Report. 3002003162. Final Report. Newburgh, NY, 2014. 142 p.
58. UNSCEAR 2017. Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes. Annex A. Principles and Criteria for Ensuring the Quality of the Committee’s Reviews of Epidemiological Studies of Radiation Exposure. United Nations. New York. 2018. P. 17–64.
59. Hamada N., Sato T. Cataractogenesis Following High-LET Radiation Exposure. Mutat. Res. Rev. Mutat. Res. 2016;770;Pt. B:262–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.08.005.
60. Lett J.T., Lee A.C., Cox A.B. Late Cataractogenesis in Rhesus Monkeys Irradiated with Protons and Radiogenic Cataract in Other Species. Radiat. Res. 1991;126;2:147–156. https://doi.org/10.2307/3577813.
61. Wilde G., Sjostrand J. A Clinical Study of Radiation Cataract Formation in Adult Life Following Gamma Irradiation of the Lens in Early Childhood. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 1997;81;4:261–266. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.81.4.261.
62. Arefpour A.M., Bahrami M., Haghparast A., Khoshgard K., Tabar H. A., Farshchian N. Evaluating Dose-Response of Cataract Induction in Radiotherapy of Head and Neck Cancers Patients. J. Biomed. Phys. Eng. 2021;11;1:9–16. https://doi.org/10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.834.
63. Ciraj-Bjelac O., Rehani M.M., Sim K.H., Liew H.B., Vano E., Kleiman N.J. Risk for Radiation-Induced Cataract for Staff in Interventional Cardiology: Is there Reason for Concern? Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv. 2010;76;6:826–834. https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.22670.
64. Lehmann P., Boratynski Z., Mappes T., Mousseau T.A., Moller A.P. Fitness Costs of Increased Cataract Frequency and Cumulative Radiation Dose in Natural Mammalian Populations from Chernobyl. Sci Rep. 2016;6;19974:7.
65. Mikryukova L.D., Akleyev A.V. Cataract in the Chronically Exposed Residents of the Techa Riverside Villages. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 2017;56;4:329–335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00411-017-0702-9.
66. Merriam G.R., Worgul B.V. Experimental Radiation Cataract – its Clinical Relevance. Bull. N.Y. Acad. Med. 1983;59;4:372–392.
67. Ferrufino-Ponce Z.K., Henderson B.An. Radiotherapy and Cataract Formation. Semin. Ophthalmol. 2006;21;3:171–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/08820530500351728.
68. Pederson S.L., Margaret C., Puma L., Hayes J.M., Okuda K., Reilly C.M., et al. Effects of Chronic Low-Dose Radiation on Cataract Prevalence and Characterization in Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa) from Fukushima, Japan. Sci. Rep. 2020;10;1;4055:14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59734-5.
69. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N. Causal Criteria in Medical and Biological Disciplines: History, Essence and Radiation Aspect. Report 4, Part 2: Hierarchy of Criteria, Their Criticism and Other Methods for Causation Establishing. Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya = Radiation Biology. Radioecology. 2022;62;4:339–398. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/0.31857/S0869803122040051.
70. Christenberry K.W., Furth J. Induction of Cataracts in Mice by Slow Neutrons and X-Rays. Proc. Soc. Exper. BioI. & Med. 1951;77;3:559–560. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-77-18849.
71. Koterov A.N., Ushenkova L.N., Zubenkova E.S., Waynson A.A., Biryukov A.P. The Relationship between the Age of the Based Laboratory Animals (Mice, Rats, Hamsters and Dogs) and the Age of Human: Actuality for the Age-Related Radiosensitivity Problem and the Analysis of Published Data. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety2018;63;1:5–27. https://doi.org/10.12737/article_5a82e4a3908213.56647014.
PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-48-54
F.S. Torubarov, M.V. Kuleshova, N.A. Metlyaeva, S.N. Lukyanova
Studying the State of the Autonomic Nervous System and Hemodynamics in the Liquidators of the Accident
at the Chernobyl NPP
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: N.A. Metlyaeva, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Comparative analysis of changes in the state of the autonomic nervous system and hemodynamics in liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident and individuals in the comparison group exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation.
Material and methods: The study was carried out for 141 liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident and 84 male comparison group people aged from 30 to 50 years (41.24 ± 0.41) and (40.95 ± 0.54), respectively. Only liquidators could be exposed to ionizing effects. All of them, the dose of ionizing radiation did not exceed 0.5 Gy. All individuals underwent a clinical, neurological and electrophysiological examination in A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center. The main attention was paid to studying the state of the autonomic nervous system and hemodynamics in participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident.
Results: Clinical examination made it possible to diagnose neurological disorders in both groups in the form of: vegetative-vascular dystonia, neurocirculatory dystonia, dyscirculatory encephalopathy of various etiologies ‒ with a statistically significant predominance of their quantity and quality among liquidators. The changes observed in liquidators are functional and nonspecific.
Conclusions: In the group of liquidators, a significant increase in the number and severity of the considered neurological disorders was revealed. Comparison of the examined groups according to the state of central hemodynamics showed the absence of a statistically significant connection between the state of cerebral blood flow and low-dose irradiation. At the same time, a connection was established between the state of cerebral hemodynamics and systemic autonomic tone and the age of the examined individuals. The combination of permanent and paroxysmal autonomic disorders, psychosomatic disorders can be considered as a manifestation of hypothalamic dysfunction that has developed against the background of vascular disorders in the brain that have arisen with age.
Keywords: accident at Chernobyl NPP, liquidators, autonomic nervous sistem, hemodynamics, functional diagnostics
For citation: Torubarov FS, Kuleshova MV, Metlyaeva NA, Lukyanova SN. Studying the State of the Autonomic Nervous System and Hemodynamics in the Liquidators of the Accident at the Chernobyl NPP. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):48–54.
(In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-48-54
References
1. Guskova AK, Soldatova VA, Denisova EA, et al. Long-term Consequences of Occupational Radiation Exposure. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya = Medical Radiology. 1976(4):34-40 (In Russ.).
2. Grigoriev Yu.G. Effects of Long-term Chronic Gamma Irradiation. Biologicheskiye Effekty Malykh Doz Radiatsii. Sbornik Nauchnykh Trudov = Biological Effects of Low Doses of Radiation: Collection of Scientific Papers. Moscow Publ., 1983. P. 11-20 (In Russ.).
3. Torubarov F.S. Kliniko-Fiziologicheskaya Kharakteristika Tserebral’noy Gemodinamiki pri OLB Cheloveka i yeye Posledstviyakh = Clinical and Physiological Characteristics of Cerebral Hemodynamics in Human Ars and its Consequences. Doctor’s thesis (Med.). Moscow Publ., 1983 (In Russ.).
4. Guskova A.K. Radiation: Imaginary and Real Dangers (Regulatory and Methodological Materials on Radiation Medicine of the USSR Ministry of Health). Moscow Publ., 1990. P. 5-11 (In Russ.).
5. Dakhno D.V. Izucheniye Sostoyaniya Vegetativnoy Nervnoy Sistemy u Lits, Prinimavshikh Uchastiye v Likvidatsii Posledstviy Avarii na CHAES = Study of the State of the Autonomic Nervous system in Persons Who Took Part in the Liquidation of the Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident. Doctor’s thesis (Med.). Moscow Publ., 1990. P. 145-154 (In Russ.).
6. Voloshin PV, Kryzhenko TV, Zdesenko IV. Clinical and Clinical-Physiological Features of Cerebrovascular Disorders in Persons Exposed to Radiation. Izmeneniye Nervnoy Sistemy Cheloveka pri Deystvii Ioniziruyushchey Radiatsii = Changes in the Human Nervous System under the Influence of Initiating radiation. Materials of the All-union Conference. Ed. F.S.Torubarov. Moscow Publ., 1990. P. 91-95 (In Russ.).
7. Gordon I.B, Gordon A.I. Tserebral’nyye i Perifericheskiye Vegetativnyye Rasstroystva v Klinicheskoy Kardiologii = Cerebral and Peripheral Autonomic Disorders in Clinical Cardiology. Moscow, Medicine Publ., 1994. P. 6-8 (In Russ.).
8. Ananyeva V.M. Psychovegetative Disorders in Persons Exposed to Relatively Low Doses of Radiation. Vserossiyskiy S”Yezd Nevrologov = All-Russian Congress of Neurologists: Abstracts of Reports. Nizhny Novgorod Publ., 1995. P. 520-521 (In Russ.).
9. Torubarov FS, Kuleshova MV, Lukyanova SN, Zvereva ZV, Samoilov AS. Spectral-Correlation Analysis of EEG in Liquidators of the Chernobyl Accident with Neurological Disorders. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost’ = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019;64(3):40-45 (In Russ.).
10. Baranov AE, Guskova AK, Protasova TG. Experience in Treating Victims of the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and Immediate Outcomes of the Disease. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost’ = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 1991;36(3):29-32 (In Russ.)
11. Bushmanov A.Yu. Kliniko-Epidemiologicheskoye Issledovaniye Razvitiya Mozgovykh Insul’tov u Zhiteley Zakrytogo Administrativno-Territorial’nogo Obrazovaniya Zapadnoy Sibiri (g. Seversk) = Clinical and Epidemiological Study of the Development of Cerebral Strokes in Residents of a Closed Administrative-Territorial Entity of Western Siberia (Seversk). Doctor’s thesis (Med.). Moscow Publ., 1997. P. 34-38 (In Russ.).
12. Guskova AK. Ten Years After the Chernobyl Accident (Retrospective of Clinical Events and Measures to Overcome the Consequences). Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost’ = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 1997:42(1):5-12 (In Russ.).
13. Guskova AK, Denisova EA. Basic Physiological Indicators of the Cardiovascular System of Practically Healthy People. Fiziologiya Cheloveka = Human Physiology. 1975(2):302-309 (In Russ.).
14. Guskova A.K., Shakirova I.N. Reaction of the Nervous System to Damaging Ionizing Radiation. Review. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova = S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 1989:89(2):138-142 (In Russ.).
15. Guskova AK, Yarmoninko SP. Essay on the Radiation Effects of the Atomic Bombing. Review. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost’ = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 1995:40(6):67-69 (In Russ.)
16. Denisova E.A. Sostoyaniye Serdechno-Sosudistoy Sistemy pri Khronicheskom Luchevom Vozdeystvii v Professional’nykh Usloviyakh = State of the Cardiovascular System during Chronic Radiation Exposure in Professional Conditions. Doctor’s thesis (Med.). Moscow Publ., 1970. 425 p. (In Russ.).
17. Serdechno-Sosudistaya Sistema pri Deystvii Professional’nykh Faktorov = Cardiovascular System under the Influence of Professional Factors. Ed. N.M. Konchalovskaya. Moscow Publ., 1976. 256 p. (In Russ.).
18. Ternov V.I. Gigiyenicheskaya Znachimost’ Vozdeystviya na Organizm Ioniziruyushchey Radiatsii Maloy Intensivnosti (Naturnyye i Eksperimental’no-Laboratornyye Issledovaniya) = The Hygienic Significance of the Impact on the Body of Low-intensity Ionizing Radiation (Field and Experimental Laboratory Studies). Moscow Publ., 1986. 43 p. (In Russ.).
19. Barbarenko N.I, Denisova E.A, Pavlova I.V. Functional State of the Sympathetic-Adrenal System during Occupational Exposure. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya = Medical Radiology. 1975;(9):46-52 (In Russ.).
20. Guskova A.K. Using Medical Observation Data of Workers Working with Radiation Sources to Substantiate the “Risk” of Occupational Exposure. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya = Medical Radiology. 1980(11):41-46 (In Russ.).
21. Guskova A.K, Denisova E.A, Seltser V.K., et al. Results of Clinical and Physiological Observations of Persons Exposed to Occupational Exposure. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya = Medical Radiology. 1975(9):36-46 (In Russ.).
22. Bolotnikov V.M, Mikhailov M.A, Nechaeva V.I., et al. Organization and Main Tasks of Dispensary Observation of Workers Working with Sources of Non-Ionizing Radiation. Rentgenologiya i Radiologiya = Radiology and Radiology. 1981(2):128-131 (In Russ).
23. Kiryushkin V.I, Guskova A.K, Kosenko N.M. Organization of Observation of a Limited Part of the Population in Conditions of Increased Exposure. Rukovodstvo po Organizatsii Meditsinskogo Obsluzhivaniya Lits, Podvergshikhsya Deystviyu Ioniziruyushchego Izlucheniya = Guidelines for the Organization of Medical Care for Persons Exposed to Ionizing Radiation. Moscow, Energoizdat Publ., 1981;(2):128-131 (In Russ.).
24. Zakharova A.V. On the Effect of Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation on the State of Some Hemodynamic Parameters in People Working at Accelerators. Izbrannyye Materialy Byulletenya Radiatsionnoy Meditsiny = Selected Materials Bulletin of Radiation Medicine. 1970;2:52-55 (In Russ.)
25. Vorobyov E.I, Stepanov R.P. Ioniziruyushcheye Izlucheniye i Krovenosnyye Sosudy = Ionizing Radiation and Blood Vessels. Moscow, Energoatomizdat Publ., 1985. 293 p. (In Russ.).
26. Zenkov L.R, Ronkin M.A. Funktsional’naya Diagnostika Nervnykh Bolezney = Functional Diagnosis of Nervous Diseases. Moscow, Meditsina Publ., 1982. 432 p. (In Russ.).
27. Mekhanizmy Sistemnoy Regulyatsii Mozga = Mechanisms of Systemic Regulation of the Brain. Ed. Rudakova K.V., Chirkova A.I. Gor’kiy Publ., 1978. P. 348-355 (In Russ.).
28. Sudakov K.V., Yumatov Ye.A., Ul’yaninskiy L.S. Systemic Mechanisms of Emotional Stress. 8-y Vsesoyuznyy S”Yezd Nevropatologov, Psikhiatrov i Narkologov = 8th All-Union Congress of Neuropathologists, Psychiatrists and Narcologists. Materials. 25-28 October, 1988, Moscow. Moscow, Institute of Normal Physiology named after. P.K.Anokhin Publ., 1988. V.3. Pp. 52-63 (In Russ.).
29. Pribylova N.N., Koren V.S, Sidorets V.M, Beznosov N.S, Fomin A.V., Neronov A.F. Features of Neurocirculatory Dystonia under the Influence of Ionizing Radiation. Vsesoyuznaya Nauchnaya Konferentsiya = All-Union Scientific Conference 30-31 May, 1989. Moscow Publ., 1989. P. 67-74 (In Russ.).
PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-62-70
L.I. Baranov, A.Yu. Bushmanov, N.A. Bogdanenko, A.N. Tsarev, A.S. Kretov,
I.G. Dibirgadzhiyev, T.M. Bulanova, Yu.E. Smirnov, A.S. Samoilov
Digital Twin as a Tool of Participatory Medicine for Workers of Nuclear Facility
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: Л.И. Баранов, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Introduction.
Рarticipatory medicine.
Health, norm.
Pre-shift medical examination of workers of nuclear facility as a source of significant individual health indicators.
Technological infrastructure for data collection.
The digital twin as a tool of participatory.
Protection of personal medical data.
Conclusion.
Keywords: participatory medicine, digital twin, worker of nuclear facility, pre-shift medical examination, medical information space
For citation: Baranov LI, Bushmanov AYu, Bogdanenko NA, Tsarev AN, Kretov AS, Dibirgadzhiyev IG, Bulanova TM, Smirnov YuE, Samoilov AS. Digital Twin as a Tool of Participatory Medicine for Workers of Nuclear Facility. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):62–70. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-62-70
References
1. URL: https://medvestnik.ru/content/news/Veronika-Skvorcova-obyavila-o-vstuplenii-v-eru-mediciny-4-P.html (Date of access: 12.03.2024) (In Russ.).
2. URL: https://doctorpiter.ru/novosti/minzdrav-soobshhil-o-nastuplenii-e-ry-mediciny-tri-p11352-id631498/ (Date of access: 12.03.2024) (In Russ.).
3. URL: https://chr.plus.rbc.ru/news/5bf80c387a8aa91a4c366622 (Date of access: 13.03.2024).
4. Ulyanov Yu.A. Zaripova E.M., Mingazova E.N. From Patient-Oriented Medicine to 4p Medicine: the Semantic Aspect of the Trend. Menedzher Zdravookhraneniya. 2020;9:26-29 (In Russ.).
5. Paltsev M.A. Medicina Budushchego. Personalizirovannaya Medicina: Opyt Proshlogo, Realii Zavtrashnego Dnya = Medicine of the Future. Personalized Medicine: the Experience of the Past, the Realities Of Tomorrow. Moscow Publ., 2020. 152 p. (In Russ.).
6. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/ (In Russ.).
7. Leroy Hood & Charles Auffray Participatory Medicine: a Driving Force for Revolutionizing Healthcare. Genome Medicine. 2013;5:110. doi:10.1186/gm514.
8. Epishkin N.I. Istoricheskiy Slovar’ Gallitsizmov Russkogo Yazyka = Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language. Moscow Publ., 2010 (In Russ.).
9. URL: https://bigenc.ru/c/partisipativnost-4cfcc6 (Date of access: 12.03.2024) (In Russ.).
10. Kablashova I.V., Elfimova I.F., Logunova I.V. Theory of Management: the History of Managerial Thought. Voronezh State Technical University, 2013 (In Russ.).
11. Novikov D.A. Introductory Course of Lectures on the Theory of Management of Organizational Systems. Management of Large Systems: Proceedings. 2004;8:10-87 (In Russ.).
12. URL: http://government.ru/news/25907/ (Date of access: 12.03.2024) (In Russ.).
13. URL: https://static-0.minzdrav.gov.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/037/137/original/План_мероприятий.pdf (Date of access: 12.03.2024) (In Russ.).
14. URL: https://ncmu.hse.ru/chelpoten_trends/participative_med. (Date of access: 12.03.2024) (In Russ.).
15. URL: https://бмэ.орг/index.php/ЗДОРОВЬЕ. (Date of access: 12.03.2024) (In Russ.).
16. URL: https://бмэ.орг/index.php/НОРМА. (Date of access: 12.03.2024) (In Russ.).
17. Krumlikova S.Y. Theoretical Approaches to the Interpretation of the Concept of «Human Health Norm». The Image of a Man of the Future: Whom and How to Educate in the Younger Generations. Ed. Bazaluk O.A. V. 1 Kiev Publ., 2011. P. 251-259.
18. Technologies for Performing Simple Medical Services of Functional Examination. GOST R 52623.1-2008 Is the National standard of the Russian Federation (In Russ.).
19. Quantifiedself URL: https://quantifiedself.com/ (Date of access: 13.03.2024).
20. Blood test variability // Quantifiedself URL: https://forum.quantifiedself.com/t/blood-test-variability/11783 (Date of access: 12.03.2024).
21. URL: https://kvzrm.ru/projects/tsifrovaya-platforma-monitoringa-zdorovya-na-aes-/ (Date of access: 12.03.2024). (In Russ.).
22. URL: https://kvzrm.ru/news/novosti/sovmestnoe-reshenie-tsifromed-i-esmo/ (Date of access: 12.03.2024). (In Russ.).
23. URL: https://vk.com/wall-155397808_146#:~:text=%20Цифровая%20платформа%20управления%20здоровьем, предприятия%20(ПАО%2C%20ДЗО%2C%20подрядные%20организации) (Date of access: 12.03.2024). (In Russ.).
24. URL: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/departments/d31/koncepciya_gos_regulirovaniya_cifrovyh_platform_i_ekosistem/ (Date of access: 12.03.2024). (In Russ.).
25. URL: https://kvzrm.ru/news/novosti/distantsionnye-medosmotry-na-terminalakh-esmo/ (Date of access: 12.03.2024). (In Russ.).
26. On the Implementation of A Pilot Project for Remote Monitoring of the Patient’s Health Using the Information System (Platform) «Personal Medical Assistants». Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 12/28/2022 No. 2469. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/ (In Russ.).
27. URL: https://minzdrav.gov.ru/news/2022/12/29/19716-v-rossii-startoval-pilotnyy-proekt-po-distantsionnomu-monitoringu-sostoyaniya-zdorovya-patsientov-s-ispolzovaniem-vysokotehnologichnyh-ustroystv-i-servisov. (Date of access: 12.03.2024). (In Russ.).
28. URL: https://www.cnews.ru/news/top/2023-02-14_sber_vyshel_na_rynok_meditsinskih (Date of access: 12.03.2024). (In Russ.).
29. URL: https://www.itmportal.ru/competition/sber-zdorovye.php (Date of access: 12.03.2024). (In Russ.).
30. URL: https://www.notebookcheck.net/Xiaomi-teases-new-ECG-and-blood-pressure-tracking-smartwatch.762134.0.html (Date of access: 12.03.2024).
31. URL: https://foresight-journal.hse.ru/data/2013/03/29/1294347383/6-vanRij-60-73.pdf. (Date of access: 13.03.2024). (In Russ.).
32. URL: https://minzdrav.gov.ru/news/2022/06/02/18814-pervyy-zamestitel-ministra-zdravoohraneniya-rossii-vladimir-zelenskiy-rasskazal-o-sozdanii-domena-zdravoohranenie (Date of access: 13.03.2023). (In Russ.).
33. URL: https://www.pnp.ru/social/v-rossii-poyavyatsya-cifrovye-dvoyniki-vrachey-i-pacientov.html (Date of access: 13.03.2024). (In Russ.).
34. URL: https://www.itmportal.ru/resources/presentations/domen-zdravookhranenie-proektirovanie-i-razvitie/ (Date of access: 13.03.2024). (In Russ.).
35. URL: https://www.comnews.ru/content/229476/2023-10-17/2023-w42/1007/zdorove-eksport-rossii-poyavyatsya-cifrovye-profili-pacientov-kotorye-budut-obuchat-ii. (Date of access: 13.03.2024). (In Russ.).
36. URL: https://ria.ru/20240220/transformatsiya-1928492156.html. (Date of access: 13.03.2023). (In Russ.).
37. Baranov L.I. The Digital Double as a Product of the Information Society. New Opportunities for Research in the Field of Medical Radiology. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022;67;6:86–95. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-6-86-95. (In Russ.).
38. Baranov L.I., Tsarev A.N., Torubarov F.S., Kretov A.S., Petrova V.V., Vasiliev A.V., Dumansky S.M., Tikhonova O.A., Bulanova T.M., Kalinina M.V., Shulepov P.A., Dibirgadzhiev I., Samoilov A.S. Digital Twin of Worker of Nuclear Facility at the Stage Pre-Shift Control. Meditsinskaya Radiologiya i Radiatsionnaya Bezopasnost = Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69;1:С. 33–40. DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-1-33-40. (In Russ.).
39. URL: https://minzdrav.gov.ru/news/2021/06/04/16781-mihail-murashko-neobhodimo-sozdat-tsifrovoy-profil-zdorovya-dlya-kazhdogo-cheloveka. (Date of access: 13.03.2023). (In Russ.).
40. URL: https://www.itmportal.ru/upload/iblock/4db/9oiiw45cs0fvj49rf7xy0j5wpu2t7upu/1.8.1-Artemova-Federalnyi_proekt_Personalnye_meditsinskie_pomoshchniki_1.pdf. (Date of access: 13.03.2023). (In Russ.).
PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-55-61
F.S. Torubarov, M.V. Kuleshova, N.A. Metlyaeva, S.N. Lukyanova, L.A. Yunanova
Phenomenology and Number of Neurological Manifestations in Liquidators of The Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl Npp with Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation and Observation Period
A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: N.A. Metlyaeva, , e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
ABSTRACT
Purpose: To analyze our own data on the dependence of neurological manifestations in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident on the dose within low values and observation time after irradiation.
Material and methods: The study was conducted with the participation of 141 liquidators of the consequences of a nuclear power plant accident. The analysis used clinical data on the nosology of neurological manifestations, which are presented in comparison with low radiation doses (31±6 and 190±22 mSv) and observation time after the accident (1986‒1988). The results are statistically substantiated.
Results: It was shown that there is no direct relationship between the incidence of neurological disorders and the dose of ionizing radiation within low values. On the contrary, a statistically significant predominance of their number was noted at lower doses – 31±6, relative to 190±22 mSv. The main phenomenology was reduced to neurocirculatory dystonia. The prevalence of vegetative-vascular dystonia and encephalopathy was almost the same during different periods of operation at the Chernobyl NPP and was always statistically significantly lower than the neurocirculatory dystonia. These data were correlated with the type of EEG activity.
Conclusion: The effects of low doses of ionizing radiation (31±6 and 190±22 mSv) during various periods of observation (1986‒1988) were characterized by a quantitative predominance of nosological forms in the form of neurocirculatory dystonia. Statistically significant, in a greater percentage of cases they were noted at lower doses (35.7 %, relatively, 18.7 % at higher doses). Analysis of observation periods of the effects of low doses confirms these data and represents the likelihood of their intensification in long-term observation periods:
1986 – 24.4 %, 1988 – 35.7 %, whereas at higher doses these changes were noted only in 1986 – 18.7 %.
Keywords: accident at the Chernobyl NPP, liquidators, neurocirculatory dystonia, vegetative-vascular dystonia, encephalopathy, electroencephalography
For citation: Torubarov FS, Kuleshova MV, Metlyaeva NA, Lukyanova SN, Yunanova LA. Phenomenology and Number of Neurological Manifestations in Liquidators of the Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl Npp with Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation and Observation Period. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):55–61. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-55-61
References
1. Guskova AK. Radiation and the human brain. Current and predicted mental health disorders after the Chernobyl nuclear disaster. Proceedings of the international conference. Kyiv. 1985. p. 22. (In Russ.).
2. Budunov VA, Strapko NP, Pirogova EA. Scientific and practical aspects of preserving the health of people exposed to radiation as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Minsk. 1991, P. 168-169. (In Russ.).
3. Zozulya AE., Polishchuk IE., Korol SA. Scientific and practical aspects of preserving the health of people exposed to radiation as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Minsk, 1991, P. 171-173. (In Russ.).
4. Vereshchagin NV, Bratina LK, Vavilov SB et al. Computed tomography of the brain. M.: Medicine. 1986. p. 251. (In Russ.).
5. Kholodova TB. Changes in the central nervous system of liquidators of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. (according to clinical and X-ray data) Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 1993:93(4):74-77. (In Russ.).
6. Torubarov FS, Kuleshova MV, Lukyanova SN, Zvereva ZV, Samoilov AS. Spectral-correlation analysis of EEG in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident with neurological disorders. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2019:64(3):40-45. (In Russ.).
7. Nyagu AI. Long-term psychoneurological consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant: results and priority directions. International conference “Current and predictable mental health disorders after a nuclear disaster in Chernobyl.” May 24-28, 1995. Kyiv. p. 30. (In Russ.).
8. Guskova AK. Radiation: imaginary and real dangers (regulatory and methodological materials on radiation medicine of the USSR Ministry of Health). Moscow. 1990. p. 5-11. (In Russ.).
9. Aleksandrovsky YuA, Rumyantseva GM, Shchukin BP, Yurov VV. Journal of Neuropathology and Psychiatry, 1989(5):111-117. (In Russ.).
10. Aleksandrovsky YuA, Shchukin BP. Journal Neuropathology and Psychiatry. 1991(5):39-43. (In Russ.).
11. Nechiporenko VV, Rudoy IS, Sofronyeva NM, Sergienko AV. VIII CONGRESS of neuropathologists, psychiatrists and narcologists of Ukraine RSR. Kharkov, 1990:4(2):349-350.
12. Saprun NP. VIII CONGRESS of neuropathologists, psychiatrists and narcologists of Ukraine RSR. Kharkov, 1990:4(2):350-351.
13. Panchenko OA. Maladaptive states in participants of the emergency response at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Ukrainian Herald of Psychoneurology. 1995:3(2):190-191.
14. Burtyansky DL. Some clinical features of modern neuroses depending on the causes and conditions of their development. Collection of scientific papers. USSR Academy of Sciences. Institute of Psychology. M.: 1991. P. 186-188. (In Russ.).
15. Isurina GL. Mechanisms of psychological correction of personality in the process of group psychotherapy for neuropsychiatric diseases. L.: 1988. 4. Yerevan. 1973. p. 77. (In Russ.).
16. Sivachenko VN, Zenevich MV, Garbuz LA. Mechanisms of development of pathology and its structure under the influence of small doses of radiation on the human body. Radioactivity and radioactive elements in the human environment: Abstracts of reports. Tomsk. 1996. P. 328-331.
17. Zdesenko IV. Stages of development of cerebrovascular disorders in persons exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident. International conference. (In Russ.).
18. Novikov BS. The intensity of the body’s defensive reactions during psycho-emotional stress. Eighth All-Union Congress of Neuropathologists, Psychiatrists and Narcologists. Abstract report, 25-28 Oct. Moscow. 1988. Volume 3. P. 356-357. (In Russ.).
19. Krasnov VN, Yurkin MM, Voitsekh VF, Skavysh VA, Gorobets LN, Zubovsky GA et al. Mental disorders among participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Social and clinical psychiatry, 1993:(1):5-10. (In Russ.).
20. Vein AM. Diseases of the autonomic nervous system. M.: Medicine, 1991. P. 39-51. (In Russ.).
21. Larionova I.K. Functional changes in the central nervous system under the combined influence of external radiation and incorporated plutonium-239 in small doses. Radiation Medicine Bulletins. 1982(3):115-121. (In Russ.).
22. Nyagu AI, Noshchenko AG, Loganovsky KN. Long-term consequences of psychogenic and radiation factors of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant on the functional states of the human brain. Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 1992:(4):72-77. (In Russ.).
23. Denisevich NK. Clinical and epidemiological studies to identify diseases of the nervous system among the population constantly living in conditions of increased ionizing radiation. All-Union scientific conference “Changes in the human nervous system under the influence of ionizing radiation”: Abstracts of reports. Moscow. 1989. P. 110-114. (In Russ.).
24. Wayne AM. Classification of autonomic disorders. Journal Neuropathology and Psychiatry. 1988: (10):9-12. (In Russ.).
25. Zhirmunskaya EA. Clinical electroencephalography. M.: 1991. p. 77. (In Russ.).
26. Kochanova EM. The state of blood circulation in persons with neurocirculatory dystonia syndrome exposed to ionizing radiation in professional conditions. Dissertation of Candidate of Medical Sciences. M.: 1976. p. 140. (In Russ.).
27. Dakhno DV. Study of the state of the autonomic nervous system in individuals who took part in the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Dissertation of Candidate of Medical Sciences. M.: 1990.
P. 145-154. (In Russ.).
PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.
Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024. Vol. 69. № 4
DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-71-76
E.I. Matkevich1, 2, Е.А. Ladik1, E.V. Bril1, O.S. Zimnyakova1, V.V. Bryukhov3
Assessment of Midbrain Structure Visualization with Modified 3 Tesla MRI Protocols for Enhanced Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis
1 A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
2 RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
3 Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
Contact person: E.I. Matkevich, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
Purpose: To assess the outcomes and implications of modifying SWAN protocol parameters on a 3 Tesla MRI for midbrain structure imaging in patients to detect signs of Parkinson’s disease.
Material and methods: The study was conducted on 22 patients of both genders, ranging in age from 30 to 77 years. Protocols for the standard MRI brain examination and its two variations in the SWAN program, which involved reducing the slice thickness, were analyzed. Key parameters for the visualization of midbrain structures were identified, and subsequently evaluated by expert radiologists.
Results: Parameters within the SWAN protocol for MRI scanning were identified, the modification of which enhances the clarity of nigrosome-1 visualization. It was established that thin-slice modifications of the brain scanning protocols (slice thicknesses of 1.2 and 2 mm) reveal early, diagnostically significant features of nigrosome-1 for Parkinson’s disease 3.4 to 4.1 times more frequently than the standard survey protocol with a slice thickness of 4 mm.
Conclusion: The significance of selecting appropriate MRI protocol parameters for studying midbrain structures to enhance the visualization effectiveness of nigrosome-1 has been confirmed. Employing the SWAN sequence on a 3 Tesla MRI scanner with a slice thickness of 2 mm or less in a neurological department setting during routine Parkinson’s disease examinations achieves superior imaging results compared to conventional survey MRI protocols with a 4 mm slice thickness. This approach demonstrates high inter-rater reliability and aligns with European recommendations for neuroimaging.
Keywords: radiation diagnostics, 3 Tesla MRI, substantia nigra, Parkinson’s disease, nigrosome-1, inter-rater agreement
For citation: Matkevich EI, Ladik ЕА, Bril EV, Zimnyakova OS, Bryukhov VV. Assessment of Midbrain Structure Visualization with Modified 3 Tesla MRI Protocols for Enhanced Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2024;69(4):71–76. (In Russian). DOI:10.33266/1024-6177-2024-69-4-71-76
References
1.GBD 2016. Neurology Collaborators. Global, Regional, and National Burden of Neurological Disorders, 1990-2016: a Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019;18;5:459-480. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30499-X.
2.Khan A.Z., Lavu D., Neal R.D. Parkinson’s Disease: a Scoping Review of the Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence of Its Diagnostic Accuracy in Primary Care. Br J Gen Pract. 2024;27;74;741:e227-e232. doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2023.0409.
3.Li T., Le W. Biomarkers for Parkinson’s Disease: How Good Are They? Neurosci Bull. 2020;36;2:183-194. doi: 10.1007/s12264-019-00433-1.
4.Aludin S., Schmill L.A. MRI Signs of Parkinson’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonism. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021;193: 1403 – 1410.
5.Diagnostic Imaging: Brain. Ed. Anne G. Osborn, Karen L. Salzman, Miral D. Jhaveri. Third Publisher: Elsevier. 2016. ISBN 978-0-323-37754-6.
6.Gramsch C., Reuter I., Kraff O. Nigrosome 1 Visibility at Susceptibility Weighted 7T MRI ‒ a Dependable Diagnostic Marker for Parkinson’s Disease or Merely an Inconsistent Age-Dependent Imaging Finding? Plos One 2017;12:e0185489. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185489.
7.Litvinenko I.V., Krasakov I.V., Trufanov A.G. Cerebral Disorders of Iron Metabolism as the Basis of the Development and Progression of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Vestnik Rossiyskoy Voyenno-Meditsinskoy Akademii = Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy. 2018;20;3S:68-78 (In Russ.).
8.Andropova P.L., Gavrilov P.V., Kazantseva I.P., Kochanova N.I., Narkevich A.N., Trofimova T.N. Interexpert Agreement Between Emergency Neuroradiologists with Different Levels of Experience in the Rating of ASPECTS. Radiologiya – Praktika = Radiology – Practice. 2022;5:10-25. https://doi.org/10.52560/2713-0118-2022-5-10-25. (In Russ.).
9.Moskalenko A.N., Filatov A.S., Fedotova E.Y., Konovalov R.N., Illarioshkin S.N. Visual Analysis of Nigrosome-1 in the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease and essential Tremor. Bulletin of RSMU. 2022;1:47–52. doi: 10.24075/brsmu.2022.002. (In Russ.).
10.Barkhof F., Jäger H.R., Thurnher M.M., Rovira Àlex. Clinical Neuroradiology (The ESNR Textbook). 2019. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-68536-6.
11.Haller S., Haacke E.M., Thurnher M.M., Barkhof F. Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging: Technical Essentials and Clinical Neurologic Applications. Radiology. 2021;299;1:3-26. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2021203071.
12.Arnaldi D., Morbelli S., Picco A., Ferrara M., Buschiazzo A., Famà F., De Carli F., Nobili F. Functional Imaging in Pre-Motor Parkinson’s Disease. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2014;58;4:366-375.
13.Kim E.Y., Sung Y.H., Lee J. Nigrosome 1 Imaging: Technical Considerations and Clinical Applications. Br J Radiol. 2019;92;1101:20180842. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20180842.
14. Cheng Z., He N., Huang P., Li Y., Tang R., Sethi S.K., Ghassaban K., Yerramsetty K.K., Palutla V.K., Chen S., Yan F., Haacke E.M. Imaging the Nigrosome 1 in the Substantia Nigra Using Susceptibility Weighted Imaging and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping: An Application to Parkinson’s Disease. Neuroimage Clin. 2020;25:102103. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102103.
PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Financing. The study had no sponsorship.
Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.
Article received: 20.03.2024. Accepted for publication: 25.04.2024.