Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 6. P. 11-15

RADIATION SAFETY

N.K. Shandala¹, D.V. Isaev¹, A.V. Titov¹, V.А. Seregin¹, S.М. Kiselev¹, М.P. Semenova¹, А.А. Filonova¹, N.Ya. Novikova¹, I.G. Lazareva², N.G. Biryukova²

Radiation Survey Around the «Zvezda» Plant in the Russian Far East

1. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology № 98 FMBA of Russia, Bolshoy Kamen, Primorsky Region, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To obtain data on the radiation situation around JSC Zvezda Far Eastern Yard after completion of the main stage of nuclear submarine Decommissioning & Dismantlement (D&D) operations.

Material and methods: For the purpose of the radiation survey around JSC Zvezda Far Eastern Yard we used methods of foot gamma shooting, gamma-spectrometric measurements of radionuclides in the environmental media using stationary gamma spectrometer, radiochemical separation of radionuclides, followed by radiometric measurement of the radionuclide activity.

Results: The survey was carried out in 2011-2012. The received results include: gamma dose rates in the area of Bolshoy Kamen city and in its vicinity; specific activities of radionuclides in soil and foodstuffs; and radionuclide concentrations in the marine environmental media (such as seaweeds, bottom sediments, marine fish) of the coastal water area of BolshoyKamen, Sukhodol and Andreyeva Bays.

Conclusions: Significant impact of nuclear submarines’ D&D operations on the radiation situation within the territory in the area of JSC Zvezda Far Eastern Yard is not revealed.

Key words:nuclear submarines, recycle, radiation examination, gamma radiation, the specific activity

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For citation: Shandala NK, Isaev DV, Titov AV, Seregin VA, Kiselev SM, Semenova MP, Filonova AA, Novikova NYa, Lazareva IG, Biryukova NG. Radiation Survey around the «Zvezda» Plant in the Russian Far East. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(6):11-5. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 6. P. 5-10

RADIATION BIOLOGY

l.H. Poghosyan¹, Z.S. Mkrtchyan¹, M.G. Gazaryants¹, M.G. Malakyan¹, l.E. Abramyan², G.O. Meliksetyan¹, J.I. Akopyan¹

Influence of Electromagnetic Radiation with Frequency of 900 and 1800 MHz on the Activity of Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase and Alkaline Phosphatase in Some Organs of the Rats

1. Institute of Molecular Biology of NAS RA, Erevan, Armenia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. Erevan State University. Faculty of Radiophysics, Erevan, Armenia

Abstract

Purpose: The sharp increase in the use of mobile phones has put on the agenda the question of the need to study the adverse effects of electromagnetic radiation emitted by mobile phones on the human health. The objective of the paper is to study the effect of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation at frequencies 900 and 1800 MHz (the standards of cellular communication) at levels of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) activity in the blood serum, liver, and brain of rats, and the alkaline phosphatase (AP) in the serum of rats using two schemes of radiation scheme: single and fractionated (fractional) at different terms of postradiation (the 1st, the 5th, the 10th and the 20th day).

Material and methods: The objects of the study were two enzymes - PNP and AP. PNP is one of the enzymes that characterizes the immune status of the organism. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to the disruption of homeostasis of nucleosides that causes T cell immunodeficiency. AP is involved in the metabolism of phosphoric acid, contributes to phosphorous transport in the body. The materials of the study were white mongrel male rats radiated by a single (two hours continuously) and fractional (for half an hour for four consecutive days) schemes of electromagnetic radiation with frequencies of 900 and 1800 MHz. SPSS package was used for statistical data processing (Statistical Package for Social Science).

Results: Electromagnetic radiation causes oscillatory character of the change in activity of the AP and almost completely inhibits the activity of PNP in the serum. Toxic effect did not affect the activity of the brain and hepatic purine nucleoside phosphorylase. The enzyme in these organs proved resistant properties to this mode of radiation.

Conclusion: It is shown that the electromagnetic radiation with frequencies of 900 and 1800 MHz inhibits PNP in the serum and in the liver and brain enzyme exhibits resistant properties to the action of the radiation, which is apparently due to the absence of toxic effects in these tissues under the influence of the used irradiation modes. The vibrational change of AP activity in serum testify to a considerable sensitivity of serum AP to the effects of the used type of radiation. In subsequent experiments it will be necessary to increase the duration of exposure. In the following experiments it will be necessary to increase the duration of the irradiation.

Key words: purine nucleoside phosphorylase, alkaline phosphatase, activity, electromagnetic radiation, cellular communications

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For citation: Poghosyan LH, Mkrtchyan ZS, Gazaryants MG, Malakyan MG, Abramyan LE, Meliksetyan GO, Akopyan JI. Influence of Electromagnetic Radiation with Frequency of 900 and 1800 MHz on the Activity of Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase and Alkaline Phosphatase in Some Organs of the Rats. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(6):5-10. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 6. P. 16-24

RADIATION MEDICINE

Yu.V. Semenova^1,2, A.B. Karpov^1,3, R.M. Takhauov^1,3, D.E. Maximov^1,3, M.Yu. Kirillova², A.G. Zerenkov¹, E.V. Efimova⁴

The Dinamics and Level of Acute Miocardial Infarction Morbidity in People Exposed To Occupational Irradiation

1. Seversk Biophysical Research Center, Seversk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. Seversk Clinical Hospital of the Siberian Federal Research and Clinical, Seversk, Russia; 3. Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia; 4. Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To study the levels and dynamics of the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) morbidity in people exposed to occupational irradiation taking into account the influence of the non-radiation risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases over the period 1998-2013.

Material and methods: The study is the prospective population research which was started in 1998 and has being developed. The research cohort of Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises (SGCE) personnel includes the total number of the employees started employment from 01.01.1950 to 31.12.1995 (30,112 people: 20,995 men and 9,117 women). By the end of the current follow-up 20,751 people were alive and 9,361 people died. From the total number employees of the cohort 6,334 men and 2,056 women were monitored to external exposure. The AMI was diagnosed in 1,470 employees (1,091 men and 379 women). 630 SGCE employees - AMI patients (529 men and 101 women) had the data of external and/or internal dosimetry.

Results: It was established that the male and female SGCE personnel not exposed to occupational irradiation had higher level of AMI morbidity and higher growth rate of the AMI morbidity standardize coefficients over the period 1998-2013 compared to the SGCE employees exposed to irradiation (having contact to sources of ionizing radiation in a workplace), and higher growth rates of the standardized case rate coefficients an acute myocardial infarction. A slight decrease of the AMI morbidity among the SGCE male personnel in the study period (13.8 %), apparently due to the implementation of state programs of the cardiovascular diseases prevention of complications.

Key words: risk factors, low doses, acute myocardial infarction

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For citation: Semenova YuV, Karpov AB, Takhauov RM, Maximov DE, Kirillova MYu, Zerenkov AG, EfimovaI EV. The Dinamics and Level of Acute Miocardial Infarction Morbidity in People Exposed To Occupational Irradiation. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(6):16-24. Russian.

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Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016. Vol. 61. No. 6. P. 50-56

DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY

E.I. Matkevich^1,2, V.E. Sinitsyn¹, A.N. Bashkov³

Comparison of Radiation Dose of Patients During Single-Phase and Multiphase Computed Tomography in the Multidisciplinary Treatment Clinic

1. Federal Center of Treatment and Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ; 2. I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow. Russia; 3. A.I. Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Determine mean radiation dose of patients and comparison of frequency of CT-examinations and radiation dose of patients during single-phase and multiphase CT-examinations of the brain, chest, abdomen and pelvis and feasibility of low-dose CT-examinations.

Material and methods: Structure of single-phase and multiphase CT-examinations, were analyzed during 2012-2014 in a multiprofile hospital (450 beds). The mean effective dose in single-phase and multiphase CT-examinations were calculated, data were obtained from 1766 records of patients (age range 17-93) scanned with 4 MDCT systems for the years 2012-2014: brain (n = 369), chest (n = 661), abdomen-pelvis (n = 557), chest-abdomen-pelvis (n = 179). CT-examinations of good quality were selected, volumetric CT dose index (CTDI, mGy) and dose-length product (DLP, mGy×cm) were collected for each of them. The effective dose (mSv) was calculated using the normalized coefficients according to Guidelines [7].

Results: Most of single-phase CT is the examination of chest (27.9-33.1 %), as for multiphase CT it is the examinations of abdomen and pelvis (18.9-25.2%). The mean effective doses due to one multiphase CT according to anatomical areas were as follows: brain - 3.2-4.6 mSv, chest - 8.4-5.3 mSv, chest-abdomen-pelvis - 31.8-38.6 mSv. Reduction of radiation dose was presented in illustrated routine examples of low-dose CT, for single-phase CT of chest to 2.6-3.7 times, for multiphase CT of chest-abdomen-pelvis to 3.6-6.4 times.

Conclusion: Radiation doses of one multiphase CT increase in proportion to the number of phases. Dose levels for one phase at a multiphase CT are generally lower than radiation doses in similar single-phase CT. Using low-dose methods in single-phase CT and in the native phase of multiphase CT allows to reduce radiation dose to patients preserving the acceptable quality of CT-imaging.

Key words : computed tomography, multiphase computed tomography, patients, effective radiation dose of patients, low-dose CT-examinations, low doses, potential risk, risk assessment

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For citation: Matkevich FI, Sinitsyn VE, Bashkov A.N. Comparison of Radiation Dose of Patients During Single-phase and Multiphase Computed Tomography in the Multidisciplinary Treatment Clinic. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2016;61(6):50-6. Russian.

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