Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 3. P. 52-61

V.P. Kryuchkov, L.A. Illyin, O.A. Kochetkov, A.G. Tsovyanov

Official and Real Doses of Participants of Elimination of Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl NPP

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Identification and justification of the discrepancy between “official” individual doses and real doses of Chernobyl liquidators, by analyzing individual doses to the red bone marrow reconstructed by RADRUE method.

Material and methods: The study was carried out by analysis of the data for the dose to the red bone marrow, reconstructed by RADRUE and information from questionnaires of liquidators whose doses were reconstructed by this method. Dose distributions of military liquidators and professionals in the nuclear industry were compared.

Results: The artifact character of the distribution for military liquidators was shown. RADRUE method demonstrated its applicability on two samples of doses of the liquidators with high confidence in their reliability: patients of 6th clinical hospital and personnel of US-605, lived in Obninsk after liquidation of consequences of the accident at Chernobyl NPP. Reconstructed doses were close to those predicted in 1995 by L.A. Il’in et al. On average, they were lower than the values of the “official” doses, but the percentage of exceedance of emergency limit of the dose (250 mGy in 1986) was higher than for the “official” doses through wider distribution of doses measured by RADRUE.

Conclusion: The results of the comparison of official doses and doses, reconstructed by RADRUE method show the fallibility of the “official” doses contained in the National Medical and Dosimetric Registry. Revision of epidemiological assessments made on the basis of dosimetric data contained these registers is needed. RADRUE method showed its applicability in the retrospective assessment of doses of liquidators and in the verification of the “official” doses, and has been in use in the international epidemiological studies already for 16 years.

Key words: RADRUE method, liquidators, dosimetry, external irradiation, the accident at the Chernobyl NPP

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For citation: Kryuchkov VP, Illyin LA, Kochetkov OA, Tsovyanov AG. Official and Real Doses of Participants of Elimination of Consequences of the Accident at the Chernobyl NPP. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(3):52-61. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 3. P. 30-35

A.K. Guskova, V.I. Кrasnyuk, I.A. Galstyan, N.M. Nadejina

30 Years of Chernobyl NPP Accident: Experience of Mitigation of Medical Consequences

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Thirty years is the time period allowing to estimate success of the held events for elimination of medical consequences of the accident on the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. In the article the analysis of the next and remote consequences at affected three groups is carried out: direct participants (witnesses) of accident, clean-up workers in 30 km zone, inhabitants of the contaminated territories. From 134 survivors survivors in the period of the main clinical manifestations 28 people have died. The main reasons for death was local radiation injuries, infectious complications, a hemorrhagic syndrome. It is known of 26 patients deaths in the remote period after the acute radiation syndrome. From them 5 people have died of various oncohematological diseases that, undoubtedly, is stochastic effect of radiation. Other causes of death were usual, typical for the population of Russia in the relevant age groups. In the subsequent medical supervision over this group of persons has to be continued, especially for those in whom changes in critical bodies for radiation are found: in a thyroid gland, skin and bone marrow. Lifelong medical supervision is important for this group of victims. Comparison of frequency of death of clean-up workers from the accident with groups of the men living in the cities of Russia of the same age confirms absence of additional risk of deaths from the main nosological forms among liquidators. Medical supervision over the persons living in the contaminated territories hasn’t revealed any deviations in incidence and mortality in comparison with not irradiated population of Russia, except the increase in frequency of cancer of thyroid gland at the patients who have undergone radiative effects at children’s age.

Key words: Chernobyl NPP, radiation accident, acute radiation syndrome, clean-up workers, inhabitants of the contaminated territories

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For citation: Guskova A.K., Кrasnyuk V.I., Galstyan I.A., Nadejina N.M. 30 Years of Chernobyl NPP Accident: Experience of Mitigation of Medical Consequences. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(3):30-5. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 3. P. 36-51

R.V. Arutyunyan, L.A. Bolshov, I.I. Linge, E.M. Melikhova, S.V. Panchenko

Lessons of Chernobyl and Fukushima and Actual Problems of Development of the System of Radiation Protection of the Population and Territories in Case of a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Nuclear Safety Institute of the RAS. Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

CONTENTS 

Introduction

Lessons of the Chernobyl accident

Lessons of the Fukushima accident

Actual problems of development of the system of radiation protection of the population and territories

Key words: nuclear power plant, technological safety of nuclear reactors, emergency response, intervention criteria, radiation protection of population and territories, optimization of decision-making, Chernobyl accident, Fukushima accident

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For citation: Arutyunyan RV, Bolshov LA, linge II, Melikhova EM, Panchenko SV. Lessons of Chernobyl and Fukushima and Actual Problems of Development of the System of Radiation Protection of the Population and Territories in Case of a Nuclear Power Plant Accident. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(3):36-51. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety, 2016, Vol. 61, No. 3. P. 24-29

Yu.G. Grigoriev

The First Weeks after the Chernobyl Accident (Personal Assessment)

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

April 26, 1986 a tragedy occurred: a reactor exploded at Chernobyl. It has been written quite a lot about this tragedy. Different estimates of this event are given, including opportunistic and absolutely not qualified. The article describes the situation in the first weeks after the accident, that is, that the author saw with his own eyes. The author himself was involved in the organization of treatment of irradiated patients in the hospital 6 and took part in the liquidation of the accident at the Chernobyl reactor disaster zone area, and 30-km zone.

Key words: nuclear accident, the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, treatment of irradiated patients, the protection of emergency workers, measures for liquidation of the accident

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For citation: Grigoriev YuG. 30 Years of Chernobyl NPP Accident: Experience of Mitigation of Medical Consequences. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(3):24-9. Russian.

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