SCIENTIFIC AND INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL MAGAZINE

ISSN 1024-6177 (Print), ISSN 2618-9615 (Online)

JOURNAL DESCRIPTION

The Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety journal ISSN 1024-6177 was founded in January 1956 (before December 30, 1993 it was entitled Medical Radiology, ISSN 0025-8334). In 2018, the journal received Online ISSN: 2618-9615 and was registered as an electronic online publication in Roskomnadzor on March 29, 2018. It publishes original research articles which cover questions of radiobiology, radiation medicine, radiation safety, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine and scientific reviews. In general the journal has more than 30 headings and it is of interest for specialists working in thefields of medicine¸ radiation biology, epidemiology, medical physics and technology. Since July 01, 2008 the journal has been published by State Research Center - Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency. The founder from 1956 to the present time is the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and from 2008 to the present time is the Federal Medical Biological Agency.

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The two-year impact factor of RISC, according to data for 2017, was 0.439, taking into account citation from all sources - 0.570, and the five-year impact factor of RISC - 0.352.

Issues journals

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 5. P. 52-63

REVIEW

DOI: 10.12737/article_59f30321207ef4.88932385

Locoregional Hyperthermia of Malignant Tumors: Methods, Thermometry, Machines

O.K. Kurpeshev1, J. van der Zee2

1. A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Obninsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. Erasmus Medical Centre, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

O.K. Kurpeshev – Dr. Sc. Med., Head of Local and Whole Body Hyperthermia Department, Member of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology (ESHO); J. van der Zee – Ph.D., MD, Member of European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO), European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology (ESHO)

Abstract

The review presents an analytical review of the basic techniques of radiofrequency HT, thermometry, characteristics of some hyperthermic apparatus for locoregional HT (LRHT). All methods of LRHT aim to create a relatively uniform temperature distribution in the tumor in the range of 41–46 °Ϡwithout overheating the normal tissues. However, this is not always achievable, and especially difficult for deep-seated tumors. This is due to certain limitations or disadvantages of the available hyperthermic systems. Application of LRHT is a complex procedure and therefore hyperthermia treatment remains a privilege for the major cancer clinics. There are only general guidelines for the application of LRHT, standards of treatment are difficult to define due to the inhomogeneous distribution of the electromagnetic (EM) power in organs and tissues (tumors) at different frequencies. Standards of treatment should be developed for each specific device on the basis of experimental and clinical studies. A common problem for all hyperthermia systems is the limited possibility to temperature monitoring. A possible solution to this problem is to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound (US) for non-invasive thermometry. The application of LRHT to deep-seated tumors is mainly done with capacitive systems, or radiative systems with phased array antennas. The limiting factor in capacitive HT is overheating of the subcutaneous fat (SF). The application of LRHT to superficial tumors is best done with radiative applicators, because this method has the optimal temperature distribution. The heating pattern of radiative systems in depth depends of the frequency of the used electromagnetic radiation. The superficial temperature can be influenced by a perfused water bolus.

Key words: hyperthermia, electromagnetic fields, radio frequency radiation, ultrasonic radiation, laser radiation, thermometry, hyperthermic devices

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For citation: Kurpeshev OK, van der Zee J. Locoregional Hyperthermia of Malignant Tumors: Methods, Thermometry, Machines. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(5):52-63. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_59f30321207ef4.88932385

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 5. P. 47-51

RADIATION PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGY AND DOSIMETRY

DOI: 10.12737/article_59f300494670a7.65219672

Reconstruction of Bremsstrahlung Spectrum of Medical Electron Linear Accelerators from Deep Dose Distributions in Water Phantom

V.A. Klimanov1,2, J.J. Galjautdinova1, N.N. Mogilenets2, V.V. Smirnov2

1. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the FMBA of Russia, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

V.A. Klimanov – Leading Researcher, Dr. Sc. Phys.-Math., Prof., Member of AAPM; J.J. Galjautdinova – Head of Lab.; N.N. Mogilenets – Senior Lecturer; V.V. Smirnov – Leading Researcher, PhD Phys.-Math., Associated Prof.

Abstract

Purpose: Development of the bremsstrahlung spectrum reconstruction method of medical electron linear accelerators (ELA) with different field sizes, on the base of the deep dose distributions in a water phantom and determination of photon spectra for Varian Trilogy accelerator 6 MV.

Material and methods: The proposed methodology is based on the use of dose kernels algorithm of point monoenergetic monodirectional source (pencil beam (PB)) for the deep dose distribution calculation, created different cross-section beams in a water phantom, and experimental measurements of these distributions. For solving the inverse problem is applied Toolbox routines ‘ptimtool knowing mathematical package MATLAB to solve.

Results: Bremsstrahlung energy spectrum generated medical accelerator Varian Triology with different sizes of square fields from 3×3 up to 40×40 cm and average energy photons, depending on the size of the fields were received. Dose kernels for a set of defined energies PB were calculated. Depth dose distribution in a water phantom, calculated using the obtained spectra and dose kernels agree well with measurement dose distributions.

Conclusion: The proposed technique reconstruction of bremsstrahlung spectrum of electron linear accelerator is adequate. Average energy spectra of bremsstrahlung photons for Varian Trilogy Accelerator in regime 6 MV varies from 1.71 to 1.43 MeV depending on the field size.

Key words: radiation therapy, medical accelerators, bremsstrahlung, deep dose distributions, reconstruction of the photon spectrums

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For citation: Klimanov VA, Galjautdinova JJ, Mogilenets NN, Smirnov VV. Reconstruction of Bremsstrahlung Spectrum of Medical Electron Linear Accelerators from Deep Dose Distributions in Water Phantom. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(5):47-51. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_59f300494670a7.65219672

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 5. P. 33-39

DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY

DOI: 10.12737/article_59f2fc0812bc46.45377149

The Advantage of a Combined SPECT/CT in the Diagnosis of Bone Metastases

A.D. Ryzhkov, A.S. Krylov, S.V. Shiryaev, Ya.A. Shchipakhina, N.V. Kochergina

N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

A.D. Ryzhkov – Senior Researcher, Dr. Sc. Med.; A.S. Krylov – Radiologist, PhD Med., Member of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging; S.V. Shiryaev – Head of Lab., Dr. Sc. Med., prof., President of the OSMI, member of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, member of the American College of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, member of the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging; Ya.A. Shchipakhina – Research worker, PhD Med.; N.V. Kochergina – Leading Researcher, Dr. Sc. Med., Prof.

Abstract

Purpose: To define the diagnostic capabilities of SPECT/CT in comparison with whole body scintigraphy (WBS) in patients with bone metastases. Material and methods: It was included 67 patients with bone metastases of breast cancer, prostate cancer and other tumors. The evaluation was included WBS and SPECT/CT.

Results: All patients were divided into 2 groups: with single and multiple metastases. SPECT/CT showed higher efficiency in detecting bone metastases than WBS. The full detection of bone metastases with WBS ranged from 31 to 56 % compared to SPECT/CT for groups respectively. In some cases (for groups respectively 4 to 9.5 % depending on the number of metastases and their localization) of WBS was not informative, recorded the absence of lesions.

Conclusion: SPECT/CT can improve the diagnosis of bone metastasis.

Key words: bone metastases, SPECT/CT, bone scan

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For citation: Ryzhkov AD, Krylov AS, Shiryaev SV, Shchipakhina YaA, Kochergina NV. The Advantage of a Combined SPECT/CT in the Diagnosis of Bone Metastasesn. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(5):33-9. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_59f2fc0812bc46.45377149

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 5. P. 40-46

RADIATION THERAPY

DOI: 10.12737/article_59f2fe1f592407.71438587

A Correlation between Radiotherapy Dose on the Mediastinal Lymphoma and Cardiovascular Dose with Using Respiratory Control System

E.V. Filatova, O.N. Lamanova, P.V. Filatov, A.A. Zheravin

E.N. Meshalkin Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

E.V. Filatova – Medical Physicist; O.N. Lamanova – Radiologist; P.V. Filatov – Medical Physicist; A.A. Zheravin – PhD Med., Head of Oncology and Radiology Center

Abstract

Purpose: To find a correlation between prescribed dose on the irradiation area and dose on heart and ascending aorta, using the breath holding method in classical radiotherapy course for patients with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin mediastinal lymphomas.

Material and methods: For patients of reproductive age with diagnose Hodgkin, non-Hodgkin mediastinal lymphomas we conducted radiotherapy with contouring of tumor and critical structures, include heart and ascending aorta. Radiotherapy was conducted on breath holding (ABC) for shielding radiation dose from heart, ascending aorta and lungs. We did calculations of length and diameter of the contoured aorta and dose that it and heart took. Also, we did correlation calculation of relationship between prescribed dose on the tumor and doses cover to the heart and aorta on 6 and 10 MV nominal energies.

Results: According to the protocol RTOG 1005 for the heart zone, exceeding the threshold level for V20 < 5 % occurred in 11 cases out 21, and 8 cases from them are for 10 MV energy. For V10 < 30 % it happened in nine cases from 21, and seven cases from them are for 10 MV energy too. The correlation coefficient between the prescribed dose and the received dose for protocol RTOG 1005 V10 < 30 % was 0.71 and it showed the highest value. This index is lower on 13 % for protocol RTOG 0623 (V67) – 0.58, and it has the weakest coefficient correlation (V33) – 0.45. The value of the correlation coefficient for the aorta decreased with an increase in the volume to which the prescribed dose of the irradiation area falls and, consequently 10 and 20 % of the aorta volume is getting a maximum value from the prescribed dose.

Conclusion: Our research showed what contouring of ascending aorta is obligatorily procedure, because the average dose on it was 10.73 Gy for 10 MV and 6.50 Gy for 6 MV energies. It is obvious that using 6 MV energy is more organ-preserving method of the radiotherapy treatment when using such techniques as ABC. It is a very important to study the issue of the permissible dose per volume of ascending aorta without critical consequences for cardiovascular system. In addition, it particularly important if we take into account that all patients had a chemotherapy course before radiation therapy which also caused cardiotoxicity.

Key words: mediastinal lymphoma, radiation therapy, respiratory control system, cardiotoxicity, cardiovascular system, heart, ascending aorta

REFERENCES

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For citation: Filatova EV, Lamanova ON, Filatov PV, Zheravin A.A. Correlation between Radiotherapy Dose on the Mediastinal Lymphoma and Cardiovascular Dose with Using Respiratory Control System. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(5):40-6. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_59f2fe1f592407.71438587

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017. Vol. 62. No. 5. P. 28-32

RADIATION MEDICINE

DOI: 10.12737/article_59f2f93b8906c4.36666437

Organization of Personnel Individual Protection Conducting Diagnostic and Treatment Procedures Using Radionuclide and Generating Sources of Ionizing Radiation

V.I. Rubtsov, V.N. Klochkov, A.Yu. Nephedov, L.I. Tyuneeva, E.V. Klochkova, A.B. Trebukhin

A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

V.I. Rubtsov – Head of Laboratory, Dr. Sc. Tech.; V.N. Klochkov – Leading Researcher, Dr. Sc. Tech.; A.Yu. Nephedov – Senior Researcher, PhD Med.; L.I. Tyuneeva – Senior Researcher; E.V. Klochkova – Research Officer; A.B. Trebukhin – Leading Researcher, PhD Tech.

Abstract

Purpose: To improve radiation safety of medical staff and patients during diagnostic and treatment procedures with using of radionuclide radiation sources. Material and methods: Staff working conditions have been analyzed and the potential for using of various personal protective equipment has been assessed based on the developed framework of personal protection of medical staff and patients at nuclear medicine centers. In accordance with methods described in the current Russian standards, specimens of personal protective equipment manufactured at Russian industrial plants and suitable for use by medical staff and patients at nuclear medicine centers have been tested.

Results: Results of laboratory tests of new advanced high-performance personal protective equipment of various purposes for protection of medical staff and patients during diagnostic and treatment procedures with using of radiation sources are provided. Training and information documents and guidelines have been developed, including “Study guide on personal protection during diagnostic and treatment procedures with using of radionuclides and ionizing radiation sources” for various departments of the Institute of Continuing Vocational Education, in A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the FMBA of Russia, and “Guidelines on personal protection of medical staff and patients during diagnostic and treatment procedures with using of radionuclides and ionizing radiation sources”.

Conclusion: Study guide and Guidelines on personal protection of medical staff and patients at nuclear medicine centers during diagnostic and treatment procedures with using of radionuclide radiation sources, as well as the draft of the Standard guidelines on delivery of free personal protective equipment to medical staff have been developed based on the results of work and studies.

Kew words: nuclear medicine, staff, patients, external and internal exposure, radionuclides, personal protective equipment

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  7. Rubtsov V.I., Klochkov V.N., Surovtsev N.A. et al. Sovershenstvovaniye radiatsionnoy zashchity meditsinskogo personala pri provedenii diagnosticheskikh i lechebnykh protsedur s ispolzovaniyem radionuklidov i istochnikov ioniziruyushchego izlucheniya. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. 1. P. 17–21. (In Russ.).

For citation: Rubtsov VI, Klochkov VN, Nephedov AYu, Tyuneeva LI, Klochkova EV, Trebukhin AB. Organization of Personnel Individual Protection Conducting Diagnostic and Treatment Procedures Using Radionuclide and Generating Sources of Ionizing Radiation. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2017;62(5):28-32. Russian. DOI: 10.12737/article_59f2f93b8906c4.36666437

PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

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