SCIENTIFIC AND INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL MAGAZINE

ISSN 1024-6177 (Print), ISSN 2618-9615 (Online)

JOURNAL DESCRIPTION

The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.

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Issues journals

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 2. P. 20-24

RADIATION BIOLOGY

A.N. Grebenyuk1,2, N.I. Zargarova1, A.Y. Kondakov1, V.I. Legeza1

Modeling of the Combined Radiation Injury Caused by the Total Whole Body Gamma-Irradiation and Local X-Ray Burn of Skin in Experiments on Rats

1. S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg; 2. Special and Medical Equipment, St. Petersburg, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Modeling of the combined radiation injury caused by the total whole body γ-irradiation and deep local radiation burn from X-ray irradiation in experiment on rats.

Material and methods: 180 males of white inbred rats weighing 180-200 g were used for modeling of the combined radiation injury. The total whole body irradiation carried out by γ-radiation source of 137Cs, animal irradiated in doses 5.0; 6.0; 6.5 and 6.75 Gy at the dose power 1.37 Gy/min. The roentgen-therapeutic device RUM-17 was used for modeling of deep local radiation burns at a tension on a X-ray tube of 250 kVp, anode current 15 mA, skin focal length 25 cm, without filters, at the power of dose 3.3 Gy/min. The X-ray burn of 10 % of the surface of the body was applied on the area of the animal’s back. Physical protection of the subject bodies and fabrics against X-ray irradiation was carried out by the lead plate entered under the irradiated site of the skin at the a back of a laboratory animal, and protection of a body against γ-irradiation was carried out by the lead screen.

Results: It is established that the total whole body γ-irradiation of rats varies in the range of doses from 5.0 to 6.75 Gy is followed by death of 10-60 % of animals from acute radiation syndrome. X-ray irradiation of skin of a back in a dose 60 Gy on the area of 10 % of a surface of a body promotes the increase in a lethality of total irradiated rats on average for 40 %. The total γ-irradiation, in turn, was considerable (by 1.5-1.7 times) increased the period of healing of local radiation burn at rats.

On the basis of the obtained data the experimental model of the combined radiation injury, including the total whole body γ-irradiation of rats in a dose of 5 Gy with the local X-ray irradiation of skin of a back on the area of 10 % of a surface of a body in a dose of 60 Gy was offered. The use of the specified model allows to reproduce both clinic of acute radiation syndrome and dynamics of destructive and reparative processes in skin with deep local radiation burn; thus manifestations of a phenomenon of mutual burdening, typical for the combined injures, are observed.

Conclusion: The obtained data allows to recommend the developed model for screening of means of conservative treatment of the combined radiation injury.

Key words: experimental modeling, combined radiation injury, γ-irradiation, X-ray, burn of skin, mutual burdening, rats

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For citation: Grebenyuk AN, Zargarova NI, Kondakov AY, Legeza VI. Modeling of the Combined Radiation Injury Caused by the Total Whole Body Gamma-Irradiation and Local X-Ray Burn of Skin in Experiments on Rats. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(2):20-4. Russian.

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 2. P. 5-19

RADIATION BIOLOGY

A.N. Koterov, L.N. Ushenkova, A.P. Biryukov, A.S. Samoilov

RET/PTC Gene Rearrangements Frequency in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Worldwide Depending on Time After Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Pooled-Analysis)

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Results of pooled-analysis of primary data in the database formed from molecular epidemiological sources on RET/PTC generearrangements frequency in papillary thyroid carcinoma developed spontaneously and after Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident showed declined chronological trends for RET/PTC1, RET/PTC3 and RET/PTC after the incident separately for cohorts from Europe, USA + Canada and the Asia-Pacific region have been demonstrated. The above trend for RET/PTC3 and RET/PTC in total was similar to trends observed in carcinomas of Chernobyl etiology (Belarus, Russia and Ukraine), although there was no apparent time dependence for RET/PTC1 level in this case. Observed trends could not be connected to any chronological changes in the degree of carcinoma differentiation or age factor for tumor. As chronological changes of RET/PTC frequency in carcinomas in different continents and regions can not be explained by the radiation factor of the Chernobyl accident, it was concluded about the predominant contribution of the ‘human factor’ associated with ‘overestimation’ and ‘overdiagnosis’ of early forms of thyroid tumors in connection with increased vigilance after the Chernobyl accident. Apparently, these factors, along with improvement of instrumental methods at that time, coupled with the ‘aggressive surgery’, took place worldwide resulting in detection of early forms of the occult carcinomas and microcarcinomas. The frequency of RET/PTC in such tumors is higher than in conventional tumors. The frequence of these subjective factors is likely to decrease with time from the date of the Chernobyl accident.

Key words: pooled-analysis, RET/PTC gene rearrangements, papillary thyroid carcinoma, the time after the Chernobyl accident, overestimation

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For citation: Koterov AN, Ushenkova LN, Biryukov AP, Samoilov AS. RET/PTC Gene Rearrangements Frequency in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Worldwide Depending on Time After Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Accident (Pooled-Analysis). Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(2):5-19. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 3. P. 98-102

N.K. Shandala, A.V. Titov, E.G. Metlyaev

Emergency Limitation of Radionuclide Concentrations in Foodstuffs: from Temporary Permissible Levels to Normal Practice

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

The accident at the Chernobyl NPP resulted in contamination to a varying extent of area of more than 56 thousand square kilometers area, including about 35 thousand square kilometers of agricultural lands and about 10 thousand square kilometers of woodlands. Therefore, there was radioactive contamination of foodstuffs of various levels and scale. Ingestion intake of radionuclides via foodstuffs was one of the significant factors of radiation exposure to the public living at the contaminated areas. The article describes approaches to limitation of radionuclide activities in raw foods and foodstuffs, which were used to assure radiation protection of the public since the accident and up to now.

Key words: radionuclide, foodstuffs, permissible levels, effective dose, public, critical group

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For citation: Shandala NK, Titov AV, Metlyaev EG. Emergency Limitation of Radionuclide Concentrations in Foodstuffs: from Temporary Permissible Levels to Normal Practice. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(3):98-102. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 3. P. 103-108

A.Yu. Bushmanov, A.P. Biryukov, E.P. Korovkina, A.S. Kretov, N.N. Buhvostova

The Analysis of Documentary Regulatory Base and Results of Activity of Interdepartmental Advisory Councils on Establishment of the Causal Relationship of Diseases, Disability and Death of the Citizens of Russia Affected by Radiation Factors Owing to the Chernobyl Accident

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia. e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

The review of normative documents and results of work of interdepartmental advisory councils (IAS) Russian Federation on establishment of a causal relationship of diseases, disability and death of the citizens who were affected by radiation factors owing to the Chernobyl accident were presented in the article. Normative documents and the legislative base, regulating work of IAS on an establishment of a causal relationship of diseases, physical inabilities and death of the citizens, undergone to radiating influence owing to Chernobyl accident are considered. The results of the activities of the IAS if the Russian Federation for 2010-2014 are presented. On the basis of the research developed proposals to improve the interagency expert Council (MEC). The obtained results will help to unify the actions of experts, to objectify their conclusions in determining the causality of events and to reduce the level of errors in the expert practice of IAS on establishment of causal connection of diseases, disability and death of citizens exposed to radiation due to the Chernobyl disaster and other radiation accidents.

Key words: interdepartmental advisory councils (IAC), Chernobyl NPP, radiation accident, legislative base, organizational structure

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For citation: Bushmanov AYu, Biryukov AP, Korovkina EP, Kretov AS, Buhvostova NN. The Analysis of Documentary Regulatory Base and Results of Activity of Interdepartmental Advisory Councils on Establishment of the Causal Relationship of Diseases, Disability and Death of the Citizens of Russia Affected by Radiation Factors Owing to the Chernobyl Accident. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(3):103-8. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 3. P. 89-97

N.M. Oganesian, N.R. Davidyan, A.G. Karapetyan, K.V. Asryan, M.I. Mirijanyan, M.G. Shahmuradyan

Epidemiology of Medical Consequences of Chernobyl NPP Accident: 30 Years After

Scientific Center of Radiation Medicine and Burns. Yerevan, Armenia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The study of the delayed health effects in residents of Armenia, who participated in the liquidation of Chernobyl NPP accident consequences.

Material and Methods: Above 3 000 residents of Armenia took part in liquidation of the Chernobyl accident after-effects. For 30 years the long-term monitoring of the health status in this cohort was carried out in the Scientific Center for Radiation Medicine and Burns (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Armenia) with the help of a comprehensive study of all stages of observation on thee basis of “National Register of Chernobyl” developed in the Center.

Results: It was found that health indicators have worsened in liquidators during the entire observation period. A significant increase in diseases of the cardiovascular and nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, musculoskeletal system, etc. were revealed to be caused by the interaction of radiation and a variety of non-radiation factors. The average number of diagnoses per liquidator in the past years has increased from 1-2 in 1987 to 7-8 during recent years. We revealed the accelerated pace of biological aging and the decline in quality of life indices in liquidators; coefficients are below the average standards both on the scales of physical health, and mental and social well-being.

Conclusions: The results of long-term scientific and medical studies conducted in Armenia are not encouraging and signify that the liquidators of the Chernobyl NPP accident, as before, are in need of special medical and social attention. Issues related to their treatment, psychological and social rehabilitation still remain relevant.

Key words: radiation accident, Chernobyl nuclear power plant, medical consequences, liquidators, quality of life, Armenia

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For citation: Oganesian NM, Davidyan NR, Karapetyan AG, Asryan KV, Mirijanyan MI, Shahmuradyan MG. Epidemiology of Medical Consequences of Chernobyl NPP Accident: 30 Years after. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(3):89-97. Russian.

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