Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022. Vol. 67. № 5

DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-47-51

N.A. Metlyaeva, A.Yu. Bushmanov, I.A. Galstyan,
M.V. Konchalovsky, O.V. Shcherbatykh, F.S. Torubarov

OUTCOME OF CHRONIC RADIATION SICKNESS
OF A SUBACCUTE COURSE TO HYPOPLASTIC ANEMIA

A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: N.A. Metlyaeva, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: A retrospective analysis of the clinical observation of chronic radiation sickness (CRS) culminating in the development of aplastic anemia.

Material and methods: The object of the examination was the medical history of a 25-year-old man, an apparatchik at the Mayak Production Association, who worked under conditions of external exposure and internal intake of radionuclides from July 1948 to December 1949.

Results: When he was employed, he was practically healthy. During the work, according to the data of individual dosimetric control, he received external relatively uniform exposure in a total dose of 1.72 Gy. During the entire observation period (2 years 4 months) in the 2nd therapeutic department of the Medical Unit No. 71 (from 12/15/49 to 01/15/52) and then in a special clinic of the IBP of the Ministry of Health of the USSR (from 01/17/52 to 03/24/52). It was noted the excretion of radioactive substances in the daily urine 8.3‒28.3 Bq, in the feces – 13.3–1133.3 Bq, without a decrease in their number in subsequent studies. Sick since August 1949. Taking into account the professional history, the presence of sepsis, severe hemorrhagic syndrome, complete aplasia of the bone marrow, long-term carriage and release of radioactive substances, in 1952 the final clinical diagnosis was formulated: Chronic recurrent form of radiation injury due to ingestion of radioactive substances, in a state of exacerbation. Aplastic anemia. Septicopyemia. General hemorrhagic syndrome. Parenchymal changes in internal organs. Meningoencephalitis. Myocarditis. Left-sided pneumonia with pleurisy. Residual effects of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Trophic ulcers of the left buttock. Pyoderma with necrosis of both elbows. Infiltration of the upper third of the right thigh along the back surface. On March 24, 1952, the patient died. The clinical diagnosis fully coincided with the pathoanatomical diagnosis.

Conclusion: The case history of patient E. is a vivid illustration of the subacute course of CRS with a rapid lethal outcome. The presence of a significant internal intake of osteotropic radionuclides led to the predominance of destructive processes in the bone marrow over regenerative ones and, accordingly, predetermined the development of aplastic anemia with a fatal outcome.

Keywords: radionuclide incorporation, chronic radiation sickness, subacute course, agranulocytosis, anemic syndrome, aplastic anemia

For citation: Metlyaeva NA, Bushmanov AYu, Galstyan IA, Konchalovsky MV, Shcherbatykh OV, Torubarov FS. Outcome of Chronic Radiation Sickness of a Subaccute Course to Hypoplastic Anemia. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022;67(5):47–51. (In Russian). DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-47-51

References

1. Guskova A.K. Chronic Radiation Sickness from Uniform Irradiation. Radiatsionnyye Porazheniya Cheloveka = Radiation Effects in Man. Ed. Barabanova A.V., Baranov A.Ye., Bushmanov A.Yu.. et al. Moscow, Slovo Publ., 2007. P. 85-101 (In Russian).

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4. Pesternikova V.S. The State of Hematopoiesis in Patients with Chronic Radiation Sickness 25-30 Years after the Diagnosis of the Disease. Izbrannyye Materialy «Byulletenya Radiatsionnoy Meditsiny» = Selected Materials of the Bulletin of Radiation Medicine. V. 1. Moscow, A.I. Burnasyan FMBC Publ., 2016. P. 436-444 (In Russian).

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6. Yegorov A.P., Bochkarev V.V. Krovetvoreniye i Ioniziruyushchaya Radiatsiya = Hematopoiesis and Ionizing Radiation. Moscow, Medgiz Publ., 1954. 259 p. (In Russian).

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10. Galstyan I.A., Metlyayeva N.A., Konchalovskiy M.V., et al. Subacute Course of Chronic Radiation Syndrome. Meditsina Truda i Promyshlennaya Ekologiya = Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology. 2021;9:572-579. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-9-572-579. (In Russian).

 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.06.2022. Accepted for publication: 25.08.2022.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022. Vol. 67. № 5

DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-64-68

V.V. Velikaya, Zh.A. Startseva, V.A. Lisin, V.E. Goldberg,
N.O. Popova

ADJUVANT NEUTRON THERAPY IN COMBINED MODALITY TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY-METASTATIC BREAST CANCER

Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia

Contact person: V.V. Velikaya, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To present long-term results adjuvant neutron therapy in combined modality treatment of patients with primary-metastatic breast cancer. 

Material and methods: The studied included 53 patients with stage T_2-4N_1-3M₁ breast cancer, who underwent multimodality treatment: neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) according to CMF, CAF/FAC schemes, antiestrogen therapy
(if indicated), radical mastectomy (RM) and radiotherapy using different types of ionizing radiation, from 2007 to 2018. All patients were divided into two groups. Group I patients (n = 23) underwent neutron therapy delivered to the anterior chest and group II patients
(n = 30) received photon therapy.

Results: The 6-year disease-free survival rate was 93.7 ± 6.1 % in patients who received adjuvant neutron therapy and 67.8 ± 7.6 % in patients who received photon therapy (p = 0.047). The overall 6-year survival rates in groups I and II were 68.9 ± 7.8 % and 45.9 ± 6.9, respectively (p = 0.36). Neutron therapy was well tolerated by all breast cancer patients.

Conclusion: In patients with stage T_2-4N_1-3M₁ breast cancer neutron therapy as a dense ionizing radiation is more effective due to its biological characteristics. Radical surgery combined with chemotherapy is known to improve survival of breast cancer patients

Keywords: metastatic breast cancer, combined modality treatment, radical mastectomy, radiation therapy, neutron therapy, local recurrence, radiation-induced injuries, survival

For citation: Velikaya VV, Startseva ZhA, Lisin VA, Goldberg VE, Popova NO. Adjuvant Neutron Therapy in Combined Modality Treatment of Patients with Primary-Metastatic Breast Cancer. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022;67(5):64–68. (In Russian). DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-64-68

References

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14. Musabaeva L.I., Startseva Zh.A., Gribova O.V., et al. Novel Technologies and Theoretical Models in Radiation Therapy of Cancer Patients Using 6.3 MEV Fast Neutrons Produced by U-120 Cyclotron. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2016;1760;1:020050.

15. Velikaya V.V., Startseva Zh.A., Lisin V.A., et al.  Late Effects of Combined Modality Treatment with Adjuvant Neutron Therapy for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer. Radiatsiya i Risk = Radiation and Risk. 2018;27;1:107-114 (In Russ.).

16. Velikaya V.V., Musabayeva L.I., Startseva Zh.A., Lisin V.A. Fast Neutrons of 6.3 MeV in Complex Treatment of Patients with Breast Cancer Local Recurrences. Voprosy Onkologii = Problems in Oncology. 2015;61;4:583-585 (In Russ.).

17. Choynzonov YE.L., Lisin V.A., Gribova O.V., et al. Methodological Approaches to Prevention of Radiation-Induced Skin Reactions in Neutron-Photon Therapy for Malignant Neoplasms. Sibirskiy Onkologicheskiy Zhurnal = Siberian Journal of Oncology. 2019;18;2:44-51. https://doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2019-18-2-44-51 (In Russ.).

18. Velikaya V.V., Gribova O.V., Musabayeva L.I., et al. Ozone Therapy for Radiation Reactions and Skin Lesions after Neutron Therapy in Patients with Malignant Tumors. Voprosy Onkologii = Problems in Oncology. 2015;61;4:571-574
(In Russ.).

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.06.2022. Accepted for publication: 25.08.2022.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022. Vol. 67. № 5

DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-59-63

D.V. Kuzmichev¹, Z.Z. Mamedli¹, M.V. Chernih², A.A. Tryakin³,
A.V. Polinovskiy¹, V.A. Aliev¹,N.A. Kozlov⁴, A.A. Aniskin¹

NEOADJUVANT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY WITH CONSOLIDATION CHEMOTHERAPY IMPROVES THE SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED RECTAL CANCER

¹Department of Coloproctology of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia

²Department of Radiation Oncology of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia

³Department of Chemotherapy of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia

⁴Department of Pathological anatomy of human tumors of RCRC N.N. Blokhin, Moscow, Russia

Contact person: Dmitriy Vladimirovich Kuzmichev, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Purpose: Consideration of the long-term three-year results of combined treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer using preoperative chemoradiotherapy and consolidating chemotherapy.

Material and methods: Patients aged >18 with histologycally verified MRI-staged low and medium T_3(CRM+)‒4N_0‒2M₀ rectal cancer were included. In the study group patients received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy 52‒56 Gy in 2 Gy fractions with capecitabine 850 mg/m² per os two times a day and followed by 4 cycles in СapOx regimen. In the control group, similar chemoradiotherapy was performed without consolidating chemotherapy. The study group consisted of 105 patients, and the control group consisted of 99 patients. The median follow-up was
42.4 months.

Results: The full planned course of preoperative treatment was carried out in 201 (98.5 %) patients. Progression of the disease after the neoadjuvant therapy was not detected in any patient. A complete pathological response in the tumor was registered in 29 (15.1 %) patients, and a complete clinical response in 12 (6 %) patients. In the study and control groups, these indicators were (20 % vs. 10.3 %, p=0.04) and (9.5 % vs. 2 %, p=0.01), respectively. Local relapses in the study were registered in 18 (8.8 %) patients, and distant metastases in
53 (26 %) patients. In the study and control groups, local relapse and distant metastases developed in 4.8 % vs. 13.1 % (p=0.03) and
20 % vs. 32.3 % (p=0.04), respectively. The overall three-year survival rate in patients in the study group was 92.9 %, in the control group
79.7 % (HR 0.2, 95 % CI 0.03‒0.24, p=0.01). Three-year relapse-free survival in patients in the study group was 75.5 %, and in the control group 59.6 % (HR 0.2, 95 % CI 0.05‒0.32, p=0.01).

Conclusion: Up to date, the strategy of combined neoadjuvant treatment seems to be the most promising. With a high degree of probability, this approach in the treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer may become a new standard of therapy with a similar treatment algorithm.

Keywords: locally advanced rectal cancer, consolidating chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy,  pathomorphosis

For citation: Kuzmichev DV, Mamedli ZZ, Chernih MV, Tryakin AA, Polinovskiy AV, Aliev VA,Kozlov NA, Aniskin AA. Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy with Consolidation Chemotherapy Improves the Survival of Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022;67(5):59–63. (In Russian). DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-59-63

References

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 PDF (RUS) Full-text article (in Russian)

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The study had no sponsorship.

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 20.06.2022. Accepted for publication: 25.08.2022.

Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022. Vol. 67. № 5

DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-69-74

K.S. Anpilogova¹, V.M. Puchnin², G.E. Trufanov¹, A.Yu. Efimtsev¹,
V.A. Fokin¹, A.V. Shchelokova², A.E. Andreichenko^2,3,
T.M. Bobrovskaya³

INVESTIGATION OF THE DIAGNOSTIC QUALITY OF BREAST MRI USING INNOVATIVE WIRELESS COILS

¹ V.A. Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia

² National Research University ITMO, Faculty of Physics and Technology, St. Petersburg, Russia

³ Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Department of Health of Moscow, Russia

Contact person: Anpilogova K.S.: email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT

Purpose Determination of the diagnostic capabilities of metadevices for breast MR examination in women.

Material and methods In the study, two types of metadevices for examining the mammary glands were considered – for imaging in a field with magnetic induction of 3 T and 1.5 T. 11 healthy women of reproductive age were examined, magnetic resonance images of T1 (turbo spin echo) and T1 3D gradient echo (GRE) were obtained based on the Dixon method with fat saturation. The images were evaluated by radiologists on a 5-point Likert scale.

Results The images obtained using the metadevices were characterized by acceptable and comparable absolute and relative signal-to-noise ratios comparing them to images obtained using a standard coil at the same spatial resolution and with a decrease in input power by an average of 27 times for 3.0 T. At the same time, for 1.5 T, the input power was reduced by a factor of 15.6, and the signal-to-noise ratio was increased by a factor of 2. For image quality criteria in terms of presence/absence of artifacts, the average score for the metadevice was higher than the score for the specialized coil by 3 T. For 1.5 T, this parameter turned out to be the same, which was probably associated with a lower level of artifacts by 1.5 T than by 3 T in general.

Discussion Analysis of the collected assessments of independent experts indicates that the diagnostic characteristics of magnetic resonance images of the mammary glands obtained using ceramic-based (for 3 T) and wire-based (for 1.5 T) metadevices are of a good and average level, and are comparable in terms of all criteria with standard approaches.

Conclusions The assessment of the quality of the obtained images demonstrates the acceptable quality of imaging and reflects the possibility of their application in clinical practice, taking into account ongoing improvements and optimization of the entire set of pulse sequences for MRI of the mammary glands.

Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging, MR mammography, metadevice, image quality

For citation: Anpilogova KS, Puchnin VM, Trufanov GE, Efimtsev AYu, Fokin VA, Shchelokova AV, Andreichenko AE, Bobrovskaya TM. Investigation of the Diagnostic Quality of Breast MRI Using Innovative Wireless Coils. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2022;67(5):69-74. DOI: 10.33266/1024-6177-2022-67-5-69-74

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Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Financing. The Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 18-75-1008).

Contribution. Article was prepared with equal participation of the authors.

Article received: 17.04.2022.  Accepted for publication: 06.05.2022